The United States
National Museum
Annual Report for the Year Ended June 30, 1955
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Unirep Srates Nationat Museum, Unver Direction OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, Washington, D. C., October 15, 1955. Sirs: I have the honor to submit herewith a report upon the present condition of the United States National Museum and upon the work accomplished in its various departments during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1955. Very respectfully, Remineron KeEiwoee, Director, U.S. National Museum. Dr. Leonarp CARMICHAEL, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
II
June 30, 1955 Scientific Staff
Director: Remington Kellogg
J. E. Anglim, exhibits specialist; T. G. Baker, Don H. Berkebile, R. O. Hower, Benjamin Lawless, W. T. Marinetti, Edward W. Normandin, Jr., M. M. Pearson, George Stuart, exhibits workers
Department of Anthropology: Frank M. Setzler, head curator A. J. Andrews, exhibits preparator
ARCHEOLOGY: Waldo R. Wedel, curator | PHysicaL ANTHROPOLOGY: ‘T. Dale Clifford Evans, Jr., associate curator Stewart, curator G. S. Metcalf, museum aide M. T. Newman, associate curator
Erunotocy: H. W. Kreiger, curator J. C. Ewers, associate curator C. M. Watkins, associate curator R. A. Elder, Jr., assistant curator
Department of Zoology: Waldo L. Schmitt, head curator
W. L. Brown, chief exhibits preparator ; C. R. Aschemeier, W. M. Perrygo, HE. G. Laybourne, C. 8. East, J. D. Biggs, exhibits preparators; Mrs. Aime M. Awl, scientific illustrator
MAMMAtLS: Insects: J. F. Gates Clarke, curator D. H. Johnson, acting curator O. L. Cartwright, associate curator H. W. Setzer, associate curator W. D. Field, associate curator Charles O. Handley, Jr., associate Grace HE. Glance, associate curator
curator Sophy Parfin, junior entomologist J. W. Paradiso, museum aide MARINE INVERTEBRATES: I, A. Chace,
Birps: Herbert Friedmann, curator Jr., curator H. G. Deignan, associate curator Frederick M. Bayer, associate cu- G. M. Bond, museum aide rator
REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS: T. E. Bowman, associate curator
Doris M. Cochran, associate curator Mrs. L. W. Peterson, museum aide FisHEes: Leonard P. Schultz, curator | Mottusks: Harald A. Rehder, curator EH. A. Lachner, associate curator Joseph P. BH. Morrison, associate cu- Robert H. Kanazawa, museum aide rator W. J. Byas, museum aide
Department of Botany: Jason R. Swallen, head curator
PHANEROGAMS: A. C. Smith, curator GRASSES :
Lyman B. Smith, associate curator Ernest R. Sohns, associate curator BH. C. Leonard, associate curator CRYPTOGAMS: C. V. Morton, acting cu- BE. H. Walker, associate curator rator
Velva H. Rudd, associate curator Paul S. Conger, associate curator
FERNS: C. V. Morton, curator
iil
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Department of Geology: W. F. Foshag, head curator
J. H. Benn, museum geologist; L. B. Isham, scientific illustrator
MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY: W. F.| VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY: C. L. Gazin,
Foshag, acting curator E. P. Henderson, associate curator G. S. Switzer, associate curator ¥. E. Holden, physical science aide
curator D. H. Dunkle, associate curator F. L. Pearce, exhibits worker G. D. Guadagni, exhibits worker F. QO. Griffith, m1, exhibits worker
INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY AND PALEO- BOTANY: Gustav A. Cooper, curator A. R. Loeblich, Jr., associate curator David Nicol, associate curator R. J. Main, Jr., museum aide Vv. M. Gabbert, museum aide
Department of Engineering and Industries: Frank A. Taylor, head curator
ENGINEERING: R. P. Multhauf, curator; in charge of Sections of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, and Phys- ical Sciences and Measurements, and Tools
K. M. Perry, associate curator, Sec- tions of Electricity and Marine Transportation
S. H. Oliver, associate curator, Sec- tions of Land Transportation and Horology
William E. Bridges, museum aide
MEDICINE AND PuBLIC HEALTH:
George B. Griffenhagen, associate curator
Alvin E. Goins, museum aide
CRAFTS AND INDUSTRIES: W. N. Watkins, curator; in charge of Section of Wood Technology
Edward C. Kendall, associate curator, Sections of Manufactures and Agri- cultural Industries
Grace L. Rogers, assistant curator, Section of Textiles
BH. A. Avery, museum aide
GRAPHIC ARTS: J. Kainen, curator
A. J. Wedderburn, Jr., associate cu- rator; Section of Photography
J. Harry Phillips, Jr., museum aide
Department of History: Mendel L. Peterson, acting head curator
MILITARY AND NAVAL HISTORY: Mendel L. Peterson, curator J. Russell Sirlouis, assistant curator Craddock R. Goins, Jr., junior his- torian NUMISMATIOCS: S. M. Mosher, associate curator
CIVIL HIstorY : Margaret W. Brown, associate cura- tor F. E. Klapthor, museum aide PHILATELY: Franklin R. Bruns, Jr., associate cu- rator
Honorary Scientific Staff
Smithsonian fellows, collaborators, associates, custodians of collections, and honorary curators
Anthropology Mrs. Arthur M. Greenwood, Anthro-| Betty J. Meggers, Archeology
pology Neil M. Judd, Anthropology
W. W. Taylor, Jr., Anthropology W. J. Tobin, Physical Anthropology
Zoology
Paul Bartsch, Mollusks
A. G. Boéving, Zoology
L. L. Buchanan, Coleoptera
M. A. Carriker, Insects
R. S. Clark, Zoology
Robert A. Cushman, Hymenoptera Max M. Ellis, Marine Invertebrates D. C. Graham, Biology
Charles T. Greene, Diptera
A. Brazier Howell, Mammals
W. L. Jellison, Insects
W. M. Mann, Hymenoptera
W. B. Marshall, Zoology
Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., Mammals
J. Percy Moore, Marine Invertebrates
Cc. F. W. Muesebeck, Insects
Theodore S. Palmer, Zoology
Benjamin Schwartz, Helminthology
Mrs. Harriet Richardson Searle, Marine Invertebrates
C. R. Shoemaker, Zoology
R. HE. Snodgrass, Insects
Alexander Wetmore, Birds
Mrs. Mildred Stratton Wilson, Copepod Crustacea
Botany
Agnes Chase, Grasses BH. P. Killip, Phanerogams
F. A. McClure, Grasses John A. Stevenson, Fungi
Geology
R. 8. Bassler, Paleontology
Roland W. Brown, Paleobotany
Preston Cloud, Invertebrate Paleon- tology
Frank L. Hess, Mineralogy and Pe- trology
J. Brookes Knight, Invertebrate Pale- ontology
Helen N. Loeblich, Invertebrate Paleon- tology
S. H. Perry, Mineralogy
J. B. Reeside, Jr., Invertebrate Palecn- tology
W. T. Schaller, Mineralogy
Engineering and Industries
F. L. Lewton, Crafts and Industries
Annual Report of
the Director
United States National Museum
Contents
Page
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aS ah res m Heomnch a4 mai | cee Oy aon et
Introduction
On June 8, 1955, during the first session of the 84th Congress, the House of Representatives on the recommendation of the Committee on Public Works passed a bill (H. R. 6410) authorizing the construc- tion of a building for a Museum of History and Technology for the Smithsonian Institution at a cost not to exceed $36,000,000, including the preparation of plans and specifications, and all other work inci- dental thereto. Following a favorable report by the Committee on Public Works of the Senate of the United States, the same bill passed the Senate by unanimous consent on June 17, 1955. The President of the United States on June 28, 1955, approved the Act of Congress (Public Law 106) which authorizes and directs the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution to plan and construct this museum building. In this building will be housed the collections now displayed in the Arts and Industries building of the United States National Museum.
Funds Allotted
From the funds appropriated by Congress to carry on the opera- tions of the Smithsonian Institution and its bureaus during the fiscal year 1955, the sum of $1,136,016 was allotted to the United States National Museum for the preservation, increase, and study of the national collections of anthropological, zoological, botanical, and geological collections, as well as materials illustrative of engineering, industry, graphic arts and history (this amount includes sums ex- pended for the program of exhibits modernization).
Exhibits
The program of modernizing exhibits, initiated during the pre- ceding year, was continued in 1955 by a Congressional allotment of $360,000. Contracts were awarded and work commenced on the North American mammal and the bird halls and construction was started on the cultural history (the colonial tradition in America) | and the power machinery halls.
Anthropology
On the evening of June 2, 1955, President William M. Milliken of the American Association of Museums and Secretary Leonard Car- michael of the Smithsonian Institution formally opened to the public the newly modernized American Indian hall in a ceremony scheduled as part of the program of the 50th anniversary meeting of the Asso- ciation. The ethnographic displays in this hall range geographi- cally from Tierra del Fuego, at the southern tip of South America, through Latin America, to southwestern United States and Cali- fornia. The life-size groups in the displays portray various aspects of the ways of life of these historic Indian cultures and are a legacy from the past, having been designed by the talented artist and former head curator of anthropology, Dr. William H. Holmes. Some were exhibited at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, in 1893. Five miniature dioramas supplement these life-size family groups, and portray (1) the Indians who met Columbus; (2) life in a Yosemite Indian village in the fall of the year, when acorns are being collected ; (3) a sacred ceremony in the antelope kiva of the Hopi Indians; (4) terrace farming among the Inca; and (5) a camp scene among the Yahgan Indians, the southernmost people in the world. Wall cases illustrate the basic economy of each culture in terms of food, clothing, shelter, and handicrafts.
A selection of the 53 displays that comprise this hall are illustrated on the pages that follow. These displays were the product of close cooperation between Associate Curator of Ethnology John C. Ewers, who planned the hall and suggested the case layouts, and the group of artists who designed and installed the exhibits under the creative direction of Exhibits Specialist John E. Anglim. Working with Mr. Anglim were T. G. Baker, R. O. Hower, W. T. Marinetti, E. H. Nor- mandin, Jr., and M. M. Pearson. Three of the dioramas were fash- ioned by Exhibits Preparator A. Joseph Andrews and two others
9
Wild seeds, principally acorns, were an important food resource which the Hupa women collected and processed. Men hunted and fished.
CALIFORNIA
Pomo women of northwestern California were noted for making some of the world’s most finely woven baskets.
Clamshell beads and dentalia, another shell, took the place of money in trade among the tribes of California Indians.
Carefully painted dolls help the children recog- nize and name the hun- dreds of supernatural spirits, or kachinas, re- vered by their tribe.
Around a sand-painting altar in an underground ceremonial chamber, or kiva, members of the Snake
and Antelope Societies perform traditional Hopi PUEBLO
religious rites. (This is a diorama.)
Many changes in style have occurred during the Pueblo’s more than 1500 years of pottery- making. These examples are from the late 19th century.
EEA
Corn THE GIFT OF THE GODS BASIC FOOD OF THE PUEBLOS-
Corn, the most important food of the Pueblo tribes, was cultivated with very simple wooden tools— the hoe, rake, and planting stick.
j2UNI PUEBLO POTTERY MAKING
|_MARY OF THE puro
ae SERVING BOWLS. _
SHE MADE THEM HERSELF aN was FRO OF T ) BEAUTY ano utiury, Shes
_A Zuni woman, ‘a brush of yucca ‘paints designs on her
|pottery with great skill. |
In their famous snake dance, societies ask the rattlesnake spirits to aid them in ob- | taining rain for their crops.
members of the religious
INTERIOR OF -— HOP! APARTMENT
In the Hopi 1-room efficiency apartment the corn-grinding bins and corner fire- place are built in. The family eats and sleeps on the floor.
APACHE AND NAVAHO
: oe ose peer
Navaho craftsmen scarcely 100 years ago learned from the Mexicans how to work metal. Today they make beautiful silver ornaments for sale and for their own use.
The Cocopa gained a liveli- hood in the deserts of Mexico along the lower Col- orado River by growing crops in the irrigated river bottoms, hunting small game, and fishing.
In their preference for buckskin cloth- ing, the Apache resembled neighbor- ing tribes of the Great Plains.
The Apache traditionally wove coiled baskets and also painted and beaded articles of buckskin. Their crafts were like those of the South- western and Plains Indians.
In the Mexican-border region the desert-dwelling Pima were skilled potters, basketmakers, and weavers of cotton blankets and belts. The cotton they grew in irrigated fields.
DESERT DWELLERS
IN THE SOUTHPESTERN DESERT,
WHERE TEMPERATURES OF MORE THAN \D0 WEAE COMMON, LITTLE CLOTHING WAS NECOrD. ;
WORE OMY ASHIRT MEK
A LON CLOTH ; FACE AND BOOY PAINTING WERE
= coMMON
The pelican-skin garment of the Seri from Baja California and the cere- monial body painting of the Mohave from the Lower Colorado illustrate the clothing habits of the desert dwellers.
HIGH CULTURES OF CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA SOME FOLK COSTUMES OF INDIANS IN GUATEMALA
‘Sena PRACT e CONE GANTT
% descendants of the Maya,
In highland Guatemala, where live
the folk costumes of each village are both colorful and distinctive.
More than 2 miles above sea level, in the neighborhood of Lake Titicaca, the ingenious and sturdy Aymara raise potatoes, the staple food of the Andean highlands.
Basketry fans from modern Mexico illustrate variation in local styles. In design, these fans, which are popular gifts, are remarkably similar to those of fans appearing on ancient Maya paint- ings.
CIRCUM-CARIBBEAN AND SOUTH AMERICAN RAIN FOREST
The warlike Jivaro are Selected objects and photographic color transparencies clever hunters with the interpret the basic economy, traditional manufactures, blow gun, which they and social life of the Carib and Arawak tribes in the use solely to kill game. jungles and savannas of the Guianas.
They are skilled crafts- men in feathers, weav-
ing, and pottery. A shrunken head, war
trophy of the Jivaro, is contrasted with the outline of a life-sized
head.
A diorama recreates in realistic miniature the moment when the Lucayan Indians of the Bahamas in 1492 discovered Columbus’ ships on the horizon.
PD IBN
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA
“INDIANS OF THE LAND OF FIRE
TERRA DEL FUEGO MANY FIRES BURNED BY NATIVES OF DAMP REGIONE.
The tribes of Tierra del Fuego are the southernmost people of the world. Contrasted here are the customs of the Yahgan canoemen, who wore few clothes and sought their food by the sea, and the Ona footmen, who hunted the swift-footed Ilama-like guanaco, their principal source of food, clothing, and shelter.
The horse, introduced by the Spanish, enabled the bola-using Tehuelche to become more effective nomadic hunters on the grasslands of Axvrgentina.
EXHIBITS 3
were prepared in the Museum Laboratory of the National Park Service from Mr. Ewers’ specifications.
After many months of planning by Associate Curator C. Malcolm Watkins and Chief Exhibits Preparator John E. Anglim, and with the cooperation of Public Buildings Service, construction was begun in Hall 26 on exhibits depicting colonial life in North America. In a series of 50 case exhibits and 6 period rooms household furnishings as well as useful and decorative arts will be displayed to illustrate domestic customs from the earliest settlements along the Atlantic Coast to about 1830. Two of the latter will be ground floor rooms of the complete 2-story 17th-century house from Everett, Mass., the gift of Dr. and Mrs. Arthur M. Greenwood of Marlboro, Mass.
An instructive exhibit, “Folk Pottery of Early New England,” was installed in an alcove of the ground floor foyer of the Natural History Building by Mr. Watkins and the exhibits preparators. The redware and stoneware there displayed were selected from the gift collection of Mrs. Lura Woodside Watkins.
The drama of the buffalo-hunting Plains Indian, the warfare he waged in defense of his way of life, and the coming of the frontier— these historical incidents provided themes for special exhibitions in which the U. S. National Museum participated. Paintings and drawings of Indian subjects made by such early 19th century Ameri- can artists as George Catlin, John Mix Stanley, Charles Bird King, H. Stieffel, and Gustavus Sohon, were lent to various museums and galleries throughout the United States.
Owing to its unique character and outstanding interest a figurine of wood, basketry, and cloth from the central coast of Peru, dated about A. D. 1100, was installed in a special case at the south end of the hall, “Highlights of Latin American Archeology.”
During June 1955, a display of casts illustrating skeletal age changes in young American males was installed among the semipublic exhibits maintained in the third-floor corridors of the Natural History Build- ing. A temporary exhibit, “The Sickle Cell Disease in Man,” de- veloped by Associate Curator Marshall T. Newman in collaboration with the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, was shown at the annual meeting of the National Academy of Sciences on April 25, 1955.
Zoology
During the year the exhibits staff of the department of zoology completed the installation of the puma, Alaska wolf, pronghorn antelope, and Virginia deer in the recently constructed habitat units. For the bison group in this North American mammal hall, the Fish and Wildlife Service provided three animals from the National Bison Range. Chief Exhibits Preparator W. L. Brown made a trip to
359492—55——__2
4 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Amidon and Bismarck, N. Dak., and to the Bison Range at Moiese, Mont., for habitat photographs, background accessories, and related materials.
In the bird hall work was completed on all construction. Also completed was one habitat group, depicting the bird life of the Ant- arctic, in which five emperor and three Adelie penguins, a skua, a kelp gull, and a snow petrel are shown. The paintings on the back- grounds of display units for the hoatzin, Carolina parakeet, bower bird, honey-guide, and palm chat were essentially finished at the close of the fiscal year. The paintings of flying birds for the ceiling of this hall were completed and the installation of some exhibits was commenced.
Notable among a special series of small exhibits of insects placed on display in the foyer of the Natural History Building was an exhibit of Morpho butterflies showing sexual dimorphism and the contrast between physical and chemical coloration.
Geology
Planning for the medernization of the geological exhibits has been resumed. ‘The general plans and layouts of the halls for minerals, invertebrate fossils, and the lower vertebrate fossils have been deter- mined. Associate Curator David H. Dunkle and Exhibits Worker G. Donald Guadagni were in the field during the last five weeks of the fiscal year searching the Cretaceous chalk beds of Kansas for fossil fish needed to complete the exhibition series. Curator G. A. Cooper of the division of invertebrate paleontology and paleobotany visited the University of Michigan and the Chicago Museum of Natural History for consultations regarding installation of proposed restora- tions of fossil life in the hall of fossil invertebrates. Preparation of the giant ground sloth material from Panama has been completed and two skeletons have been assembled for mounting and installation in the exhibition hall.
Engineering and Industries
The detailed planning of the power machinery hall was completed during the year, the plans and specifications were reviewed, and the preparation of exhibits for installation was in progress. The ex- hibits in this hall illustrate the development of power machinery by means of original machines, models, and graphic devices. Several new models of pioneer power machines were constructed by Donald H. Berkebile, modelmaker, in the exhibits workshop. The actual construction of this hall will start shortly after the close of this fiscal year. Both the hall of horse-drawn and locomotive transportation, which was painted under the buildings renovation program, and the
EXHIBITS 5
boat hall have been greatly improved by the installation of fluorescent lighting. In order to improve the display of instruments in the me- trology section, all but the more significant have been put in storage. New exhibits on the development of the balance and the early instru- ments of astronomy and surveying are now complete.
Tn the hall of textiles eight new exhibits were installed and four were renovated. A noteworthy new one traces asbestos from early superstitious use to modern times, and another, “American Cotton Before Columbus,” features important early Peruvian fabrics. An exhibit on hand spinning, one on machine spinning, and four on the development of the loom through fly-shuttle weaving were completed.
Tn the section of manufactures an addition was made to the Fessen- den exhibit of plant and insect specimens preserved in plastic. The tire exhibit and opposite cases were repainted to harmonize with the recently painted south hall, and the appearance of the south hall gal- lery was further improved by a rearrangement of cases, the repainting of two wall cases, and the renovation of the sealskin exhibit. A new exhibit of patent models of harrows, arranged against a large photo- mural background of a harrow in use, was installed. The planter exhibit was moved to a lighted case, enlarged, and relabeled.
An outline of the plans for the hall of health was circulated to pro- fessionally interested individuals and institutions for comment. The theme of this hall will be man’s knowledge of his body then and now, a comparison of old and present ideas and knowledge of the human body.
Exhibits designed and constructed in the division of medicine and public health during the past year include an introductory exhibit, pointing out the highlights of the gallery of medical history, and presenting a brief historical orientation to medical science; “A Tele- gram From Your Heart,” showing the historical evolution of the electrocardiograph, and featuring Dr. Frank Wilson’s original electro- cardiograph; an 1875 dental office containing the significant office equipment of Dr. G. V. Black, pioneer in dental education; “Hearing Aids, from Cupped Hand to Transistor,” tracing the development of the hearing aid; “Mortar and Pestle, Symbol of Pharmacy,” showing the chronological development of the mortar and pestle from the stone mortar to the Wedgwood mortar; “The Pharmaceutical Balance,” tracing the evolution of the balances used in pharmacy; “Percolation,” describing the historical devolpment of this important pharmaceutical process; “Compressed Tablets vs. Handmade Pills,” tracing the evolu- tion of the pill machine and the tablet press; “Milestones in Cardi- ology,” a portrait exhibit of pioneers of cardiology; “Sculpture Por- traits of Medical Greats,” featuring ten plaques by sculptress Doris Appel; “Suppository Mold: Past and Present,” an exhibit showing
6 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
the evolution of the suppository mold from paper cone to compression mold; an exhibit featuring the William R. Warner original pill- coating pan and pitcher, used for sugar-coating pills; an exhibit featuring the original Scherer gelatin capsulating machine; “Pre- scriptions Around the World,” a collection of medical prescriptions from the far corners of the globe; and an exhibit of apothecary show globes of the late 19th century.
Exhibits prepared by donors, with the guidance of the associate curator of the division, and installed in the division of medicine and public health during the past year, include “The Dodrill-GMR Mechanical Heart,” presented by General Motors Research Labora- tories; “Allergies,” featuring an animated step-by-step demonstration of typical allergic reactions, presented by Ciba Pharmaceutical Prod- ucts, Inc.; “Binding up a Wound,” an exhibit presented by Johnson and Johnson to show the evolution of surgical dressings and featuring a Peruvian skull, some 1,500 years old, on which ancient cotton gauze is held in place by several strands of strong llama-hair cord; “Take Away That Bitter Taste,” tracing the evolution of flavoring medicines, presented by Dodge and Olcott, Inc.; “Your Height and Weight,” contributed by the American Medical Association; “The Story of the Ampoule,” presented by Parke, Davis Company; and “The Evolution of Medical Illustrating,” contrasting early anatomical illustrations and present day medical illustrations, lent by artist Paul Peck of Sudler and Hennessey, Inc. In addition Eli Lilly completely refur- bished their exhibit, “Insulin and Diabetes.”
In cooperation with the American Institute of the History of Phar- macy, the division of medicine and public health sponsored a pictorial exhibit tracing the evolution of the drug store at the 75th anniversary meeting of the Wisconsin Pharmaceutical Association, in Madison, Wise.
Jacob Kainen, curator of the division of graphic arts, and J. Harry Phillips, Jr., museum aide, began a complete revision of the exhibits dealing with the techniques of picture printing. The photogravure and rotogravure sections have been completed and the section on the halftone relief process is partially completed. Lighting has been installed in the hall for the first time.
In the section of photography material was gathered for exhibits relating to the history of stereophotography and to early motion pic- ture devices. <A series of new exhibits in the northwest gallery relat- ing to the development of the camera shutter, the camera lens, artificial light and instantaneous photography, and the applications of photog- raphy to everyday life, to science and industry, to welfare, and to education are in the planning stage.
EXHIBITS
SPECIAL EXHIBITS—DIVISION OF GRAPHIC ARTS
Lesser known French etchers of the 19th
GRAPHIC ARTS
Prints from the perma- nent collection
1954 June 21—Sept. 6
century Jacob Pins Block prints from the Sept. 7—Oct. 3 permanent print col- lection Paul Heinrich Ebell 25 woodcuts Oct. 4—Oct. 31 The Yoshida Family 60 block prints Noy. 1—Nov. 28 1955 Victor Delhez 26 wood engravings Nov. 29—Jan. 2 Persis Robertson 33 lithographs Jan. 3—Jan. 30
Arthur W. Heintzelman John Laurent Lino S. Lipinsky
32 etchings 22 prints 29 etchings
Jan. 31—Mar. 27 Mar. 28-May 29 May 31-July 24
PHOTOGRAPHY 1954 National Print Collec- 50 pictorial photographs July—Aug. tion Robert V. George 45 pictorial photographs Sept.—Oct. National Photographic 46 pictorial photographs Nov.—Dec. Society (Annual and 101 color trans- Salon) parencies 1955 Wellington Lee 40 pictorial photographs Jan.—Feb. Charles E. Emery 53 pictorial photographs Mar.—Apr. Eighth Annual Exhibi- 46 pictorial photographs May tion of Marine Photog- raphy American Society of 51 pictorial photographs June
Photographie Art
History
The First Ladies hall was formally opened on May 24, 1955, with the President of the United States and Mrs. Eisenhower participating in the dedication. The eight large display units in this hall, designed to represent different rooms in the White House from its earliest period to the present time, contain architectural details received from the White House during its recent reconstruction. They afford the visitor an opportunity to view the dresses in surroundings similar to those in which they were originally worn. Each room contains from three to six dresses representing a time span of about 20 years. The changing styles in White House decoration shown in these rooms are based on available pictorial evidence and written descriptions.
§ U. 8. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
An exhibit illustrating the history of the United States Marine Corps was dedicated on August 10, 1954, in a section of the hall of naval history by Secretary Carmichael and General Lemuel C. Shep- herd, Commandant of the Marine Corps. In it the historical develop- ment of this organization is traced by means of a series of uniforms, swords, and miscellaneous items owned by notable officers and enlisted men.
A special exhibition, “History under the Sea,” was displayed in the foyer of the Natural History Building from July 20 to August 20, 1954, and subsequently for about three months in the rotunda of the Arts and Industries Building.
Seventy-six double frames in the philatelic exhibit cases were used to display an exceptionally complete series of United States revenue stamps transferred from the Internal Revenue Service. Com- missioner of Internal Revenue T. Coleman Andrews made the presen- tation to Secretary Carmichael on October 12, 1954.
1789-1817 (left to right): Dorothea ‘Dolley’? Payne Todd Madison, Martha Jefferson Randolph (daughter of Thomas Jefferson), Martha Dandridge Custis Washington, Abigail Smith Adams.
eas RAE a
Monroe Gouverneur (daughter of James Monroe), Louisa Catherine Adams.
1829-1849 (left to right): Sarah Yorke Jackson (Mrs. Andrew Jack- son, Jr.), Emily Donelson (niece of Andrew Jackson), Angelica Singleton Van Buren (daughter-in-law of Martin Van Buren), Jane Irwin Findlay (William Henry Harrison Administration), Julia Gardiner Tyler, Sarah Childress Polk.
Abigail Powers Fillmore, Jane Appleton Pierce, Harriet Lane (niece of James Buchanan), Mary Todd Lincoln, Martha Johnson Patterson (daugh- ter of Andrew Johnson).
Ce prelim
eee Give
nr ei po> AGidom on
a
1869-1893 (left to right): Mary Harrison McKee (daughter of Benjamin Harrison), Caroline Scott Harrison, Mary Arthur McElroy (sister of Chester Arthur), Lucretia Rudolph Garfield, Lucy Webb Hayes, Julia Dent Grant.
‘ 2 ° r = —
1893-1921 (left to right): Edith Bolling Wilson, Ellen Axson Wilson, Helen Herron Taft, Edith Kermit Roosevelt, Ida Saxton McKinley, Frances Folsom Cleveland.
1921-1933 (left to right): Lou Henry Hoover, Florence Kling Harding, Grace Goodhue Coolidge.
1933- (left to right): Mamie Doud Eisenhower, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt,
Bess Wallace Truman.
the accompanying tabulation.
the past year.
Acecessions
During the Fiscal Year 1955
During the year 7,596,646 specimens were added to the national collections and distributed among the six departments as shown on This total includes several million minute fossils known as Foraminifera collected in Europe during The other accessions for the most part were received as gifts from individuals or as transfers from Government depart- ments and agencies, and the most important of these are summarized below. A full list of the donors is to be found on page 54.
SPECIMENS IN THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
JUNE 30, 1955
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY . Archeology . Ethnology Ceramics . } P Musical inetnaments ji Period art and textiles . Physical Anthropology DEPARTMENT OF BorTany . Phanerogams . Grasses . Ferns Cryptogams . DEPARTMENT OF TSNeER NTIS AND ihe DUSTRIES i Crafts and THdestnionl! Engineering . Graphic? Artsy jar. .< Medicine and Public Heath DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY . Mineralogy and Petrology. . Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleo- botany . Vertebrate Baleoutalary DEPARTMENT OF HistToRY . Civil History . Military History . Naval History . Numismatics Philately .
576, 763 187, 749 10, 048 2, 453 8, 123 37, 244
1, 750, 249 356, 640 210, 627 357, 926
66, 676 33, 432 46, 108 22, 566
265, 879 11, 994, 837 40, 305
38, 332
29, 537
4, 687
63, 507 717, 324
822, 380
2, 675, 442
168, 782
12, 301, 021
853, 387
10 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. ........... 26, 043, 633 Mammals) \., Seaver. fen” were, 272, 108 BRAS is Ga. yao hes OH. 484, 869 Reptilesynts o.oo eke ae ee 143, 746 SHISIN@S ess LOH ES SE pea deat lee eet 1, 557, 614 Tnsectsie lee ee ee 12, 537, 523 Marine Invertebrates. ...... 1, 313, 392 Mollusks it a2se Re ieee soe i ete es 9, 503, 063 Helminths. epee ones ee ea re 46, 408 Hehmodermsyioe sacach cea ee 184, 910
ToraL MusrtumM COLLECTIONS. ...... 42, 864, 645
Anthropology
A unique gift to the division of archeology was the figure of a human, made from wood, cloth and basketry, recovered from a grave along the central coast of Peri and dating from about A. D. 1100. This unusual object was presented by Mrs. Virginia Morris Pollak as a gift from the Arther Morris collection. A series of large archeo- logical collections taken from excavation projects in various parts of the Missouri Basin has been transferred to the Museum by the River Basin Surveys. <A willow splint figure of a quadruped, prob- ably prehistoric, from a cave in Grand Canyon, was presented by Dr. J. D. Jennings, of the University of Utah.
The division of ethnology received from Ralph Solecki numerous ethnological objects which he obtained, while conducting archeological cal work in Iraq, from his native employees and their relatives among the Shirwani Kurds of Kurdistan. Also accessioned were 28 items of Afghan material culture, consisting of pottery, basketry, weavings and quilted clothing, a Khyber knife, and Mohammedan cult objects, collected in 1954 by the donor, Miss May Wilder, from villagers and country folk in Afghanistan. Another gift was a well-documented collection of 34 miscellaneous ethnographical specimens from the Anuak, a Sudanese tribe living in the environs of the Akobo River, collected by the donor, Miss Joan Yilek, prior to 1953 at Pokwo, Ethiopia, while she was stationed there as a missionary. Most ex- traordinary was the gift by Dr. and Mrs. Arthur M. Greenwood of Marlboro, Mass., of an entire two-story, four-room house, built in Kiverett, Mass., in 1678. The hand-hewn timbers of this early Ameri- can home were dismantled and reassembled for future exhibition. W. Dan Quattlebaum, Pasadena, Calif., presented two outstanding examples of 18th-century glass, consisting of an engraved glass bowl blown in 1789 at John Frederick Amelung’s New Bremen Glassworks in Frederick County, Md., and a decanter of about 1795 bearing an engraved American eagle.
- ACCESSIONS 11
The division of physical anthropology had an opportunity through collaborative studies to restore a badly crushed human skull which had been recovered by Dr. Fred Wendorf near Midland, Tex. This skull was found associated with Folsom type projectile points. Dr. T. Dale Stewart, curator of physical anthropology, who restored the skull, arranged with Dr. F. J. McClure of the National Institute of Dental Research to test the skull and associated Pleistocene animal bones for the amount of fluorine. On the basis of these tests and the excavation record, the age of this skull is considered to be around 12,000 years.
Zoology
The armed forces research teams operating in various parts of the world continued to make major contributions to the mammal collec. tions. Specimens of Korean mammals, including the Museum’s first collection from Quelpart Island, were transferred through the Hemor- rhagic Fever Commission from the Army Medical Service Graduate School. A transfer from Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 at Cairo included about 350 specimens from Egypt and the Sudan. The U.S. Army, through the 25th Preventive Medicine Survey Detach- ment, transferred a collection of specimens obtained by Capt. Gordon Field and C. M. Keenan in Panamé and the Canal Zone. Dr. Robert K. Enders contributed three separate collections of small mammals from Pakistan, the Island of Saipan in the Marianas, and Wyoming. An especially fine collection of dog and wolf skulls was included among specimens excavated from an aboriginal site on Southampton Island by Dr. Henry B. Collins, Bureau of American Ethnology, on the National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution-National Museum of Canada Expedition.
Most noteworthy among the accessions recorded by the division of birds was a gift of 1,255 bird skins from the “Benson Grubstakers” (a group of young men living in Panama who are interested in natural history) and the Panama Canal Natural History Society. A gift from Maj. Gen. G. R. Meyer, U.S. Army, of 119 sets of eggs with full data, largely from the Canal Zone, added important information to that already available on the breeding dates of Panamanian birds. A deposit made by the Smithsonian Institution comprised 959 skins, 54 skeletons, 2 alcoholics, and 1 set of eggs collected by Dr. A. Wetmore. The National Geographic Society presented a small but geograph- ically important collection of 131 birds obtained in French Equatorial Africa by Walter. A. Weber.
A considerable number of valuable herpetological specimens were accessioned as gifts: a type and 18 paratypes of a new species of frog taken in Jamaica by Dr. W. Gardner Lynn; 119 reptiles and amphib-
iy U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
ians from Virginia, including a type and paratypes of a new species of salamander, from Richard L. Hoffman; 8 reptiles from Puttur, Chittoor District, Madras, India, including a genus and 8 species not formerly contained in the Museum collection, presented by Rev. Erwin Chell. A transfer from the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 at Cairo yielded 390 Egyptian reptiles and amphibians.
The largest collection of fishes received during the year consisted of 2,341 specimens from freshwater streams in the southeastern United States collected for the Museum by Dr. Ernest Lachner and Frank J. Schwartz. Another large gift was composed of 1,813 reef fishes collected in the Gilbert Islands by the donor, John Randall. Addi- tional gifts included the holotype of a new scorpaenid fish from the eastern Pacific through John EK. Fitch; and the holotype of a new Monocentris from Mas-a-Tierra Island from Dr. Edwyn P. Reed, Valparaiso, Chile. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service transferred to the Museum the most important Atlantic collection received in several years, 983 fishes obtained by George C. Miller in Liberia. Through exchanges with other institutions the Museum received 6 paratypes of cyprinids from México through Dr. José Alvarez, Es- cuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas; the paratype of a frogfish, from the Chicago Natural History Museum through Loren P. Woods; and 3 paratypes of a Mexican catfish, from the Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables, through Dr. Jorge Caranza.
One of the most valuable acquisitions of insects received was the W. M. Mann collection, consisting of 136,288 specimens, of which over 116,000 are ants. Approximately 700 types and hundreds of species of ants from many areas in the world not previously represented in Washington were included in this group. Among the important transfers from the U. S. Department of Agriculture was the S. W. Bromley collection of well over 35,000 specimens. This accession, rich in material representative of the dipterous family Asilidae, places the Museum high on the list among the institutions possessing ex- tensive collections of these flies. Another transfer included 34,258 entomological specimens from the Department’s Laboratory of Forest Insects, New Haven, Conn. Over 9,000 medically important “black- flies” were received as a transfer from the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Two notable gifts greatly enhanced the collection of polychaete worms maintained by the division of marine invertebrates; 3,645 specimens, mostly from New England, including 3 holotypes and 3 paratypes from Dr. Marian Pettibone, University of New Hampshire, and more than 200 identified specimens from the Gold Coast, Africa, received from the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, through Dr. L. B. Holthuis. Twelve lots of octocorals were received
ACCESSIONS 13
from His Imperial Majesty’s collections, Laboratory of the Imperial Household, Tokyo, Japan. Other noteworthy gifts to the collections were 7 remarkable fossil sea-pens presented by Mr. H. G. Kugler, Pointe-a-Pierre, Trinidad, and 3 large balanoglossid worms from Grand Isle, La., given by Dr. Harry J. Bennett, Louisiana State Uni- versity. Three exchanges from Dr. Alejandro Villalobos F., Uni- versidad Nacional A. de México, brought 54 isopod and decapod crustaceans of which 34 were paratype specimens. Among the trans- fers was one from the Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Department of the Interior, which included more than 1,019 crustaceans and other invertebrates collected in the Gulf of Mexico by the exploratory fish- ing vessel Oregon under the direction of Stewart Springer.
The division of mollusks received types of seven new species of nudibranch mollusks described and presented by J. M. Ostergaard. From the Gulf of Mexico 34 specimens of gastropods, including the types of 3 new species, were donated by Daniel Steger. As in the past, Jeanne S. Schwengel gave many fine specimens to the Museum, including a specimen of the rare cowrie Cypraea armeniaca from South Australia. Of the year’s five accessions of helminths two are worthy of special mention because they brought types of two new species: Onchocotyle sommiosi, a trematode described by the donor, Dr. David Causey, and Gigantobilharzia huttoni, presented by the author, Dr. W. Henry Leigh.
The most important accession of corals is comprised of some 400 specimens from the Great Barrier Reef off Queensland, Australia, collected and donated by Dr. John W. Wells, Cornell University.
Botany
Two significant collections were obtained for the Museum by staff members: 2,850 specimens, largely grasses, in the States of San Luis Potosi and Chiapas, México, collected by Dr. Ernest R. Sohns, and 3,445 specimens from Big Pine Key, Fla., and Isle of Pines, Cuba, obtained by E. P. Killip, research associate.
Among the numerous collections received as gifts with names re- quested, one is especially noteworthy, 588 plants from the Herbario “Barbosa Rodriques,” Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The Ohio State University presented 4,084 plants of Guatemala collected by W. A. Kellerman many years ago, including numerous historically important specimens. KE. C. Leonard of the department staff donated his private herbarium consisting of approximately 9,300 specimens ac- cumulated over a period of many years.
Transfers from other government agencies yielded several fine collections : from the Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 983 specimens collected by Richard Evans Schultes in
14 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Colombia; 5,066 specimens collected in India, Afghanistan, and Iran by Walter Koelz; and a historic set of 575 central European crypto- gams, the Kryptogamae Germaniae Exsiccatae; from the U. S. Geo- logical Survey, 1,360 plants of Alaska with a request for identifica- tions; and 1,105 plants of Micronesia collected by F. R. Fosberg. The National Research Council through the Pacific Science Board trans- ferred 532 plants of the Caroline Islands collected by S. F. Glassman.
Important exchanges included 2,009 plants of México, Central America, and South America, from the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, collected by the late F. W. Pennell.
Geology
Outstanding gifts to the mineral collection are examples of the rare minerals hurlburtite and bismutotantalite from Prof. E. Tavora; rare iron and manganese phosphates from Finland from Dr. Mary Mrose; of superb specimen of crystallized wolframite from Korea from C. S. Whetzel; the rare uranium mineral kasolite, Hahn’s Peak, Colo., from C. R. Reddington; and a combination of the rare minerals schallerite and hedyphane, Franklin, N. J., from J. S. Albanese.
Included in the exhibition material added to the Roebling collection were a group of large flawless axinite crystals of smoky lavender color on actinolite from Madera County, Calif., a large benitoite crystal in neptunite from San Benito County, Calif., and a bastnaesite crystal from Madagascar weighing eleven pounds. A mass of native lead weighing 80 pounds is one of the largest masses of this rare mineral found at Langban, Sweden. A sharp dodecahedral crystal of grossu- larite of an unusual pink color is one of the largest crystals of this mineral known.
Among the outstanding exhibition specimens added to the Canfield collection were a rich nodule of precious turquoise from the mines at Villa Grove, Colo., a rare group of tourmaline crystals of bronze- ereen color from Brazil, and a fine exhibition group of apophyllite on prehnite from a newly discovered occurrence near Centreville, Va.
Gifts to the gem collection included a pink pearl from East Paki- stan, presented by the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali, and an outstanding collection of 33 cut tourmalines weighing 118 carats, from W. F. Ingram, selected to show the color range of this gem stone. An uncommon specimen received for the ore collection was the limb bone of a dinosaur partially replaced by uraninite, from the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Co. through T. O. Evans.
During the past year Dr. S. H. Perry donated 35 specimens of meteorites. Among them was a stone of the Sylacauga fall, weighing 1,682 grams. Another individual of this fall became celebrated as the first known case of a meteorite striking a person.
ACCESSIONS 15
The support of the Walcott fund again permitted staff members to obtain important accessions in invertebrate paleontology and paleo- botany. Specimens of Paleozoic invertebrates numbering 15,000 were collected by Dr. G. A. Cooper and Robert Main, and a very large group of Mesozoic and Tertiary Foraminifera from the classic locali- ties of Europe was obtained by Drs. A. R. Loeblich, Jr., and Helen Tappan Loeblich.
Particular mention is made of the gift of 2,000 specimens of Silurian and Devonian fossils from little known areas in New Bruns- wick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec received from Dr. Arthur Boucot; and 800 Triassic invertebrate fossils from the Italian Alps from Dr. Franco Rasetti. Important foraminiferal donations included 275 type specimens from the Cretaceous rocks of Cuba and Trinidad pre- sented by Dr. P. Bronnimann; and 320 slides of type Recent Forami- nifera and 305 foraminiferal slides from the North Atlantic from Dr. Fred Phleger. Another very valuable gift was presented by Drs. A. R. Loeblich, Jr., and Helen Tappan Loeblich of 1,000 micro- samples and 3,500,000 specimens of mounted Foraminifera, with many types, from the Cretaceous of Texas.
Through the Walcott fund a collection of about 600 specimens of rare Paleocene and Eocene mammals was obtained by Dr. C. L. Gazin and F. L. Pearce from southern Wyoming. Of particular interest were an excellent skull and some skeletal material of the large panto- dont mammal Coryphodon and two well preserved skulls of the condylarth mammal Weniscothertum. Under the same fund Dr. D. H. Dunkle collected fossil fish and reptile remains from Devonian, Triassic, and Cretaceous rocks of Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming. An outstanding gift was a nearly complete skull of the large sabre-tooth cat Smilodon fatalis, collected from the Pleistocene deposits of Texas by George Klett and presented to the Museum through James E. Conklin. A remarkable collection of about 750 otoliths of teleostean fishes from the Eocene lower Barton beds of Hampshire, England, and representing 22 genera and 28 species was given by Dr. F. C. Stinton.
Engineering and Industries
A turbine reputed to be the first built by Charles Curtis, America’s best known pioneer steam turbine inventor, was presented by the Stevens Institute of Technology. Original radio apparatus was re- ceived from the widow of Edwin Armstrong, comprising his regen- erative receiver made about 1912, three superheterodyne receivers, a super-regenerative circuit, and what is considered the oldest surviving frequency modulation receiver.
The Dodrill-GMR Mechanical Heart, the first to be used success- fully for the complete bypass of the human heart during surgery,
359492553
16 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
was presented by the General Motors Corporation through C. L. McCuen of the Research Laboratories Division. The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research gave the first Kinthoven string gal- vanometer made in the United States for an electrocardiograph. This was made in 1914 by Charles F. Hindle for Dr. Alfred E. Cohn. An electrocardiograph used by Dr. Frank E. Wilson, a pioneer in the field of electrocardiography, was presented by the University of Michigan.
Several hundred drawings mostly of the details of early Bessemer process steel plants made by the distinguished engineer, Alexander Lyman Holley, were the gift of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
An elaborately carved roller cotton gin from India was received from Mrs. Stanley M. Walker. A pink brocaded taffeta christening blanket, known to have been used in 1827, was presented by Faith Bradford, and a commemorative linen “We Offer Peace, Ready for War” was given in the name of Sibyl Avery Perkins, deceased, by her daughter, Mrs. Robert C. Johnson, Jr.
An unusual board section of curly yellow buckeye showing beauti- ful blue stain markings, was presented by Ray E. Cottrell of the Wood Collectors Society. Fifty microscope mounts of woods of the family Celastraceae were received from John A. Boole, Jr., and 20 woods and 20 corresponding mounts of the genus Garrya through Prof. J. BE. Adams, from the University of North Carolina.
A linoleum block print, “Le Coup de Vent” by Felix Vallotton (1865-1925), an important figure in the revival of the wood cut, was purchased through the Dahlgreen fund.
Two etchings by Giovanni Baptista Piranesi (1720-1778) “Veduta del Palazzo dell’ Academia” and “Veduta sul Monte Quirinale del Palazzo Eccelentissima” were received as Smithsonian Institution deposits. Hight etchings illustrating Homer’s Odyssey, by the well- known Polish artist Sigmund Lipinsky (1873-1940), were presented by Mrs. Elinita K. Burgess Lipinsky.
History
A very interesting specimen received in the division of civil history was a piano used in the White House during the administration of President John Quincy Adams. This piano, on loan from the Juil- hard School of Music in New York, is a very early one of American make and bears the type of label used between 1822-29 by Alphaeus Babcock, who worked in Boston.
A large collection of vases, andirons, and other ornamental pieces donated by Mrs. W. Murray Crane of New York City helped to com- plete the exhibition of almost every setting in the First Ladies Hall.
ACCESSIONS 17
As a loan the Museum received from B. Woodruff Weaver two gold sofas which were missing from the suite of White House furniture previously acquired. They had been sold at auction in 1902 by the White House and were recently acquired by the Barnes family of Washington.
Mrs. Dwight D. Eisenhower presented the gloves, evening purse, jewelry and slippers she wore with her inaugural dress. ‘These ac- cessories complement this unit for exhibition. Two fans and a blue and white Chinese porcelain vase belonging to Mrs. Herbert Hoover were presented by Mrs. Herbert Hoover, Jr. A hickory walking stick, inlaid in silver and bearing the name of Abraham Lincoln, was given by Samuel J. Prescott.
A gift to the division of military history from Joseph Cummings Chase contained 79 portraits of World War I officers and enlisted men, and one portrait of an enlisted man in service during the Korean conflict.
Outstanding among the accessions in the division of numismatics was the gift from Mrs. William D. (Gorgas) Wrightson of 43 award medals and decorations given to Dr. William Crawford Gorgas, 1854-1920, Sanitation Engineer for the Panama Canal Commission and later Surgeon General of the United States.
The Post Office Department has continued as the principal means whereby the philatelic collections are kept up to date, forwarding one specimen of each new stamp distributed by the Universal Postal Union. Three shipments totaling approximately 3,000 stamps were thus transferred. The Treasury Department, through the coopera- tion of T. Coleman Andrews, Commissioner of Internal Revenue, transferred an additional 49,642 specimens of United States revenue stamps and proofs.
Among gifts from private donors, especial mention is made of two additional collections of great value from Ernest Lowenstein. One collection consists of four volumes of Honduras airmails, replete with rarities, and the other of a 3-volume collection of Paraguay airmails.
Care of Collections
SPECIMENS ACCESSIONED, IDENTIFIED, AND DISTRIBUTED— FISCAL YEAR 1955
Trans-
Gifts to ferred Loaned for Submitied Exchanged educa- to other study to in- or with other tional Govern- vestigators Received in identifi- Identified institu- institu- ment and insti-
Department accessions cation on request tions tions agencies tutions Anthropology . 34,450 2,679 2,679 2 119 0 839 Zoology .. . 363, 500 40,985 32,396 3,073 2, 546 88 82, 333 Botany .. . 58,526 11,472 8,557 16, 632 858 O 15,125 Geology . . . *7,056,121 4,355 4,272 3,006 15,398 412 7, 460 Eng. & Ind. . 5, 609 810 795 94 48 0 335 History ... 78,440 20,361 20, 351 165 0 0 3, 374
TotaL. 7,596,646 80,662 69,050 22,972 18,969 500 109, 466
* Consists chiefly of foraminiferan specimens collected in Europe during the previous year.
Anthropology
Storage space for new anthropological accessions continues to be a problem of first importance, since it has now become necessary to divide large incoming shipments and to store them wherever space can be found. This fragmentation not only makes systematic classifi- eation all but impossible but also increases the possibility of confusion.
In the division of archeology a large proportion of the time of the laboratory aid was devoted to numbering and cleaning new accessions, and to washing specimens from Ecuador. Consequently, only a rather limited amount of work was carried forward on the long-term program of reworking and condensing the study collections from various states. Nevertheless, the archeological collections from Missouri were checked, sorted, and regrouped, and in some cases a certain amount of renumber- ing and restoration could be undertaken. By means of this and the shifting of other material it was possible to free a small amount of storage space.
Owing to the transfer of large shipments from the Smithsonian River Basin Surveys, the processing of these collections has been a major operation of the year. Many of these collections are from lo- calities not heretofore represented in the national collections; and in many instances they are the only materials now extant from sites and
18
CARE OF COLLECTIONS 19
localities submerged by reservoirs constructed under the federal water- control program. G.S. Metcalf, museum aide, is proceeding with the task of sorting and listing these specimens.
The Mexican archeological study materials have now all been moved to the attic. Through this and other shifting of collections and work facilities the archeological laboratory has gained increased working space and processing facilities. Structural work was completed on the storage racks located on the fourth rotunda floor, and both the racks and the drawers were painted.
During the year Assistant Curator Robert A. Elder, Jr., and Museum Aide George McBryde were confronted with the tremendous task of removing thousands of ethnological objects that had been displayed in the American Indian hall scheduled for modernization. These specimens were segregated and placed in the classified study series.
A. Joseph Andrews, chief preparator in the anthropological labora- tory, completed various tasks including the making of a latex mold of the Midland human skull, the latter dating from between 10,000 and 20,000 years ago, assisting with the refurbishing of the life size groups in hall 11, supervising the cleaning and reframing of 47 paintings by George Catlin, and repairing early American stoneware for a special exhibition. He also prepared a bust of Mrs. Hisenhower for the De- partment of History, to be used in displaying Mrs. Kisenhower’s gown in the new First Ladies hall.
Zoology
The completion of a large refrigerated fur-storage room, in which the tanned skins of large ungulates and carnivores are now installed, marks one of the greatest advances in storage facilities made available to the division of mammals in recent years. The merger of the Fish and Wildlife Service collection and that of the Museum was advanced during the year by the rearrangement and relabeling of most of the skins and skulls of primates. A major step in solving the continu- ing problem of caring for embalmed or pickled specimens of large and medium-sized mammals was taken when a series of old and unsatis- factory crocks and barrels was replaced with 10 wooden tanks lined with monel metal. The new installation increased considerably the space available for storage. Toward the close of the year a start was made on rearranging and indexing the entire collection of alcoholic and embalmed mammals, and all skeletal material.
The merger last year of the Fish and Wildlife Service bird collection with that of the Museum necessitated considerable relabeling of the storage cases and the more critical rearrangement of the specimens of a few difficult groups. This has now been completed. The reidentifi- cation and relabeling of all specimens, where needed, were continued
20 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
by division personnel, assisted by Dr. J. W. Aldrich and A. J. Duvall of the Fish and Wildlife Service.
The adoption of monel-lined wooden tanks also facilitated the care of the large alcoholic turtles, lizards, and crocodilians. The collection of skeletons and other dried materials in the attic was examined for signs of deterioration and all dry turtle shells were coated with a cement designed to keep the scales in place. Processing and arrange- ment of the large backlog of uncataloged fishes awaits the completion of the new storage room.
Although the insect material in the permanent collections is in excellent condition the majority of the groups are so overcrowded that the need for storage equipment is readily apparent. The largest task accomplished during the year was the labeling of the Mann collection, which is now being incorporated, insofar as space permits, into the Museum collection. The labeling of 10,350 specimens of the Shannon collection of Brazilian Diptera and the labeling and incorporation of the Korschefsky collection of Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) were completed. The remainder of the Smythe collection and much of the ¥. M. Jones collection (both moths and butterflies) were also added.
Special attention was given this year to the dry invertebrate col- Jections. All the dry echinoderms on the ground fioor and all the mis- cellaneous dry material in the attic were treated with paradichloro- benzene, a time-consuming task that involved the opening of hundreds of individual specimen boxes to insert the crystals. In addition, most of the faulty specimen bottles in the alcoholic collections were ex- tracted and replaced with aluminum capped bottles, and all leaky earthenware crocks were removed from the storage stacks and their contents placed in recently provided monel-lined wooden tanks.
In general, the physical condition of the study collection of mollusks is good, but there remains a large number of cataloged lots that should be incorporated in it. Further progress was made in the reor- ganization of the marine mollusks of the eastern Atlantic, initiated three years ago. The helminth slide and alcoholic collections, curated by the Animal Disease and Parasite Branch of the Agricultural Re- search Service, continues in excellent shape, but the backlog of uncata- loged material increases yearly. In recent years there have been added to this backlog the Van Cleave, Henry B. Ward, and George LaRue collections. The study collection of corals was relocated on the second floor in order to release space for exhibition purposes.
Considerable time is spent each year by the exhibits staff and taxi- dermists making up and renovating skins and cleaning skeletons for the divisions concerned with the care of the vertebrate collections other than fishes. During the year 17 mammals were skinned and
CARE OF COLLECTIONS PA
made up; 81 birds were skinned, in part degreased, and all made up; 4 birds were mounted; 2 Galapagos turtles were skinned and made up; and 6 alligator eggs were blown. For mammals, 2,255 skulls and 16 complete skeletons were cleaned ; for birds, 2 skulls and 110 skeletons were cleaned.
Botany
The portion of the herbarium in which the type specimens are housed has been expanded sufficiently this year to give temporary relief from overcrowding. A number of new bookcases has permitted the expansion and rearrangement of the Hitchcock and Chase Library and the department library, but expansion of the general herbarium has been delayed pending the delivery of a sufficient number of storage cases.
The major activities in caring for the permanent collections and the processing of new material are summarized in the following table:
1958-1954 1954-1965
SHECIMENS! MOUNTECCE we ue pe be uchiks oh see ey Lo. Dee 35,124 35,176 SPECIMENS EPAITEC. caw! Ayes ecunsqity, crise ph hotom clgihe 2, 410 3, 550 Specimens stamped and recorded. ........ 37,338 40,085 Specimens incorporated in herbarium ....... 22,9387 42, 895 Photographs; mounted\y a. Sel .rsigoel ies eee - 99 299
Type specimens continue to be found in the general collections and incoming material. This year 525 types were segregated and added to the type herbarium, which now contains 54,928 types, including 38,688 phanerogams, 9,831 grasses, 3,277 ferns, and 3,132 cryptogams.
The Hitchcock and Chase Library was increased by the addition of 18 publications, making a total of 7,067. The grass species index now contains 79,597 cards, 727 having been added during the year.
Geology
Franklin L. Pearce, exhibits preparator, has completed preparation of the collections of Paleocene and Eocene mammals from Wyoming which he and Dr. Gazin have collected during past field seasons. The appointment of Donald Guadagni to the laboratory staff permitted the preparation of lower vertebrate fossils, including the difficult and delicate cleaning of the rare embolomerous amphibian skull received in 1954. The entire Bison Basin Paleocene collection assembled in 1954 was cataloged.
Improvement in the segregation and arrangement of the early Ter- tiary mammal collections and progress in the preparation of speci- mens of lower vertebrate fossils have been achieved. A backlog of preparation still exists, however, in the lower vertebrates and certain
22, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
mammal remains transferred from the Smithsonian River Basin Surveys.
The great bulk of invertebrate material in the collections and the small staff available to organize and arrange the collections restrict the progress that can be made in reducing the backlog of unassimi- lated material. The fossil sponge collection has benefited by the work of Robert Finks, a graduate student of Columbia University, who has undertaken some reorganization to facilitate his own research.
The large accumulation of foraminiferal material on hand, resulting from collecting by Dr. A. R. Loeblich, Jr., is gradually being sorted and arranged. With the help of Curtis G. Mudgett, Francois Lascak, and Joan Bennett, many samples have been washed and concentrated, but a great many more remain to be processed.
Since the completion of his monograph on Chazyan and related brachiopods, Dr. G. A. Cooper has incorporated the large quantity of described materials in their appropriate places in the biological col- lections. In connection with his studies on Permian brachiopods, he has continued the sorting, selection, and condensation of the Permian invertebrate collection. Approximately 300 drawers of specimens have been sorted and about the same number remains to be done.
Dr. David Nicol has undertaken the reorganization of the Paleozoic pelecypod collection. This collection has never had a specialist to supervise it and consequently is in much need of revision and modern systematic arrangement.
Dr. J. B. Knight has, with the help of Drs. Roger Batten and Ellis Yochelson, reorganized the fossil gastropod collection and revised and corrected the generic arrangement. The arrangement of the species still remains to be completed.
In mineralogy the expansion necessitated by the rapid growth of the study collections of minerals was completed by James H. Benn and Robert Jones.
Frank Holden reports the work of the lapidary shop as follows: 388 specimens of rocks, minerals, and ores cut and polished; 18 meteorites cut, polished, and etched; 98 thin sections prepared, and 29 plaster bases for mineral specimens cast and painted. Eight visi- tors interested in polishing techniques visited the lapidary shop.
Engineering and Industries
The care of collections in the department of engineering and in- dustries was complicated during the year by the impact of the pro- erams of building renovation and modernization of exhibits. Among the resulting problems which the staff of the department met and solved were: the moving of collections in the storage court to provide working space for the mechanics, and the temporary storage there
CARE OF COLLECTIONS 23
cf mechanic’s equipment; the moving of collections on exhibit to permit painting and the installation of lighting ; the removal and stor- age of exhibited material in the power machinery hall, the health hall, and the “chapel” to prepare for exhibits modernization; the shifting of offices and laboratories to provide enough space to set up an exhibits shop.
Organization of the reference collection of the division of engi- neering in the storage court was continued. The metrology section is being centralized on the third floor of the storage court, and the tool collection on the first floor. Considerable improvement was made in locating and in recording the locations of the reference collection material. In connection with the restoration of the power hall, a number of damaged and incomplete models were repaired and restored.
Restoration of automobiles and other vehicles has been the subject of discussion with prospective sponsors, and as a first step, the 1903 Cadillac has been removed for renovation.
Orville Hagans of Denver, Colo., is assisting by repairing in his shop two of the Museum’s most interesting timekeepers, an organ clock and a Wenzel air clock. Dr. W. Barclay Stephens and Fred Rau of Alameda, Calif., have continued to assist the Museum in clean- ing, repairing, and documenting watches in the timekeeping collection.
Ralph E. Cropley of New York City spent several weekends and holidays in the Museum during the past year adding material to the outstanding collection of ship illustrations and data which he has presented.
In preparation for the installation of new exhibits in graphic arts, about 250 specimens were removed from exhibition cases in the “chapel” and placed in storage. More than 450 damaged and other- wise poor objects were eliminated. About 150 prints were matted for better preservation. Selma Perry, clerk stenographer, improved the card catalog reference file for the etching collection. About 500 etch- ings formerly carded only by number were located and new entries made of the titles and etchers. In the section of photography a 5-ton air conditioning unit was installed in the workroom, print-storage, and print-library suite of the section of photography. Prints and rare books are now kept under constant temperature and humidity control. About 150 photographic specimens were removed from the northwest gallery and placed in the storage court.
The project of organizing and classifying the materia-medica col- lection, which was begun last year, has now been completed. All specimens have been filed alphabetically into approximately 155 stor- age drawers, the drawers labeled, and the specimens now await move- ment to the new storage area. The students from two of Dr. Phillip V. Hammond’s pharmacognosy classes, Howard University College of
D4 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Pharmacy, aided measurably in this project by assisting in the filing of the specimens. All specimens in the reference storage collections have been classified and grouped together by subject and moved to the storage court. During the year 527 specimens were condemned, 159 specimens were transferred to other divisions, and 52 returned to donors.
An interesting sampler received this year in badly soiled condition was restored in the section of textiles. The canvas background ap- peared dark brown instead of natural tan and, when wet, the wool canvas was extremely weak and the colors in the silk embroidery bled. The sampler was placed for cleaning on several thicknesses of ab- sorbent cloth. By using a small paint brush to wet only a very small area at each working period, the soil was flushed through the canvas and absorbed by the expendable absorbent cloth. Identification and mounting of textile specimens in the Museum collection by students of the University of Maryland, a project initiated in 1953, was continued, and 391 specimens were identified and mounted this year.
The projected renovation of the health gallery necessitated a re- examination of a large number of specimens, stored on the gallery, from the former section of foods. Certain of these were selected for retention and the remainder are being held for disposal.
Many duplicates from the large Krukoff collection of Brazilian woods, previously stored in several places, were brought together; and 200 recently received woods were cut and numbered.
History
The work of restoring and refinishing the specimens to be exhibited in the new First Ladies Hall overshadowed all other work in preserva- tion of the collections of the division of civil history. It was neces- sary to wash, clean, polish all the silver, china, glassware and other ornamental pieces used in the alcove cases and the rooms. Lach dress in the collection was repaired, pressed, and renovated and each man- nequin was painted to improve its appearance. The furniture in- stalled in the cases was cleaned, oiled, polished, and in some instances refinished before being placed in the new setting. Necessary repair work was done in the cabinet shop by Ewald O. Bankmann and the refinishing of the pieces by Wilbert Perry, laborer, working under the supervision of Museum Aide Frank E. Klapthor.
Special attention might be called to the crest of the mirror owned by the Washington family which is exhibited in the first room. Mr. Bankmann made the necessary repairs on pieces of the crest which were in storage and restored them so that they could be placed at the top of the mirror. Benjamin Lawless cleaned the frame and the
CARE OF COLLECTIONS 25
original parts of the crest, gold-leafed the new parts of the crest, and antiqued the new gold leaf to match the old. This restoration was completed so successfully that comparison of the mirror with a photo- graph taken before restoration is required to detect the restored parts.
In the division of military and naval history, the usual precautions against damage by insects were taken. The completion of the storage area over the new First Ladies Hall will allow the removal of civil history material to this area, freeing two storage rooms on the west gallery for military and naval history. Some of the very large and heavy specimens which will not be exhibited in the near future were placed in storage.
The usual problems encountered in maintaining numismatic ex- hibits are caused by dirt, fading, tarnishing, heat, and insects. Most of the 109 exhibit cases in the coin hall are well over 100 years old (they were made in 1838 for the coin room of the United States Mint, in Philadelphia), but they are probably as satisfactory as any but the more modern cases which are provided with ventilation.
A start has been made in the program of remounting philatelic specimens, though of necessity this has had to be secondary to consid- eration of their preservation. The United States section has been completely removed from display, examined for damage, and placed in new stockbooks. Specimens have been examined by such authori- ties as Julius Stolow, Finbar Kenny, Robert Meyersburg, and others for accuracy of classification and for condition. The entire United States section is now being remounted and will soon be placed on clisplay.
Investigation and Research
Anthropology
Physical Anthropology.—Plans for the curator of physical anthro- pology, Dr. T. Dale Stewart, to study skeletal aging based on the remains of American soldiers killed in North Korea matured during the summer of 1954. At the request of the Department of the Army, Dr. Stewart was engaged for 414 months on this project. While in Japan he examined a series of 450 skeletons and recorded a com- prehensive series of measurements. The data obtained include casts and photographs of skeletal elements regarded as critical in the aging process. These records and casts were forwarded to Washington, and arrangements were made with the Office of the Quartermaster General to have an anthropologist detailed to aid in their analysis.
In a study of trephined Inca skulls, Dr. Stewart was attracted by the signs of osteitis sometimes surrounding the surgical openings in the bone. From his observations, both here and in Pera, Dr. Stewart concluded that the pattern of osteitis is indicative of the extent of the primitive surgical opening through the scalp and may have resulted from remedies applied to the bone.
In addition to his research activities, Dr. Stewart served as one of the American delegates to the Third Inter-American Conference on Indian Life, which met in La Paz, Bolivia, August 2-13, 1954; he represented the Smithsonian Institution at the 31st Inter-American Congress of Americanists which met at Sao Paulo, Brazil, August 22-28, 1954; and he was elected president of the American Institute of Human Paleontology.
Associate Curator Marshall T. Newman completed a paper entitled “The Significance of Racial and Ecological Factors in Public Health Studies of South American Indians,” which was presented in Spanish at the Third Inter-American Conference on Indian Life. For a report by J. D. Jennings, G. R. Willey, and himself, “The Indian Mounds at Ormand Beach, Florida,” he prepared a section on skeletal material. He also completed the basic work on a study of the relationship of body surface in man to climate. This study is based on original measurements taken by Dr. C. R. Jones on the Wai-Wai Indians of British Guiana, and on comparable material in the literature.
26
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH Di
Archeology.—Curator Waldo R. Wedel completed three manu- scripts, two of them in co-authorship. Under the title of “Changing Settlement Patterns in the Great Plains,” he reviewed archeological and ethnohistorical data on the native occupations of the North American Plains during the past 10,000 years, outlined the develop- ment of cultures from the earliest hunting through the foraging to the corn-growing peoples, and pointed out the environmental and other factors probably responsible for the observed changes in settle- ment patterns. In another paper, prepared jointly with Marvin F. Kivett and entitled “Additional Data on the Woodruff Ossuary (14PH4), Phillips County, Kansas,” he supplemented the site report in River Basin Surveys Paper No. 3 with data that include a carbon-14 date of A. D. 611+240 and an identification of trees from charred wood samples found in the burial site. The date is of interest because it is the first determination made from material identifiable with a defined Plains Woodland culture horizon, the antiquity of which has heretofore been uncertain. The trees suggest a marginal hardwood forest not substantially different from those of today. Dr. Wedel also added historical and ethnohistorical data to his continuing investi- gation of Kansas archeology.
He also prepared, with George B. Griffenhagen, curator of medi- cine and public health, a paper, “An English Balsam Among the Dakota Aborigines,” which deals with the appearance in archeological sites of dated bottles that contained an early patent medicine, Tur- lington’s Balsam of Life.
Associate Curator Clifford Evans and Dr. Betty J. Meggers, honor- ary research associate, participated in the South American archeology section of the 31st International Congress of Americanists. They presented four papers: ‘“Filiacdes das Culturas da Ilha de Marajo,” by Betty J. Meggers, “Filiagoes das Culturas do Territorio do Amapa, Brasil,” by Clifford Evans, and in joint authorship “Preliminary Results of Archeological Investigations in British Guiana” and “Cul- ture Areas in South America, an Archeological Point of View.”
During September and October 1954, Drs. Evans and Meggers conducted stratigraphic archeological excavations in three major areas of the Guayas Basin of Ecuador. This field work, carried cut in collaboration with Sr. Emilio Estrada of Guayaquil, made it possible to place his extensive collections into a chronological sequence on the basis of deep stratigraphic excavations in village site refuse deposits. On their return to Washington they completed their classification and description of the 50,000 pottery sherds obtained from the 1952-53 archeological investigations in British Guiana.
George Metcalf, museum aid, completed a report, “Sites in and about Fort Berthold Reservation, Garrison Reservoir, North Dakota,” which
28 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
is concerned with field investigations made for the Missouri Valley Project of the Smithsonian River Basin Surveys. A second report “Additional Data from the Dodd and Philip Ranch Sites, South Dakota,” describes a number of artifact types recognized by him among materials from this site transferred to the national collections.
Neil M. Judd, research associate, carried forward his analysis of materials collected in Chaco Canyon for the National Geographic Society and has nearly completed his report on the material culture of the Pueblo del Arroyo site.
Hthnology.—Curator Herbert W. Krieger completed a study on the Lucayan Indians of Bahama Island that is based on materials recoy- ered by the Ernest N. May-Smithsonian Expedition in 1936-87, and on contemporary historical documentation. Additional research by the curator now in progress includes a study of historical Indian tribes of the Antilles and of historic Indian village sites associated with the first voyage of Columbus and with La Isabela, the first planned Spanish settlement in the New World.
Associate Curator John C. Ewers prepared a paper, on the methods and procedures followed in exhibits modernization of the Museum’s new American Indian hall. The paper was read before the Wenner- Gren Conference on Museum Problems, held at the University of Pennsylvania. He has also completed the groundwork for a paper on the George Catlin collection of paintings of North American Indians of the West, based on these paintings in the U. S. National Museum.
Associate Curator C. Malcolm Watkins devoted 6 weeks to a study of colonial ceramics at the National Park Service Laboratory at Jamestown, Va., under a grant from the Jamestown-Williamsburg- Yorktown Celebration Commission. This investigation is intended to throw light on colonial culture and to serve as a standard for archeologists specializing in the excavation of historic village sites. In a paper prepared for publication in the magazine Antiques, Mr. Watkins described, from specimens in the Old Sturbridge Village collection, the characteristic lighting devices of New England rural towns in the early 1800’s.
Research by visiting investigators.—During the year 4,189 visitors requested information and conferred with staff members on anthro- pological problems; 4,262 letters were written, and 11,535 telephonic inquiries were answered.
Among the distinguished visitors and scientists from foreign countries who used the collections were the following:
Dr. Yuzuro Okada, Hditor of the Jap-| Dr. D. Diringer, University of Cam- anese Journal of BHthnology and bridge, England: American Indian
Professor of Hthnology at the Univer- pictographic writing.
>
sity of Tokyo: Hthnology of Formosa. J ¥
INVESTIGATION
Mrs. Hilda Raj, Tamil ethnologist: Comparative kinship terminologies. W. G. Fagg, Africanist, British Mu-
seum: West African wood sculptures.
Kamal el Malakh, Cairo, Egypt, dis- eoverer of the solar boat of Cheops.
Dr. Zakaria Goneim, Cairo, Egypt, dis- coverer of a Third Dynasty pyramid.
Dr. Carlos Gonzilez N., Director, Insti- stitute of Botanical and Zoological Investigations, Santo Domingo Uni- versity.
Marius Barbeau, National Museum, Ot- tawa, Canada: pictographie art; arts and crafts of the Pacific Northwest Coast Indians.
AND RESEARCH 29
Ricardo HE. Alegria, Director, Museo de la Universidad, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico: Conferred on the archeology and ethnology of the Taino Indians.
Thor Heyerdahl: Comparison of his archeological specimens from the Galapagos Islands with our type col- lections from the Viri Valley, Pert.
Antonio Krapovickas, Ministry of Agri- eulture of Argentina: Study of the archeological peanut specimens from Perti and Chile.
Drs. EH. E. Johns, Kingston, Ontario, and David J. E. Mitchell, Peterborough, Ontario: Dental occlusion in Indian and Hskimo skulls.
Zoology
Mammals.—Two major studies were brought to completion during the year and notable progress was made cn other long-term projects. Dr. David H. Johnson, acting curator, continued his studies of eastern Asiatic mammals and, at the request of the Commission on Hemor- rhagic Fever, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, and with the assistance of Lt. J. Knox Jones, Jr., U. S. A., he undertook a review of Korean mammals based mainly on specimens collected by Army field teams between 1952 and 1954.
Associate Curator Henry W. Setzer, submitted for publication his final report on mammals from the Anglo-EKgyptian Sudan. This thorough study of the fauna of the Sudan increased the number of known genera of land mammals of that area, other than bats, from 30 to 50; 29 species and subspecies were found to be new. Consider- able progress on a similar report on Kgyptian mammals, also collected by Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, was made by Dr. Setzer.
Associate Curator Charles O. Handley, Jr., completed a revision of the American plecotine bats, a contribution providing the first clear indication of the relationship of recent New World species to the Old World and fossil forms. He also completed a report on the mammals of the Dismal Swamp for the Virginia Academy of Sciences, made further progress on a systematic study of the mammals of the Kala- hari Desert of South-West Africa, the mammals of the high Arctic, the marsupials of Central America, and the bats of the genus Dasyp- terus. During the year Dr. Handley completed the requirements for a doctorate in zoology from the University of Michigan and in June was granted the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Birds.—Curator Herbert Friedmann completed a paper on parasitic reproduction in African cuckoos, based on information assembled since the publication in 1948 of his book on this subject, and completed
30 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
2 report dealing with a recently discovered drawing of the extinct Mauritian dodo and with the evidence his study brought to light con-
erning the early observers and illustrators of this bird. His investi- gation of the digestion of beeswax by honey-g ides, pursued under a special grant from the Guggenheim Foundation, revealed that the splitting of the wax is due to microorganisms flourishing in the intes- tines of the birds and not to any avian enzymes. It is now known that there is a synergistic relation between the two wax-splitting micro- organisms discovered. Dr. Friedmann also worked on the second volume of the “Birds of Mexico” and on the fifth edition of “A. O. U. Check List of North American Birds,” and revised part of the manu- script on the birds of Gaboon, a study made jointly with Dr. A. L. Rand of the Chicago Natural History Museum.
Associate Curator Horbort G Deignan brought the manuscript of his critical catalog of the type specimens of birds in the Museum up to date and continued his studies on the birds of Thailand, revising various groups of species where new data or additional specimens made such action necessary. So far he has completed the accounts of
I] the non-passerine groups.
Germen * Bond muse-m side. revised the ‘dentifications and the semenelot re fer a forthcoming ‘taxonomic publication on the birds of Maryland) Dr. We*more, research associate. who collected over 1,000 specimens during his 3 months’ field trip to Panama this year, continued his work on the fifth edition of the “A. O. U. Check List of North American Birds” and also studied the Panamanian and Colom- bian collections of birds he has amassed during the past 15 years.
Reptiles and Amphibians.—The catalog of type material in the Museum division of reptiles and amphibians, being prepared by Dr. Doris M. Cochran, associate curator, nears completion; it will contain about 2,000 names of types, references to the original de- scriptions, present synonyms, and a list of cotypes and paratypes in the national collections. Work on the monographic account of the frogs of western Brazil awaits the arrival of additional material from the University of Sao Paulo. Dr. Cochran’s report on the frogs of southeastern Brazil was published and distributed on June 22, 1955.
Fishes.—Drs. Leonard P. Schultz, curator, and Ernest A. Lachner, associate curator, continued work on volume 2 of “The Fishes of the Marshall and Marianas Islands.” At the end of the year this volume, which now includes 32 families, 110 genera, and 265 species, was 92 percent complete. Two papers, “The Golden Tetra, a New Species of Hemigrammus from British Guiana” and “Know Your Australian Rainbowfishes,” were published by Dr. Schultz during the year. Three others were completed and submitted for publication: “Re- vision of the Parrotfishes, Family Scaridae, of the World”; “Hand- book of Tropical Aquarium Fishes” (with H. A. Axelrod); and “A
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 31
new Pinecone Fish, Monocentris reedi, from Chile, a New Family Record for the Eastern Pacific.” About 90 percent completed is a world-wide revision of the frogfishes, family Antennariidae.
Dr. Lachner published one paper, “Inquilinism and a New Record for Paramia bipunctata, a Cardinalfish from the Red Sea,” and com- pleted two others: “Populations of the Berycoid Fish Family Poly- mixiidae” and “a Revision of the Shark-Suckers, Family Echene- idae.” During September 1954 Dr. Lachner, assisted by Frank Schwartz of the University of Pittsburgh, collected several thousand fishes and a number of crayfish in promotion of his projected study of the fresh-water fishes of the mountain streams of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia. He was also granted a John Simon Guggen- heim Memorial Fellowship for a 4-months’ study of certain tropical marine fishes in European museums; and was elected vice-president of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.
Robert H. Kanazawa, biological aide, has expanded to include re- lated genera his world revision of the eel genus Conger, which he has had under way for the past two years.
Imsects.—Curator J. F. Gates Clarke completed a revision of the Neotropical moths of the genus Orthocomotis and continued with his study of the Meyrick types of Microlepidoptera in the British Mu- seum of Natural History, of which the first two volumes of the even- tual six appears during the year. Also in progress are his studies of the Microlepidoptera of the Juan Fernandez Islands (Chile) and of Micronesia, and his revision of the American moths of the family Phaloniidae. Dr. Clarke in May 1955 started an extended field trip to the Pacific Northwest
Associate Curator O. L. Cartwright completed an extensive revision of the scarab beetles of the genus Psammodius and made further progress with his studies of the beetles of the genus Ataenius and of the genus Onthophagus, suspected of being the intermediate hosts of parasites of domestic animals. Also in progress are reports on the Scarabaeidae of Micronesia and of Bimini.
Associate Curator William D. Field continued his studies of the Neotropical Lycaenidae (Theclinae) (hair streaks) and the genera Constachila, Phulia, Piercolias, and Baltica (Pieridae). Miss Grace Glance pursued her study of the Isotomidae.
Marine Inveriebrates.—Curator Fenner A. Chace, Jr., prepared a report on the decapod and stomatopod crustaceans of Los Roques and the neighboring islands of Venezuela, based on collections received from the Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, in Caracas. He also compiled a list of certain crustaceans identified from collections made by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service vessel Oregon in the Gulf of Mexico from 1950 through 1954. His study of the porcellanid crabs of West Africa, in progress since 1948, is nearing completion.
359492554
3, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Associate Curator Frederick M. Bayer completed five manuscripts, chiefly on the octocorallians, including a chapter on the Octocorallia for the “Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology.” In June 1955 he joined an expedition to the Palau Islands sponsored jointly by the George Vanderbilt Foundation and the Office of Naval Research. Mr. Bayer will be responsible for the invertebrate investigations of the expedition during a 4-months’ stay on Koror.
Associate Curator Thomas E. Bowman completed two manuscripts since joining the staff in August 1954, one on a new copepod from the northeastern Pacific and the other a description of a new species of the isopod genus Chiridotea. Dr. Bowman is currently engaged in an extensive study of the calanoid copepods collected off the southeastern United States by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife vessel Theodore N. Gull.
Clarence R. Shoemaker, associate in zoology, completed 5 manu- scripts during his 81st year, and is now occupied with a revision of the amphipods of the family Haustoriidae.
Dr. J. Percy Moore, collaborator, who is still actively working on the morphology and systematics of leeches at the age of 86, during the year edited with Marvin C. Meyer a translation from the Russian of an extensive treatise on leeches by W. D. Selensky. Dr. Moore is currently working on the anatomy and systematics of some leeches from the Museum and the University of Natal, South Africa, as well as on a large collection of leeches, mostly of the genus Helobddella, from Lake Titicaca.
Mrs. Mildred S$. Wilson, collaborator in copepod Crustacea, has completed two manuscripts on new species of copepods of the genus Diaptomus, from Louisiana, and is preparing a taxonomic report on the copepods of Lake Pontchartrain.
During the year, 23 specialists in other institutions undertook to identify material of various groups of invertebrates for the Museum. The individuals who so kindly rendered this service and the groups on which they work are:
Dr. Donald P. Abbott: Tunicates.
Dr. A. Weir Bell: Oligochaete worms.
Dr. David Causey : Oligochaete worms.
Mrs. May Belle Chitwood: Nemato- morph worms.
Dr. Elisabeth Deichmann: rians.
Mr. A. Goldberg: Nematomorph worms.
Dr. Olga Hartman: Polychaete worms.
Dr. Willard D. Hartman: Sponges.
Dr. Dora P. Henry: Barnacles.
Dr. Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.: Crayfishes.
Dr. Libbie H. Hyman: Flatworms.
. Paul L. Illg: Copepod crustaceans.
Dr. Karl Lang: Tanaid crustaceans.
Holothu-
Dr. J. G. Mackin: Isopod crustaceans.
Dr. Marvin C. Meyer: Leeches.
Dr. Milton A. Miller: Isopod ecrusta- ceans.
Dr. Edith E. Mortensen: Protozoans,
Dr. Raymond C. Osburn: Bryozoans.
Dr. Marian H. Pettibone: Polychaete worms.
Dr. Edward G. Reinhard: Rhizocepha- lan crustaceans.
Mr. Bryce C. Walton: Leeches.
Dr. John W. Wells: Hydrocorals.
Dr. Austin B. Williams: Decapod crus- taceans.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 33
Mollusks.—Curator Harald A. Rehder made progress on his revi- sion of the superfamily Pyramidellacea for the “Treatise of Inverte- brate Paleontology.”
Associate Curator J. P. E. Morrison continued his studies on the families Ellobiidae, Cyclophoridae, and Amphicyclotidae of America, and worked on the Hydrobiidae.
Dr. R. Tucker Abbott, associate curator, was occupied, until his resignation in November to accept a position at the Academy of Nat- ural Sciences of Philadelphia, with researches on the Assimineidae of the western Pacific.
Research by visiting investigators.—In addition to investigators from Federal agencies located in the Washington area, more than 180 professional biologists and students with an interest in systematic zoology paid one or more visits to the offices and laboratories of the department, some staying for considerable time. Among the foreign visitors and their fields of interest were the following:
Dr. Kamal Wassif, Ibrahim University, ; Dr. A. Villalobos F., Universidad Na-
Department of Zoology, Abbassiah cional A. de México: Crayfishes. (Cairo), Hgypt: Mammals of Hgypt | Dr. Paulo Erichsen de Oliveira, Depart:
and adjacent areas. mento Nacional da Producio Min-
Kaiser Makram, Cairo, Egypt: Mam- eral, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Fossil malogical techniques. mollusks of Brazil.
Dr. Albert Hochbaum, Delta, Canada:| Dr. Denise Mongin, Muséum National Bird records and library. d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France:
Dr. W. H. Phelps, Caracas, Venezuela : Miocene mollusks of the Hast Coast Venezuelan birds. of North America.
Prof. H. Steiner, Zurich, Switzerland:| Dr. Takashi Ino, Tokai Regional Fish- Anatomy of birds. eries Research Laboratory, Tokyo,
Ting-ping Koh, Taiwan Teachers Col- Japan: Abalones (Haliotidae) and lege, Formosa: Tuna fish. starfishes of the Pacific.
Dr. Hubert J. Squires, Newfoundland |} Dr. 8S. Yamaguchi, Kyoto University, Fisheries Research Station ;: Decapod Japan: Helminths. crustaceans,
Botany
Phanerogams.—Curator A. C. Smith prepared and submitted for publication a report on his most recent Fijian explorations, and also a discussion of the significance of the phanerogam genera that have distributions terminating in Fiji. Between April 15 and June 30 he was transferred to the staff of the National Science Foundation to act as Program Director for Systematic Biology during the absence from that position of Dr. William C. Steere. Dr. Smith was elected to serve as president of the American Society of Plant Taxonomists.
Dr. L. B. Smith, associate curator, has continued his studies toward a Flora of Colombia by the publication of a paper, “Revisio Vio- lacearum Colombiae,” in joint authorship with Dr. A. Fernandez-
34 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Pérez, of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Bogota. He has nearly completed a manuscript treating the more than 350 species of Colom- bian Bromeliaceae. During the year he has been seeing through press a comprehensive paper on “The Bromeliaceae of Brazil,” dis- cussing over 570 species and with 128 illustrations prepared by Dr. Robert J. Downs of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Besides its taxonomic interest, this paper provides a basis for research in bromeliad malaria, and has considerable horticultural application because of the high proportion of ornamental species of the family in Brazil. With Father Raulino Reitz, he has been studying the flora of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and with Dr. Downs he prepared a treatment of the Rubiaceae of Santa Catarina for publication in Sellowia, the journal of the Herbario “Barbosa Rodrigues,” edited by Father Reitz.
Associate Curator E. H. Waiker, in collaboration with Dr. F. R. Fosberg, completed and submitted for publication a third supple- ment to a preliminary checklist of plants in the Shenandoah National Park. He continued to progress in his studies of the genus Corylopsis (Hamamelidaceae) and in a study of the Myrsinaceae of Taiwan. The latter project follows naturally after a critical study of the Myrsinaceae of Japan (published this year) and of the Ryukyu Islands (now in press). His principal research effort has been di- rected toward the preparation of a “Flora of Okinawa and the south- ern Ryukyu Islands,” which is essentially a new edition of the “Flora of Okinawa, an enumeration of the plants of Okinawa and Sakishima archipelagos in the Ryukyu Islands,” by S. Sonohara, S. Tawada, and T. Amano (1952, edited by E. H. Walker). The current work was started in 1954 at the request of the U. S. Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands, U. S. Army, because of the unexpectedly early ex- haustion of the supply of the earlier Flora and the urgent need for a new edition.
Associate Curator E. C. Leonard continued his work on part 3 and the supplement of his comprehensive study of the Acanthaceae of Colombia. Revisions were completed for 11 of the 15 genera to be treated. An annotated list of the plants growing in the Potomac Triassic Area of Virginia, to be included in a paper on the floristics of that region by H. A. Allard and Mr. Leonard, has been essentially completed.
Dr. Velva E. Rudd, associate curator, completed her “Revision of the genus Vissolia,” part of a study of the subtribe Aeschynomeninae of the family Leguminosae, of which the first paper, “The American species of Aeschynomene,” is now in press as a Contribution from the U. S. National Herbarium. Two more papers are planned to complete the series.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 35
Research Associate EK. P. Kallip, continued to make valuable collec- tions of plants in Cuba and southern Florida, and during his visits to Washington prepared duplicates for distribution, thus adding sub- stantially to the material sent out in exchange by the division.
Grasses.—Curator Jason R. Swallen continued his studies on the grasses of southern Brazil, and completed for publication “Notes on Honduras grasses.” His “Grasses of Guatemala,” is being published by the Chicago Natural History Museum.
Associate Curator Ernest R. Schns, published a paper on fascicle morphology in Cenchrus and Pennisetum. 'Two collecting trips were made to México during the past year. The first was to the State of San Luis Potosi in September and October. Over 2,200 specimens, mostly grasses, were collected throughout the State. Special atten- tion was given to the Sierra de San Miguelito and the Sierra de Guadaleazar. Besides numerous range extensions, one very rare grass genus (Calamochloa) was found for the second time in the Sierra de Guadalcazar. This grass, represented by an inadequate specimen in the Paris Museum, was collected by the French mineralo- gist, Pierre Virlet d’Aoust, in 1881. Not only is the genus a rare endemic, but the single species is dioecious. It is being redescribed and illustrated. In March, a trip was made to Lake Miramar in the State of Chiapas in collaboration with El Centro de Investigaciones Antropdlogicas de México. Over 650 specimens were collected in the Lacandon Forest near the lake. Many of the grasses, mostly hy- grophilous forest species, were new records for the State and one species was new to México.
Mrs. Agnes Chase, research associate, continued to devote her full time to editing and verifying the index to grass species prior to their being typed. Approximately 40,000 cards, or half the index, have been completed.
Dr. F. A. McClure, research associate, assembled the materials for a taxonomic treatment of the bamboos of southern Brazil. Under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, he continued work on a manual for the field identification of bamboos of the genus Phyllostachys in cultivation in the United States.
Under a 3-year grant from the National Science Foundation, Mrs. Walter T. Swingle is collaborating with Dr. McClure in the acquisi- tion and processing of bamboo literature with special reference to the documentation and clarification of species.
Ferns.—Curator C. V. Morton continued during the first four months of the current fiscal year his work in Europe as a Fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. During this period he examined many thousands of sheets of ferns, especially
36 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL. REPORT, 1955
from tropical America, and photographed 8,111 type specimens and other authentic material. These photographs will form a valu- able tool for future taxonomic studies. Throughout the work he was given every facility and encouragement by the staffs of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, the Rijksherbarium, Leiden, the British Museum (Natural History), London, the Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva, the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stock- holm, the Staatsinstitut fiir allgemeine Botanik, Hamburg, the Botani- cal Museum and Herbarium, Copenhagen, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the Botanisch Museum, Utrecht, and the Jardin Botanique de VEtat, Brussels.
Cry ptogams.—Associate Curator Paul Conger continued with his studies of the diatom flora and ecology of Chincoteague Bay, Md. He also continued with a monographic study of the important diatom genus Grammatophora and with the accumulation of notes on ab- normalities in diatoms. :
Research by visiting investigators.— During May and June, Father Raulino Reitz of the Herbario “Barbosa Rodrigues,” Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brazil, made intensive studies of the herbarium material and literature in the department in connection with the preparation of a flora of the State of Santa Catarina. In October, Miss Nancy Burbidge of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia, studied for three weeks on the identification of introduced grasses in Australia, especially species of Paspalum. During June, V. D. Zotov, Botany Division, Depart- ment of Scientific and Industrial Research, Christchurch, New Zea- land, examined the collections of New Zealand grasses in the her- barium, especially types, in preparing for a monograph of the family in New Zealand. Dr. Kittie F. Parker, formerly of the University of Arizona, continued her research on the western flora and in the family Compositae. Others who spent short periods at the herbarium were L. A. Garay, University of Toronto, Arland T. Hotchkiss, University of Sydney, Australia, J. M. Idrobo, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Bogoté, Colombia, and Antonio Krapovickas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
More than 750 persons visited the herbarium, usually seeking scientific information. The collections of the department continue to be an important source of reference material for staff members of other Government agencies, particularly the Department of Agricul- ture and the Department of the Interior. Thirteen informal loans with 2,821 specimens were made to local agencies, mostly to the Depart- ment of Agriculture.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 37
Geology
Mineralogy and petrology.—Several collateral problems connected with the study of the mineralogical nature of Meso-American jade have occupied the attention of Head Curator W. F. Foshag. One of these relates to the Aztec stone chalchihuitl, and the identification of its varieties as defined by the early chroniclers. A study of a newly discovered occurrence of jadeite in Guatemala has been completed. It probably was a source of jade for some of the ancient indigenous cultures of Meso-America. A study of a new mineral species, an oxychloride of aluminum, from the fumaroles of Paricutin volcano has been completed. Dr. Foshag continued as president of the Section of Volcanology, Petrology, and Geochemistry of the American Geo- physical Union.
A study of the hexahedrite type of meteorites has been undertaken by Associate Curator EK. P. Henderson to determine accurately their chemical composition and to compare their metallographic structures and their accessory minerals with a view to determining if these meteorites have a common origin. He is also studying the occurrence, composition, properties, and associations of the accessory mineral cohenite, an iron carbide, in order to learn if there is any correlation between its presence and the composition of the meteorite.
Dr. S. H. Perry, associate in mineralogy, at the close of the year presented to the Museum his library of meteorite publications and the remainder of his meteorite collection. His large 9-album collection of photomicrographs of iron meteorite structures, previously presented to the Museum, will be a source of information for many years to come.
A study of the origin of ore-forming solutions of the Iron Springs district, Utah, continues to occupy the efforts of Dr. George Switzer, associate curator, who is working in collaboration with Dr. J. Hoover Mackin of the U.S. Geological Survey. The results of this investiga- tion should prove useful in the exploration of these economically important iron ore deposits and others of a similar nature. An in- vestigation of the nature of the minerals composing the tests of various fossil micro-organisms, carried out in collaboration with Dr. A. J. Boucot of the U. S. Geological Survey, has been completed. Work has been begun on an investigation of two new mineral species; para- damite, a zinc arsenate from México; and galeite, a sodium fluoride- sulfate from California. Dr. Switzer prepares, annually, a review of the diamond industry, widely used by government agencies, commer- cial organizations, and others interested in the many phases of the diamond industry. He also prepares, in collaboration with Mr. R. T. Thompson of the U. S. Bureau of Mines, the Gem Stone Chapter of the Minerals Year Book.
38 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Dr. John P. Marble, associate in mineralogy, as chairman of the Committee on the Measurement of Geologic Time, of the National Re- search Council, prepared the annual summary on the advances in radiochemistry and geochronology for 1953-1954, including a compre- hensive annotated bibliography of the works published in these fields during the year. He also continued as general secretary, and chair- man of the editorial and publications committee of the American Geophysical Union, and as official delegate attended the 10th general assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics at Rome.
On June 6, 1955, the Department of Geology lost, through death, the valuable services and stimulating associations of Dr. Marble, who had. served as research associate in the division of mineralogy and petrology since 1948.
Invertebrate palentology and paleobotany.—Karly in the year Curator G. A. Cooper, working in collaboration with Dr. H. M. Muir- Wood of the British Museum, completed a revision of the genera of the Productacea, a large group of fossil spiny brachiopods. ‘The work includes both the taxonomy of the group, and discussions concern- ing morphological variations, paleoecology, and life habits and proc- esses. In addition, Dr. Cooper described a collection of brachiopods from Arizona, a rare occurrence in American Cretaceous rocks.
Work was continued by Dr. Cooper on the description of Permian brachiopods from Oregon. ‘This fauna is related to the Russian Per- mian forms, and is new to the United States. In preparation for his study of the Permian brachiopods of the Glass Mountains of Texas, considerable time was spent in the sorting and organizing of the ma- terial obtained by the etching of the silicified forms from limestone blocks. The superb material recovered will yield much information on the anatomy of the animals, their life habits, and their ecological environment.
Associate Curator Alfred R. Loeblich, Jr., and Research Associate Helen Tappan Loeblich have worked continuously on the Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology (Foraminifera), a natural classification of the Foraminifera based on phylogeny and geological occurrence, with definitive descriptions of all known genera, each description accom- panied by precisely executed drawings. About 1,500 genera of smaller Foraminifera will be included in the work. In addition, they have published a revision of some Recent foraminiferal genera. Mrs. Loe- blich has completed studies on Jurassic Foraminifera from Alaska, and has in preparation a volume on Cretaceous Foraminifera.
Associate Curator David Nicol completed and published an analysis of the Arctic marine pelecypod fauna and its significance in ecological interpretation, and is continuing morphological studies of the bizarre and unusual Paleozoic genus Conocardium.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 39
Dr. J. B. Knight, research associate in paleontology, continued work on the Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology (Gastropoda), a classi- fication with definitive descriptions and illustrations of all known genera of Paleozoic gastropods. He was assisted in this by Drs. Roger Batten and Ellis Yochelson.
The studies of Dr. R. §. Bassler, research associate in paleontology, on Ordovician cystids have been delayed by a serious accident suffered by him. His project is almost completed.
Vertebrate paleontology.—Curator C. L. Gazin completed and sub- mitted for publication a description and taxonomic revision of the upper Eocene artiodactyls, or even-toed ungulates, of North America. These include 6 families, 18 genera, and 35 species. It isin the Hocene epoch that the origins of the artiodactyl families are to be found, and this study will help to determine the phylogenetic sequences leading to the better known Oligocene forms. Dr. Gazin also completed his description of the Paleocene mammalian fauna of the Bison Basin in Wyoming, a study that yielded 19 new species and 2 new genera. During the early summer of 1954 Dr. Gazin, accompanied by Mr. F. L. Pearce, carried on field work in the Paleocene beds of the Bison Basin of Wyoming, and the lower Eocene Knight formation of the Washakie, Great Divide, and upper Green River Basins.
Dr. Gazin continued to serve as chairman of the Eocene subcom- mittee of the committee of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology preparing a new “Nomenclature and Correlation of the North Ameri- can Continental Tertiary,” a cooperative project, the results of which will be published by the Geological Society as a memoir.
Associate Curator D. H. Dunkle, who has been engaged on the plan- ning of the new exhibition hall of lower vertebrate fossils, made some progress on his program of research, which includes as its major proj- ects the detailed study of the fossil fish fauna of the middle Hocene Green River shales, and the Mesozoic origins of teleostean or common fishes from holostean, or ray-finned fishes. A description of a remark- able specimen of a pleuropterygian shark preserved 3-dimensionally in a phosphate nodule from the upper Devonian Chattanooga shale of Tennessee was completed in collaboration with Dr. Stuart W. Maher of the Tennessee Geological Survey. Working in collaboration with Dr. Bobb Schaeffer he also completed a study of sharks, lung-fishes, and ray-finned fishes represented in collections from seven new oc- currences in Brazil.
During the summer of 1954 Dr. Dunkle carried on a search for fossil fish and reptiles near Paris, Idaho; Cody, Wyo., and Logan and Mon- ticello, Utah. Later, with Exhibits Worker Donald Guadagni, he
40 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
explored the Cretaceous chalk beds of Kansas for fine examples of fos- sil fish and other vertebrate forms suitable for exhibition.
Research by outside investigators——Among investigators other than those of government agencies, who have assisted the department of geology with the study of Museum material, and who in turn have received help from the staff and the collections, are: Dr. T. W. Amsden, The Johns Hopkins University, who is studying a collection of Silurian (St. Clair) brachiopods from Arkansas; Dr. Franco Rasetti, of the same university, who continued his studies of Cam- brian fossils; Dr. Norman D. Newell, American Museum of Natural History, who is monographing a large collection of silicified pelecy- pods from west Texas belonging to the National Museum; Dr. Harry B. Whittington, Harvard University, who is now busy with studies of family groups, other than those described in 1954, represented in the silicified residues from Strasburg, Va.; Drs. Roger Batten and Ellis Yochelson, who as graduate students of Columbia University collabo- rated with Dr. Knight on Permian gastropod studies; Dr. Francis G. Stehli, California Institute of Technology, who is studying some tere- bratuloid brachiopod collections; Dr. A. K. Miller, University of Iowa, who is studying the Museum’s large collection of Permian am- monoids from the Glass Mountains; and Dr. C. O. Dunbar, Yale Uni- versity, who is studying the fusulines (Foraminifera) from the Permian of the Glass Mountains, Tex.
The following students of Foraminifera visited and studied at the Museum: Dr. Cesare Emiliani, University of Chicago; Dr. J. C. Troelsen, University of Copenhagen; Noel Brown, Jr., Cuban Gulf Oil Company, Havana, Cuba; Dr. Hans Bolli, Pointe-a-Pierre, Trin- idad, B. W. I.; Mr. Y. Nagappa, Digboi, Assam, India; Dr. Eugenie Montanaro-Gallitelli, University of Modena, Italy; Dr. Frank E. Lozo, Houston, Tex.; and Dr. L. W. LeRoy, Golden, Colo.
Investigators who made use of the vertebrate paleontology collec- tions during the past year to further their research projects include: Dr. J. LeRoy Kay, Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh, who made ex- tensive comparisons of his important collection of Green River Eocene mammals from Utah, with the Museum’s extensive Bridger Hocene collections from Wyoming; Gordon Edmond, of the Royal Ontario Museum, who studied and photographed a number of specimens per- tinent to his investigation of tooth succession in the reptiles; Dr. John Clark of Princeton University, who reviewed Oligocene and Miocene artiodactyl] materials and examined the Chadronian mam- mals in connection with his studies of faunal sequences in the Chadron formation.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 41
Kingineering and Industries
Engineering.—A descriptive account of the history of the develop- ment of power machinery was prepared by Dr. R. P. Multhauf, asso- ciate curator, in connection with the design of the power machinery hall, for use as a guide to this hall. He is engaged in the first stage of the preparation of a catalog of the metrology collection, and he collaborated with Museum Aide Don H. Berkebile in research leading to the design and construction of models of a number of power ma- chines, plans of which no longer exist. ‘This research thus far has led to the construction of models of a steam engine of John Fitch and a boiler of Oliver Evans.
Associate Curator S. H. Oliver’s manuscript, “The First Quarter- Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas, with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U.S. National Museum,” was completed in March and submitted for publication.
Kenneth M. Perry, associate curator of electricity, continued identi- fying, documenting, and describing the electrical measuring instru- ments in the Museum collections. A number of the more than 50 such devices treated during the year represented part of the large collec- tion recently presented to the Museum by the Western Electrical Instrument Corp.
Crafis and industries.—Curator William N. Watkins continued his investigation of woods used in old and rare furniture in an effort to determine their origins. He assisted Colonial Williamsburg and The Henry Francis Du Pont Winterthur Museum in their quest for accu- rate determinations of wood origins, and give similar assistance to the Corcoran Gallery of Art and the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Collection, Williamsburg.
In her search for additional unpublished information on the Schol- field wool carding machine of 1793, Assistant Curator Grace L. Rogers visited the Baker Library, Harvard University, the Rhode Island His- torical Society, and old Slater Mill, allin New England, and the Henry Ford Museum, Dearborn, Mich. Original manuscripts were reviewed and old company records searched for verification of its history. Several Scholfield machines examined will be described in the article on the subject.
Edward C. Kendall, associate curator, investigated the European origins of 17th- and 18th-century American plow types. Aided by a generous grant’ from Deere and Company he visited a number of historical and technical museums in western Europe. His examina- tion of these collections, particularly in Scandinavia, Holland, Ger- many, and Great Britain, brought out the fact that American plows
42 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
in use in the 18th century were distinctively different from their Kuro- pean counterparts. The information acquired will be presented in articles on the origin of American plow types, on the Hohenheim plow model collection, on the original appearance of the John Deere steel plow of 1837, and on the types of plows used on the Mount Vernon estate of George Washington.
Medicine and public health.—Curator George B. Griffenhagen com- pleted his catalog of apothecary shop restorations on exhibition in the United States. The catalog, which included descriptions of 28 resto- rations from Massachusetts to California, was published by the Ameri- can Pharmaceutical Association under the title of “Karly American Pharmacies,” and was distributed to all members of the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy. Also completed was a study, carried on in cooperation with Dr. Waldo Wedel, curator of archeol- ogy, that commenced as an investigation into the significance of ‘Tur- lington’s Balsam bottles found in archeological sites in the Dakotas. One of the early popular patent medicines used in the colonies, Tur- lington’s Balsam of Life is an outstanding example of the beginnings of patent medicines in America.
Curator Griffenhagen gave considerable attention to the history and evolution of pharmaceutical equipment such as the pill machine, mortar and pestle, pharmaceutical balance, and the drug container. Few pieces of pharmaceutical equipment have been treated in separate historical studies such as these, and the project, which will include a descriptive catalog of the pharmaceutical collections in the division of medicine and public health and an annotated bibliography, will provide a much needed reference source to aid in documenting antique pharmaceutical equipment.
Other research in progress includes a history of the mechanical heart, being written with the cooperation of Calvin H. Hughes, re- search biologist at the Research Laboratories Division of General Motors Corporation, and a study of the medical equipment and sup- ples of the American Revolutionary Armies, undertaken in coopera- tion with Robert Davis of the Medical Museum of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
Graphic aris.—Curator Jacob Kainen continued his study of the color prints of John Baptist Jackson, a work that will trace the origins of color printing in the 18th century and will emphasize Jackson’s importance as an artist and color printer. It will also pro- vide a complete descriptive catalog of his work to replace the incom- plete standard catalog published in 1856.
Mr. Kainen also continued his research into the origins and develop- ment of photomechanical processes, a study intended to provide a single reference work for the diverse and complicated history of half- tone printing.
INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 43
Alexander J. Wedderburn, associate curator, completed a study of a hitherto unknown intermittent movement for motion picture pro- jectors invented by Thomas Armat, noted for his inventions in this field. Mr. Wedderburn interviewed members of the inventor’s family and a machinist closely associated with Armat during the period in which he made his intermittent movement devices. The study is scheduled for publication in the Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. He continued work on his history of the camera and served as consultant to the Navy Department in the preparation of a script for a film on the origins of the motion picture.
Research by outside investigators.—In increasing numbers, outside investigators used the collections and called upon the staff for assist- ance on a wide variety of subjects, as shown by these examples.
Ruth Laudlu, textile designer and weaver, Oslo, Norway, studied the textile collection, especially examples of early American designs. Margaret Stratton, Russellville, Ky., is assisting Miss Rogers in locat- ing information on a quilted counterpane received by the Museum several years ago.
K. Ramesh Rao, assistant wood technologist, Forest Research In- stitute, Dehra Dun, India, investigated the cataloging system, study collection, and exhibition hall of the section of wood technology and discussed future exchanges and mutual assistance. Professor Weifang Chu, Forestry College, National Taiwan University, Formosa, pres- ently at the College of Forestry, State University of New York, completing a study of the woods of the Coniferae, examined the Museum collection of woods.
Assistance was given George Bender, editor, and Robert Thom, artist, of Parke, Davis and Company, in their research associated with the History of Pharmacy in Pictures; the Armed Forces Medical Library for their “Exhibit of the Month”; Professor Harvey Young of Emory University, on the development of patent medicines in America; and Dr. Philip V. Hammond of Howard University, who presented a paper before the Plant Science Seminar on the national] materia-medica collection at the U. S. National Museum.
Jay E. Gordon, of the Naval Photographic Center, and James H. Culver, of the Library of Congress, made studies of the photographic collections in connection with an official Navy film; Edmond Archer of the Corcoran School of Art was assisted in research concerning the camera obscura and its possible use by the 17th century Dutch painter Vermeer, and Col. Willard Webb, Library of Congress, was assisted in preparing material for a television show concerning the history of photography.
44 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
History
Mendel L. Peterson, curator of military and naval history, con- tinued his field investigation in the Florida Straits area during the months of May and June. His work, carried on under the sponsor- ship of Mr. Edwin A. Link on board the vessel The Sea Diver, this year fell into two categories: investigation of Spanish wreck sites on Silver Bank, and retracing the possible route taken by Columbus in the Bahamas during his first voyage to America.
His study in the markings and decoration of museum cannon was continued. During the year he photographed and measured cannon at Baltimore and Annapolis, Md.; Nassau, Bahamas; Grand Turk Island; Le Citadelle and Port-au-Prince, Haiti; and Havana, Cuba.
Margaret W. Brown, associate curator of civil history, prepared a booklet on The First Ladies Hall which was published for the open- ing of the hall. Her illustrated description of the gown of Mrs. Harry S. Truman was published as a supplement to her “Dresses of the First Ladies of the White House.”
Curator of Numismatics Stuart Mosher continued his investiga- tions of American medalists, the works of the die engraver Edward Stabler, the Hugh Miller collection of Korean charms and amulets, and the multiple thalers of Brunswick-Luneburg in the Paul A. Straub collection.
Franklin R. Bruns, Jr., associate curator of philately continued his research in several fields, among which were sources of United States postage stamp design and the postal history of Liberia.
Research by outside investigators.—Among the outside investiga- tors working in the Department of History were Dr. F. M. Fryxell, a Guggenheim Fellow who is preparing a history of the Dr. Frederick V. Hayden Expedition; Emerson Brooks, Department of Agriculture; Lt. Col. George Chinn, Navy Bureau of Ordnance; representatives of the Bureau of Internal Revenue who examined specimens in the col- lections bearing on questions relating to the National Fire Arms Act; representatives of the Department of the Army, Office of the Chief of Military History; Mr. Herbert Campbell of the Remington Arms Company; Mr. Harold Peterson of the National Park Service; Con- gressman Louis C. Rabault of Michigan; representatives of the Amer- ican Legion; representatives of the Corcoran Gallery of Art; Lt. Col. John H. Magruder, curator of the Museum of the Marine Corps.
Publications
In addition to an Annual Report, the National Museum issued 10 publications based on research in the national collections. Of these, 2 were in the Bulletin series and 8 were in the Proceedings series. The titles of these publications are listed below.
At the close of the year 17 Proceedings papers and the following four Bulletins were in press: “American Moths of the Subfamily Phycitinae,” by Carl Heinrich; “The Honey-Guides,” by Herbert Friedmann; “Nearctic Wasps of the Subfamilies Pepsinae and Cero- palinae,” by Henry Townes; and “Checklist of the Coleopterous In- sects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South Amer- ica,” Part 6, by Richard E. Blackwelder.
Publications by the staff, including honorary members, totaled 144. These publications, listed on pages 47 to 58, were distributed as follows:
Department Publications Department Publications INTE OAT ONO PL Gt ERESH HO yee gph oe Re apegPe aes q Botamyaee= See be eet Se Peeve VACGY Oy COA area Wa ie i ha 57 Engineering and Industries_______ 9 —— Geol Osa ae ee NE 21 FASO Gell eee i rhs ee Seen 144
Publications of the United States National Museum
July 1954 through June 1955
REPORTS The United States National Museum annual report for the year ended June 30, 1954. Svo,ix+i100pp. January 14, 1955. BULLETINS
Bulletin 205. List of North American Recent mammals, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., and Remington Kellogg. S8vo,xii+954pp. March 3, 1955.
Bulletin 206. Frogs of southeastern Brazil, by Doris M. Cochran. S8vo, xi + 423 pp., 28 figs., front: and 34 pls. June 22, 1955.
45
A6 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
PAPERS PUBLISHED IN SEPARATE FORM
From VOLUME 103 OF THE PROCEEDINGS
No. 3334. A supplement to W. M. Tattersall’s review of the Mysidacea of the United States National Museum, by Albert H. Banner. Pp. 575-588. July 8, 1954.
No. 3335. On the anatomy and relationships of glossy cuckoos of the genera Chrysococcyx, Lampromorpha, and Chalcites, by Andrew J. Berger. Pp. 585-597, figs. 69-71. January 19, 1955.
No. 3336. Supplement and corrections to J. A. Hyslop’s genotypes of the elaterid beetles of the world, by Ross H. Arnett, Jr. Pp. 599-619. April 14, 1955.
No. 3337. Neotropical Miridae, LXIV: New bugs of the subfamily Cylapinae (Hemiptera), by José C. M. Carvalho. Pp. 621-632, figs. 72-76, pl. 15. March 2, 1955.
FRoM VOLUME 104 OF THE PROCEEDINGS
No. 3338. Revision of the vittate species of the chrysomelid beetle genus Dis- onycha from the Americas south of the United States, by Doris Holmes Blake. Pp. 1-86, figs. 1-75. April 4, 1955.
No. 3339. A revision of the Nearctic species of the beetle genus Meligethes (Nitidulidae), by Alan M. Easton. Pp. 87-103, figs. 76-78. February 25, 1955.
No. 3340. Four new Venezuelan reduviid bugs, by J. Maldonado Capriles. Pp. 105-118, figs. 79, 80. March 28, 1955.
No. 3341. Some polyclad flatworms from the West Indies and Florida, by Libbie H. Hyman. Pp. 115-150, figs. 81-89. May 2, 1955.
Publications by Members of the Staff of the
United States National Museum July 1954 through June 1955
Abbott, R. Tucker. New Gulf of Mexico gastropods (Terebra and Ocenebra). Nautilus, vol. 68, No. 2. pp. 37-44, pl. 2, October 1954.
Bartsch, Paul. The pyramidellid mol- lusks of the Pliocene deposits of North St. Petersburg, . Florida. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 1-102, 18 pls., May 1955.
Bayer, Frederick M. Anthozoa: Alcyo- naria. In Gulf of Mexico, its origin, waters, and marine life, Paul S. Galtsoff (editor). Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wildlife Service, pp. 279— 284, 1954.
——. New names for two genera of Octocorallia. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 9, p. 296, 1954.
Benn, James H. The mineralogy of fos- Sils. Rocks and Minerals, vol. 30, No. 1-2, pp. 3-20, pls. 1-12, January— February 1955.
Boving, Adam G. Mature larvae of the beetle-family Anobiidae. Danske Biol. Medd., vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 298, illustr., 1954.
Brown, Margaret W. The story of the Declaration of Independence desk and how it came to the U. S. National Museum. Ann. Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 1958, pp. 455-462, 5 pls. 1954.
Dress of Mrs. Harry S. Truman,
supplement to ‘‘Collection of dresses
of the First Ladies of the White
House,” Smithsonian Inst. Publ. 4060,
5 pp., 2 pls., 1954.
The First Ladies Hall. Smith-
sonian Inst. Publ. 4212, 9 pp., 8 pls.,
1955.
359492—55——_5
Brown, Roland W. Composition of scientific words, a manual of meth- ods and a lexicon of materials for the practice of logotechnics, 882 pp., Sep- tember 1954.
Bruns, Franklin R., Jr. Plans for co- operation among philatelic libraries. National Philatelic Museum ‘“Li- brary” Book, vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 16-17, 1955.
— and Griifenhagen, George. Phar- maceutical philately. American In- stitute of History of Pharmacy, 2 pp., 1955.
Carriker, M. A., Jr. Report on a collec- tion of Mallophaga, largely Mexican
(Part I). Florida Ent., vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 139-146, illustr., September 1954.
—. Report on a collection of Mallo- phaga, largely Mexican (Part I), con- tinued. Florida Hntom., vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 191-207, illustr., December 1954.
—. Studies in Neotropical Mallo- phaga. (13)—The Menoponidae of the Neotropical Psittacidae. Rey. Brasileira Entom., vol. 2, pp. 145-178, illustr., December 1954.
Notes on the occurrence and dis- tribution of certain species of Colom- bian birds. Novedades Colombianas, pp. 48-64, 1955.
—. The Ischnocera of the Trogoni- dae. Studies in Neotropical Mallo- phaga (XV). Novedades Colombi- anas, pp. 87-100, June 1955.
47
48
Chace, Fenner A., Jr. Two new sub- terranean shrimps (Decapoda: Cari- dea) from Florida and the West Indies, with a revised key to the American species. Journ. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 10, pp. 818- 324, 2 figs., 1954.
—. Stomatopoda. In Guif of Mex- ico, its origin, waters, and marine life, Paul S. Galtsoff (editor). Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wildlife Service, pp. 449-450, 1954.
Clark, Austin H. Echinoderms (other than holothurians) of the Gulf of Mexico. In Gulf of Mexico, its origin, waters, and marine life, Paul §. Galtsoff (editor). Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wildlife Service, pp. 373- 379, 1954.
—. Records of Indo-Pacific echino- derms. Pacific Sci., vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 243-263, 1954.
Ciarke, J. F. Gates. The correct name for a pest of cacao (Lepidoptera, Stenomidae). Proc. Entom. Soe. Washington, vol. 56, pp. 266-267, 1954.
The correct name for a pest of legumes (Lepidoptera, Olethreut- idea). Proc. Entom. Soe. Washing- ton, vol. 56, pp. 8309-310, 1954.
——. Eustalodes anthivora (Gelechi- idae, Lepidoptera), a new pest of Achras sapota in the Philippines. The Philippine Agriculturist, vol. 37, pp. 450-451, pl. 1, 1954.
—. Catalogue of the type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, vol. 1, vii+332 pp., 1 fig., 4 pls., 1955 ; and vol. 2, iii+- 531 pp., 2638 pls., 1955.
Cochran, Doris M. Frogs of southeast- ern Brazil. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 206, Xxvi+423 pp., 28 figs., front. and 34 pls., June 1955.
Conger, Paul S. A new genus and species of plankton diatom from the Florida Straits. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 122, No. 14, pp. 1-8, pls. 1-4, 1954.
Present status of diatom studies in the Gulf of Mexico. Jn Gulf of
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Mexico, its origin, waters, and marine life. Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wild- life Service, pp. 227-232, October 1954.
Cooper, G. A. New genera of Middle Paleozoic brachiopods. Journ. Pa- leont., vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 45-68, pls. 11— 14, January 1955.
New brachiopods from Cuba. Journ. Paleont., vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 64— 70, pl. 15, January 1955.
— and Stehli, F. G. New Genera of Permian brachiopods from West Texas. Journ. Paleont., vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 469-474, pls. 52-54, May 1955.
Deignan, H. G. Review of Austin and Kuroda’s “The Birds of Japan— Their status and distribution.” Bird- Banding, vol. 25, No. 2, p. 82, April 1954.
Review of Smythies’ “The Birds of Burma.” The Auk, vol. 71, p. 337, July 1954.
Review of Lockley’s “Shearwa-
ters” and “Puffins.” Atlantic Natu-
ralist, vol. 10, No. 2, p. 102, November—
December 1954.
On the nomenclature of the Him- alayan goldcrests. Bull. Brit. Or- nith. Club., vol. 74, No. 9, pp. 103- 104, December 1954.
—. Remarks on Picus vittatus Vieil- lot and some of its allies. The Ibis, vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 18-24, January 1955.
Review of Schorger’s ‘The Pas-
senger Pigeon.” Atlantic Naturalist,
vol. 10, No. 5, p. 282, May—August
1955.
Eastern Asiatic races of the bee- eater, Merops philippinus Linnaeus. Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club., vol. 75, No. 5, pp. 57-59, May 1955.
Dunkle, David H. (See under Fries, Carl Jr.)
Evans, Clifford. New archeological in- terpretations in northeastern South America. In “New Interpretations of Aboriginal American Culture His- tory,” 75th Anniversary volume, An- throp. Soc. Washington, pp. 82-94, 1955.
A ceramic study of Virginia ar-
cheology. With appendix “Analysis
PUBLICATIONS
of projectile points and large blades,” by C. G. Holland. Bull. 160, Bur. Amer. Ethnol., pp. 1-164, April 1955.
— and Meggers, Betty J. Life among the Wai Wai Indians. Nat. Geogr. Mag., vol. 107, No. 3, pp. 329- 346, illustr., March 1955.
Ewers, John C. The Indian trade of the upper Missouri before Lewis and Clark: an interpretation. Missouri Hist. Soe. Bull., vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 429-446, 1954.
Charles Bird King, painter of
Indian visitors to the Nation’s capi-
tal. Ann. Rep. Smithsonian Inst.,
1953, pp. 463-473, 8 pls., 1954.
Chinook. (Signed article) HEn- cyclopedia Americana, 1955 ed., p. 560.
——. Chippewa. (Signed article) En- eyclopedia Americana, 1955 ed., pp. 564-565.
—. Problems and procedures in mod- ernizing ethnological exhibits. Amer. Anthrop., vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 1-12, 2 pls., 2 figs., February 1955.
The Bear Cult among the As-
siniboin and their neighbors of the
Northern Plains. Southwestern
Journ. Anthrop., vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 1—
14, 2 pls., 1 fig., Spring 1955.
The horse in Blackfoot Indian culture, with comparative material from other western tribes. Bur. Amer. HEthnol., Bull. 159, pp. xv-+374, 17 pls., 33 figs., 1955.
Foshag, W. F. (See under Switzer, George. )
Friedmann, Herbert. A revision of the classification of the honey-guides, In- dicatoridae. Ann. Mus. Congo Tervu- ren, Zool. 1 (Miscellanea Zoologica H. Schouteden), pp. 21-27, 1954.
Review of Chapin’s “The birds
of the Belgian Congo, Part 4.” The
Auk, vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 476-477, De-
cember 1954.
Review of Meinertzhagen’s “The Birds of Arabia.” The Auk, vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 97-98, January 1955.
Fries, Carl, Jr., Hibbard, Claude W., and Dunkle, David H. Barly Ceno- zoic vertebrates in the Red Conglom-
49
erate at Guanajuato, Mexico. Smith- sonian Mise. Coll., vol. 123, No. 7, pp. 1-25, 1 pl., 6 figs., 1955.
Gazin, C. Lewis. Activities of the di- vision of vertebrate paleontology of the U. S. National Museum. Soc. Vert. Paleont. News. Bull., No. 42, pp. 9-10, 1954; No. 48, pp. 14-15, 1955, No. 44, pp. 25-26, 1955.
Greene, Charles T. Larvae and pupae of the genera Microdon and Mizo- gaster (Diptera, Syrphidae). Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., vol. 81, pp. 1-20, illustr., April 1955.
Griffenhagen, George B. Early Ameri- ean pharmacies, a pictorial catalog of apothecary shop restorations which are on exhibition in the United States. Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc., 23 pp., 29 figs., 1955.
——. The prescription file and journal of the Daniel B. Smith pharmacy, 1822-23. Amer. Journ. Pharm., vol. 126, pp. 344-852, 3 figs.
——. Collector’s corner. Journ. Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. (Practical ed.), vol. 15, pp. 638, 678, 744, 3 figs., Oc- tober—December 1954; vol. 16, pp. 46, 82, 151-153, 242, 276, January—May 1955.
——. Pharmaceutical history on view. The Meyer Druggist, vol. 75, pp. 8-9, 24, 4 figs., June 1955.
(See also under Bruns, Franklin R., Jr., and Wedel, Waldo R.)
Handley, Charles O., Jr. Nomenclature of some Tertiary Chiroptera. Journ. Mammalogy, vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 128 130, February 1955.
A new Pleistocene bat (Corynor-
hinus) from Mexico. Journ. Wash-
ington Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 2, pp.
48-49, March 1955.
A possible sight record of
Brewer’s blackbird for Virginia.
Raven, vol. 26, Nos. 2-3, pp. 40-42,
March 1955.
New bats of the genus Corynor- hinus. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 147-149, May 1955.
Henderson, Edward P., and Perry, Stu- art H. A discussion of the densities of iron meteorites. Geochemica et
50
Cosmochemica Acta, vol. 6, Nos. 5-6, pp. 221-240, December 1954.
Johnson, David H. (See under Miller, Gerrit S., Jr.)
Judd, Neil M. The material culture of Pueblo Bonito. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 124 (whole vol.), pp. iv-+ 398, 1954.
Byron Cummings, Archeologist
and explorer. Science, vol. 120, No.
8115, pp. 407-408, September 1954.
Byron Cummings, 1860-1954.
Amer. Anthrop., vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 871-
872, October 1954.
Byron Cummings, 1860-1954. Amer. Antiq., vol. 20, No. 2, p. 154-157, October 1954.
Kainen, Jacob. The evolution of the halftone screen. Raus & Mann Press, Ltd., Toronto, 17 pp., illustr., 1954.
Kellogg, Remington. (See under Miller, Gerrit S., Jr.)
Knight, J. B., Batten, R. L., Yochelson, E. L. Status of invertebrate paleon- tology; 1953. V. Mollusca: Gastro- poda. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 112, No. 3, 1954.
Laechner, E. A. Inquilinism and a new record for Paramia bipunctata, a car- dinal fish from the Red Sea. Copeia, No. 1, pp. 58-54, 1955.
Leonard, Emery C. Acanthaceae. In Flora of Trinidad and Tobago, vol. 2, pt. 5, pp. 357-379, 1954.
Loeblich, A. R., Jr., and Leeblich, Helen Tappan. HEmendation of the forami- niferal genera Ammodiscus Reuss, 1862, and Involutina Terquem, 1862. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 10, pp. 806-3810, 1954.
New names for two foraminiferal
homonyms. Journ. Washington Acad.
Sci., vol. 44, No. 12, p. 384, 1954.
A revision of some glanduline Nodosariidae (Foraminifera). Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 126, No. 3, pp. 1-9, 1 pl., 1955.
Marble, John Putnam. Report of the Committee on the Measurement of Geologic Time, 1953-1954. Publ. 333, National Research Council, Washing- ton, 193 pp., 1955.
TL
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
McClure, F. A. A new bamboo and a new record for Guatemala. Phyto- logia, vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 81, 82, 1954.
Megegers, Betty J. Environmental limi- tation on the development of culture. Amer. Anthrop., vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 801— 824, October 1954.
The coming of age of American
archeology. In “New Interpretations
of Aboriginal American Culture His- tory,” 75th Anniversary volume, An-
throp. Soc. Washington, pp. 116-129.
1955.
(See also under Evans, Clifford.)
Meyer, Marvin C., and Moore, J. Percy. Notes on Canadian leeches (Hirudi- nea), with the description of a new species. Wasmann Journ. Biol., vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 68-96, 2 pls., 1954.
Translation of Selensky’s ‘“Mor- phological and systematic studies on the Hirudinea. I. The organization of the Ichthyobdellidae.” 160 pp., 41 figs., 8 pls., 1955.
Miller, Gerrit S. Jr. and Johnson, David H. Bibliography of Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr. Journ. Mammalogy, vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 329-344, August 1954.
—— and Kellogg, Remington. List of North American Recent Mammals. U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 205, pp. 954, March 1955.
Moore, J. Percy. Meyer, Marvin C.)
Morrison, Joseph P. E. Some zoogeo- graphic problems among brackish water mollusks. Ann. Rep. Amer. Malacol. Union, 1954, pp. 7-10, Janu- ary 1955.
Conus eldredi, new name for one
of the poison cones. Journ. Washing-
ton Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 1, p. 32,
January 1955.
Notes on the genera Lanz and
Fisherola (Pulmonata). Nautilus,
vol. 68, No. 3, pp. 79-88, 4 figs., Janu-
ary 1955.
Notes on American cyclophorid
land snails, with two new names,
eight new species, three new genera, and the family Amphicyclotidae, sepa-
(See also under
PUBLICATIONS
rated on animal characters. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 149-162, 31 figs., May 1955.
Morton, C. Y. A note on a species of Cyathea. Amer. Fern Journ., vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 147, 148, 1954.
Gesneriaceae. Jn Flora of Trin- idad and Tobago, vol. 2, pt. 5, pp. 801— 315, 1954.
——. Notes on Hlaphoglossum, III. The publication of Hlaphoglossum and Rhipidopteris, Amer. Fern Journ., vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 11-14, 1955.
and Neidorf, Charles. Polypo-
dium vulgare var. virginianum.
Amer. Fern Journ., vol. 44, No. 3,
pp. 111-114, pl. 12, 1954.
and Neidorf, Charles. The hay- scented fern, Dennstaedtia punciilo- bula. Amer. Fern Journ., vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 65-68, pl. 7, 1954.
—— and Neidorf, Charles. The north- ern beech-fern. Amer. Fern Journ., vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 17-19, pl. 2, 1955.
Multhauf, Robert P. John of Rupe- seissa and the origin of medical chemistry. Isis, vol. 45, pt. 4, No. 142, pp. 359-67, December 1954.
——, J.B. Val Helmont’s reformation of the Galenic theory of digestion. Bull. Hist. Med., vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 154-63, March—April 1955.
Nicol, David. Morphology of Astar- tella, a primitive heterodont pelecy- pod. Journ. Paleont., vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 155-158, 4 figs., January 1955.
An analysis of the arctic marine pelecypod fauna. Nautilus, vol. 68. No. 4, pp. 115-122, 1955.
Oliver, Smith Hempstone. Balzer ro- tary. Motorsport, vol. 5, No. 5, p. 56, October 1954.
Perry, Stuart H. son, Hdward P.)
Peterson, Mendel L. History under the sea. Smithsonian Inst., Publ. 4174, 17 pp., 7 figs., 1954.
Marine archeology. The Mili- tary Engineer, vol. 47, No. 315, pp. 119-21, 4 pls. January—February 1955.
Rehder, Harald A. Mollusks. Jn Gulf of Mexico, its origin, waters, and ma-
(See under Hender-
51
rine life, Paul S. Galtsoff (editor). Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wildlife Service, pp. 469-474, 1954.
Rudd, Velva E. Centrolobium (Legum- inosae): Validation of a specific name and a brief review of the genus. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 284-288, figs. 1, 2, 1954.
Botanical contributions of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 11, pp. 351-3856, 1 fig., 1954.
Schmitt, Waldo L. Copepoda. In Gulf of Mexico, its origins, waters, and marine life, Paul 8S. Galtsoff (editor). Fishery Bull. 89, Fish and Wildlife Service, pp. 439-442, 1954.
Schultz, Leonard P. Know your Aus- tralian rainbowfishes. ‘Tropical Fish Hobbyist, vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 35-37, 2 figs., 1955.
and Axelrod, H. R. The golden tetra, a new species of Hemigrammus from British Guiana. ‘Tropical Fish Hobbyist, vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 4-7, 2 figs., 1955.
Setzer, Henry W. Zoological contribu- tions of the Lewis and Clark expedi- tion. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 11, pp. 856-857, November 1954.
Setzler, Frank M. Henry Clyde She- trone. Ohio Hist. Soc., pp. 1-11, 1955.
Shoemaker, Clarence R. Notes on the amphipod crustacean Maeroides thompsoni Walker. Journ. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 2, p. 59, 1955.
Amphipoda collected at the Arc- tie Research Laboratory, Office of Naval Research, Point Barrow, Alaska, by G. E. MacGinitie. Smith- sonian Mise. Coll., vol. 128, No. 1, pp. 78, 20 figs., 1955.
Smith, Lyman B. Um género novo de Serofulariaiceas. Anais Bot. Herb. “Barb. Rodr.,”’ No. 5, pp. 37, 38, 1 pl., 1958.
Uma nova Buddleja do Rio
Grande do Sul. Sellowia, No. 6, pp.
301, 302, 1 pl., 1954.
Notes on Bromeliaceae, IV.
Phytologia, vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 33-50,
pis. 1-7, 1954.
52
Smith, Lyman B. Notes on Brome liaceae, V. Phytologia, vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 177-183, pls. 1, 2, 1955.
A new Navia from Colombia. Bromeliad Soe. Bull., vol. 5, No. 2, p. 19, 1 fig., 1955.
— and Downs, Robert J. Xyrida- ceae from Brazil. Journ. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 10, pp. 311- 313, 1 fig., 1954.
— and Ferndndez-Pérez, Alvaro. Revisio violacearum Colombiae. Cal- dasia, vol. 6, No. 28, pp. 83-181, pls. 1-19, 1954.
and Schubert, Bernice G. Studies in the Begoniaceae, IV. Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 110-114, 1 fig., 1955.
Snodgrass, R. E. The dragonfly larva. Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 128, No. 2, Publ. 4175, 38 pp., illustr., Septem- ber 1954.
Snyder, Thomas E. A new fossil ter- nite, Parastylotermes frazieri, from California (Isoptera, Rhinotermiti- dae). Proe. Entom. Soc. Washington, vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 79-80, illustr., April 1955.
Sohns, Ernest R. Cenchrus and Pen- nisetum: Fascicle morphology. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 1385-143, figs. 1-48, 1955.
Stewart, T. D. American Institute of Human Paleontology. (Editorial) Science, vol. 120, No. 3106, p. 3, July 1954.
Comments (on J. N. Spuhler’s paper entitled “Some problems in the Physical Anthropology of the Ameri- ean Southwest.”) Amer. Anthrop., vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 619-620, August 1954. A method for analyzing and re- producing pipe decorations. Quar- terly Bull., Archeol. Soc. of Virginia, vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 2-9, September 1954. Sex determination of the skele- ton by guess and by measurement. Amer. Journ. Phys. Anthrop., n. s., vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 385-392, September 1954.
Metamorphosis of the joints of the sternum in relation to age changes in other bones. Amer. Journ. Phys.
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Anthrop., n. s., vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 519—
5386, December 1954.
Basic readings on the identifica-
tion of human skeletons: estimation
of age. Special publication, Wenner-
Gren Foundation for Anthrop. Res.,
Inec., 347 pp., 1954. (Hdited jointly
with Mildred Trotter.)
The lower level human skull
(from the McKean site in northeast-
ern Wyoming). Southwestern Journ.
Anthrop., vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 457-459,
Winter 1954.
Physical anthropology. In Handbook of Latin American Studies No. 17, pp. 80-83 (1951). Univ. Florida, 1954.
Switzer, George. 29th annual report of the diamond industry, 1953. Jewel- ers’ Circular-Keystone, vol. 124, 10 pp., 1954.
Memorial of Magnus Vonson.
Amer. Mineral., vol. 40, Nos. 3-4, pp.
286-288, 1 pl., March—April 1955.
and Foshag, W. F. Ordojfiezite, zine antimonate, a new mineral from Guanajuato, Mexico. Amer. Mineral., vol. 40, Nos. 1-2, pp. 6469, 1 fig., January—February 1955.
—, Pabst, A., and Sawyer, D. L. Galeite, a new mineral from Searles Lake, California. Cordilleran Sec- tion of the Geol. Soc. America, pro- gram of annual meeting, p. 22, 1955.
. Thompson, R. D., and Blanken- baker, Eleanor. Gem Stones. U. 8S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Yearbook, 1953, 10 pp.
Taylor, Walter W. An analysis of some salt samples from the Southwest. Plateau, vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 1-7, Oc- tober 1954.
Walker, Egbert H. Important trees of the Ryukyu Islands. (Ryukyu juyo jumoku shi.) Spee. Bull. U. 8S. Civil Adm. Ryukyu Isl., No. 3, pp. i-vi, 1- 350, figs. 1-209, January 1954.
Concerning the Myrsinaceae
(“Ardisiaceae’) of Japan I. Bot.
Mag. Tokyo, vol. 67, pp. 105-111; (II)
155-162; (III) 208-218; (IV) 248-
255; 1954.
PUBLICATIONS 53
Wedderburn, Alexander J. Picture materials for the practice of logo- making. The Multiplier. Foreign technics.” The Auk, vol. 72, p. 101, Operations Administration, No. 9, pp. January 1955.
5-6, March 1955. ——. The genus Lophodytes in the
Wedel, Waldo R. Archeological mate- Pleistocene of Florida. Condor, vol. rials from the vicinity of Mobridge, 5%, Pp. 189, May-June 1955.
South Dakota. Anthrop. Paper No.Wetmore, A. Friedmann, H., and 45, Bur. Amer. Ethnol. Bull. 157, pp. others. Twenty-ninth Supplement to 69-188, 1955. The American Ornithologists’ Union
Cheek-List of North American Birds.
The Auk, vol. 71, pp. 310-312, July
nes 1954. aborigines. Amer. Journ. P harm., wilson, Mildred Stratton. A new spe- vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 409-415, 8 figs., cies of Diaptomus from Louisana and December 1954. Texas with notes on the subgenus
Wetmore, A. Review of Brown’s Leptodiaptomus (Copepoda, Cala- “Composition of scientific words, noida). Tulane Studies Zool., vol. 2, a manual of methods and a lexicon of No. 3, pp. 51-60, 8 figs., 1954.
— and Griffenhagen, George B. An Mnglish balsam among the Dakota
Donors to the National Collections
(Hacept when otherwise indicated, the specimens were presented by individ- ual donors or were transferred by the Bureaus of the Government in accordance
with law)
Abbott, Mrs. Donald P., Pacific Grove, Calif.: 75 bottles of diatom material (202764).
Abbott, Dr. Donald P. Marine Station)
Abreu, M. R., Guaro, Oriente, Cuba: Nautiloid cephalopod from Tertiary of Cuba (200864).
Abriol, Col. R., Manila, P. I.: 1 horse- shoe crab from Malampaya Sound, Philippines (205828).
Academy of Natural Sciences of Phil- adelphia, Philadelphia, Pa.: 1 paratype of a new subspecies of land snail from Texas (203844) ; 2,009 plants collected by Dr. F. W. Pennell (205991, ex- change).
Aczél, Dr. Martin L., Tucuman, Ar- gentina: 6 fruit flies from South Amer- ica (206065).
Adams, Dr. C. D., Achimota, Gold Coast, Africa: 32 West African ferns (202916, exchange).
Adams, Mrs. Scott, Chevy Chase, Md.: 218 pieces—costumes and costume ac- cessories of late 18th and 19th centuries, sofa, 2 tables of mid-19th century, 2 foot warmers, wine bottle dated “1845,” and cast iron kettle (206516).
Aellen, Dr. Paul, Basel, Switzerland : 10 specimens of plants (193792).
Agriculture, U. S. Department of, Washington, D. C.: Agricultural Re- search Service: 77 grasses from India, Pakistan and Afghanistan (202626) ; 81 miscellaneous plants (203054, 204604) ; 5 plants collected in Africa (203328) ; 7 land snails from Cuba and Hire (203908); 5,066 plants from Af- ghanistan, India, and Iran collected by Walter Koelz (205545). Hntomology Research Branch: 5 land mollusks and
54
(See Hopkins
1 copepod from Azores (202992); 4 brackish water snails from Colombia (204539) ; 4 land mollusks from Méx- ico, Costa Rica, the Canal Zone, and Panama (204794, 205826) ; 2 land snails and 4 crustacea from Hcuador and Ma- Geira (205151) ; 7 mollusks from Hon- duras and St. Thomas, V. I. (206016) ; 35,239 insects from all over the world (206527) ; (through W. H. Anderson) 18 amphipods with unknown grass from the Azores (202442) ; (through Dr. Paul W. Oman) 6 land snails from Lou- isiana, Hcuador, Jamaica, and Trini- dad (203271, 203456, 205368) ; 11 hermit erabs collected from an airplane from Wake Island by D. H. Bixby (205500) ; (through G. F. Callaghan) 1 land snail from Cuba (204008). Horticultural Crops Research Branch: 575 erypto- gams and 86 grasses (205426, 205546) ; 4 plants from Texas (206561) ; (through Dr. H. S. Gentry) 10 plants (203706) ; (through Dr. Donovan §8. Correll) 30 Mexican ferns (204395) ; (through Dr. W. Andrew Archer) 87 ferns from India (205146) ; (through Dr. John A. Steven- son) $40 specimens of plants and 47 marine algae (205544, 205551); 242 miscellaneous bryophytes collected in New York (205715). National Arbore- tum: 360 grasses from Colombia and India (193146) ; 330 eryptogams from India (204556) ; 18 phanerogams from Colombia and Puerto Rico (205716) ; 7 plants from various regions (204772). Rubber Plant Investigations: 983 plants eollected in Colombia by Dr. R. E. Schultes (203546). Forest Service: 34,786 miscellaneous insects from North America (206528); (through Doris Hayes) 1 fern from Florida (204771).
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, College Station, Texas: 32 specimens of miscellaneous grasses (204592).
Akers, W. H., New Orleans, La.: Foraminifer holotype from Recent of Louisiana (203125).
Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Au- burn, Ala.: (Through Prof. Donald EH. Davis) 152 specimens of mosses from Washington and Florida (205425).
Albanese, John S., Union, N. J.: 1 schallerite with hedyphane in granular franklinite ore from Franklin, N. J. (208806).
Aldrich, Dr. John W. (See Interior, U. S. Department of, Fish and Wildlife Service)
Alicata, Dr. Joseph E., Honolulu, T. H.: 71 land and fresh-water mollusks from Jordan (205945).
Allanson, B. R. (See Cape Town, University of)
Allard, H. A., Arlington, Va.: 95 plants from Virginia (204606).
Allen, Robert D., Claremont, Calif.: 1 mineral from Death Valley Calif. (206564).
Alpern, William J., Bridgeport, Conn. : Pyrolusite from Tetagouche River near Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada (204894).
Alvarez, Dr. José. (See Escuela Na- cional De Ciencias Biologicas)
Amadon, Dr. Dean. (See American Museum of Natural History)
Amano, Tetsuo, Naha, Okinawa: 120 plants collected on Okinawa (203157).
American Medical Association, Chi- cago, Ill.: “Height and Weight” Exhibit (205103).
American Museum of Natural His- tory, New York, N. Y.: (Through J. T. Nichols) 3 fishes, including 1 paratype, from Florida (202826, exchange) ; (through Dr. Mont A. Cazier) 131 bugs from Bimini (203306) ; (through Pa- tricia Vaurie) 1 paratype weevil from México (203339) ; (through Dr. Norman D. Newell) 2,633 specimens of fossil plants, including 237 figured and type Specimens, about 1,800 Paleozoic and 1,596 Mesozoic and Tertiary plants
ay)
(204745, exchange) ; (through Dr. Dean Amadon) 4 Madagascar birds (205851, exchange).
American Society of Photographic Art: (Through Edward L. Bafford) 51 prints by members of the Society for special exhibition during June 1955 (206534, loan).
American Viscose Corporation, Phil- adelphia, Pa.: 1 xanthate crumb, 3 rayon fabries (202699).
Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Grants, N. Mex.: (Through James Elias) 1 uranophane from Jurassic Todilto for- mation, Valencia County, N. Mex. (204599).
Ananthakrishnan, T. N., Madras, South India: 8 slides of thrips from India (202979, exchange).
Andersen, Dr. Harold V., Baton Rouge, La.: 3 foraminiferal samples from Eocene of Louisiana (204736, ex-
change).
Anderson, F. A. (See Burdick Corpo- ration)
Anderson, Karen, Arlington, Va.:
Hand-painted, and decorated, china silk fan, late 19th century (203722). Anderson, Philip, Cambridge, Mass.: (Through Dr. Arthur Boucot) 1 Mis- sissippian crinoid from Greencastle, Ind. (203772). Anderson, W. H. U. S. Department of) Anonymous: Silk commemorative handkerchief, World’s Columbian BHx- position, 1893 (204097) ; 1 egg of ex- tinct elephant bird (205515); 5 mis- cellaneous notes of 1786, 1857, 1858 and 1862-1874 (206056) ; (through Library of Congress) medallion in porcelain of George Washington (205980). Anisgard, Harry W., Maracaibo, Vene- zuela: 8 microsamples Foraminifera from Cretaceous, Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene of Venezuela (208161); 1 echinoid from Eocene of Venezuela (208329). Ansari, Dr. N., Teheran, Iran: 12 mosquitoes from Iran (202611). Archbold Biological Station, Lake Placid, Fla.: (Through L. J. Brass) 1 fern specimen from Florida (205435).
(See Agriculture,
56
Archer, Dr. W. Andrew (See Agri- eulture, U. S. Department of).
Armstrong Cork Co., Lancaster, Pa.: 61 small glass and plastic prescription containers (205915).
Armstrong, Mrs. Dorothy Hall, Bronxville, N. Y.: 1 Hall typewriter (205421).
Armstrong, Mrs. Edwin H., Rye Beach, N. H.: 11 electronic devices representing original inventions of Major Armstrong (202631).
Arnaud, Dr. Paul H., San Francisco, Calif.: 100 flies from Japan (206568).
Arnett, Dr. Ross H., Jr., Rochester, N. Y.: 640 beetles from India (203080, 203332).
Arnold, Mrs. John M., Hast Orange, N. J.: Washington Bi-Centennial silk commemorative handkerchief (203576).
Arp, Mr. and Mrs. L. G., Elkhorn, Wis.: (Through Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Miles) 1 white cotton apron of late 19th century with rhyme embroidered upon it in red (206480).
Artia, Ltd. (See Czechoslovakia, Government of)
Ashley, George, Pala, Calif.: Beryl erystal in matrix of montmorillonite and feldspar from Vandenburg mine, Pala, Calif. (203189, exchange).
Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Rail- way Co., Prewitt, N. Mex.: (Through T. O. Evans) 1 specimen of saurian leg bone, partially replaced by pitchblende, from McKinley County, N. Mex. (205560).
Atlantic Biological Station, St. An- drews, New Brunswick, Canada: (Through H. D. Fisher) 8 cetaceans (204653).
Atomic Energy Commission, Wash- ington, D. C.: 617 plants collected by F.. R. Nease from White Oak Creek and Lake Area, Oak Ridge National Lab- oratory (204202).
Aurouze, Mile. G., Paris, France: 1 microsample from Hocene of France (203064).
Australia, Commonwealth Govern- ment of, Department of Agriculture: 1 fern from Paraguay (2021380) ; 193 Aus- tralian plants (202917, exchange).
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Botanic Museum and Herbarium: 232 plants of Queensland and the Solomon Islands (203803, exchange). Common- wealth Scientific and Industrial Re- search Organization: 1 plant, cultivated in Australia (203327) ; 87 specimens of plants from northern Australia (206351, exchange) ; (through Dr. J. M. Thom- son) 83 fishes from Australia (2038037, exchange).
Axelrod, Herbert, New York, N. Y.: 28 golden tetra fishes, including types, from Georgetown, British Guiana (201839).
Bacon, B. B., Front Royal, Va.: 264 marine mollusks from near Aitape, New Guinea (205979).
Bafford, Edward L. (See American Society of Photographie Art)
Baker, Benjamin, Front Royal, Va.: 6 starfish, one with only four rays, from coral reef, Seleo Island, near Aitape, New Guinea (202753).
Baldinger, Col. O. M., Pasadena, Calif: 104 specimens: clothing and per- sonal relics of President and Mrs. War- ren G. Harding, uniforms for Major of the Infantry, Regular Army, ca. 1910, and uniforms worn by donor as per- sonal military aide to President War- ren G. Harding (201626).
Baldwin, Dr. J. T., Jr., Williamsburg, Va.: 1 red bat from Virginia (203766).
Bandy, Dr. Mark, Redfield, Iowa: 26 specimens of block mica, and 1 rutile from Miami District, Southern Rho- desia (203896).
Bandy, Dr. Orville L., Los Angeles, Calif.: 383 Foraminifera from Miocene of California (204469, exchange).
Banks, Mrs. Edgar J., Eustis, Fla.: 75 items of needlepoint lace, drawn work, embroideries and edgings, and other accessories of 19th-century ladies’ and infants’ dress (204996).
Barker, Dr. David. (See Hong Kong, University of)
Barker, Elonzo L., Deale, Md.: 1 double-zither type stringed instrument (204720).
Barlow, Dr. Eric. (See Southern Rhodesia Geological Survey)
DONORS
Barnard, Dr. J. lLaurens. (See Southern California, University of, Allan Hancock Foundation)
Barnes, Mrs. Alice Toole (deceased) : (Through Elizabeth Barnes) 20 speci- mens of costumes, costume accessories, children’s clothes of 19th century; 4 bedspreads and piece of tapa cloth (204487); (through Col. Theodore Barnes, Jr.) 1 single-woven Jacquard eoverlet (206519).
Barnes, Elizabeth. (See Barnes, Mrs. Alice Toole) Barnes, George (deceased):
(Through Col. Theodore Barnes, Jr.) Alabaster hand-carved pedestal and fireplace hood and facing (204486). Barnes, Mabel A. (deceased): (Through Col. Theodore Barnes, Jr.) 28 specimens or late 19th- and early 20th-century dolls and doll clothes, col- lection of Indian basketry, water jars, metate and mano; Chinese jar
(204485) . Barnes, Col. Theodore, Jr. (See Barnes, Mrs. Alice Toole; Barnes,
George; Barnes, Mabel A.; Woodruff, Pauline B.)
Barr, Dr. A. Ralph, St. Paul, Minn.: 12 mosquitoes and 2 flies from Minne- sota (203308, 205893, 206531).
Bartenstein, Dr. Helmut, Celle, Ger- many: 6 Foraminifera from Cretaceous of Austria and Jurassic of Germany (204915, exchange).
Bartholomew, Dr. George A., Jr., Los Angeles, Calif.: 1 barnacle from an ele- phant seal, San Nicolas Island (182915).
Bartley, Floyd, Circleville, Ohio: 120 plants collected in Ohio and adjacent areas (204457).
Bartsch, Dr. Paul, Lorton, Va.: 2 beetles and 1 land snail from Virginia, 1 silver-haired bat, 3 birds (202924, 203417, 204621, 204882).
Baschant, Dr. Rudolf, Linz, Austria: 100 Austrian plants mostly collected by donor (202851, exchange).
Bassindale, Dr. R.,. Bristol, England: 190 shrimps and 15 miscellaneous ma- rine invertebrates collected by donor from Gold Coast (203870).
TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
57
Bastes Tigre, Carlos. (See Minis- tério da Viacio e Obras Publicas)
Bayer, Frederick M., Washington, D. C.: 18 fresh-water snails from Vir- ginia (202679).
Bayerisches Feldspatwerk, Weiden, Germany: (Through Herr Direktor Wildenauer) 8 minerals from Hagen- dorf-Sud mine, Hagendorf, near Pley- stein, Oberpfalz, Germany (204802).
Bayly, Mrs. Clay, Boston, Mass.: 1 green satin dress, ca. 1895, and 1 fire- place screen of French bronze, Louis XVI style (206486).
Bears Bluff Laboratories, Wadmalaw Island, 8. C.: (Through Dr. G. Robert Lunz) 1 fish from off Kiawah Island, S. C. (204195).
Beaudoin, Kenneth L., Tenn.: 2 bones of (201896).
Beck, William M., Jr. State Board of Health)
Becker, George E., St. Louis, Mo.: Harly electric door bell (204109).
Beck-Lee Corporation, Chicago, Ill.: 1937 office medel electrocardiagraph (203311).
Beckmann, Dr. H., Berkhopen ub. Peine, Germany: 6 Devonian Foramini- fera from Germany (205281).
Beckwith, Frank D., Charles Town, W. Va.: Zanze, iron double bell, and hand rattle of cut seed pods collected about 1990 by Warren Cramet in Bel- gian Congo (208043).
Becraft, David T., Lodi, Calif.: 12 miscellaneous land and marine mollusks (202926, exchange).
Beer, Dr. Robert E., Lawrence, Kans. : 51 mites including holotype from Kan- sas (205996).
Beetle, Dorothy E., Laramie, Wyo.: 72 fresh-water mollusks from Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico (202137).
Beier, Dr. Max. (See Naturhis- torische Museum, Vienna)
Belgium, Government of, Station @Entomologie de VEtat, Minisiere de VAgriculture, Gembloux: (Through Dr. W. HE. van den Bruel) 3 muskrats from Belgium (201840).
Memphis, swamp rabbit
(See Florida
58
Belkin, Dr. J. N., Los Angeles, Calif. : 9 mosquitoes from Arizona (203595).
Bellini, Dr. E., Modena, Italy: 2 microsamples of Foraminifera from Tertiary of Italy (204673, exchange).
Ben-Dor, Dr. I., New York, N. Y.: 3 used Israel “Coin” stamps (205617).
Benedict, J. E., Jr., Silver Spring, Md.: 1 wood pewee (202853).
Benesh, Bernard, Burrville, Tenn.: 4 beetles (206569).
Bengston, Mrs. George, Evansdale— Waterloo, Iowa: 187 land and fresh- water mollusks from Iowa (203351).
Bennett, Dr. Harry J., Baton Rouge, La.: 3 balanoglossids from Grand Isle (198968).
Benson Grubstakers, and Panama Canal Natural History Society, Balboa, Panama: (Through James Zetek) 1,255 bird skins (203049).
Bentinck, William C., Calif.: 14 blackflies (202862).
Berg, Dr. Clifford O., Ithaca, N. Y.: 52 insects from New York (206530).
Bermudez, Dr. Pedro J., Jusepin, Venezuela: 10 Foraminifera from Re- cent of the Caribbean (203297); 34 Foraminifera from Cretaceous of Cuba and Jamaica (204916, exchange).
Berner, Leo D., La Jolla, Calif.: 23 type pelagic tunicates (202524).
Berry, Dr. S. Stillman, Redlands, Calif.: 43 marine and fresh-water mol- lusks, including paratypes of new spe- cies, from western part of the North American continent, and 19 paratypes of new species of marine mollusks from the Pleistocene of southern California (202750).
Bestor, Charles. School of Music)
Bettenstaedt, Dr. F., Hannover, Ger- many: 150 Cretaceous Foraminifera from northern Germany (208291, ex- change).
Bieda, Prof. Dr. Franciszek, Cracow, Poland: 85 Foraminifera from the Ju- rassic of Poland (205952, exchange).
Biese, Dr. Walter N., Santiago, Chile: 293 fresh-water shells, including para- types, from Chile (204473, exchange).
Berkeley, from Japan
(See Juilliard
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Biester, Mrs. Rae VY. (See Treasury Department, Bureau of the Mint)
Biezanko, Dr. C. M., Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: 293 miscellane- ous insects (203869) ; 362 insects from Brazil (206062, 206064, 206070, 206570).
Biggs, Joseph D., Washington, D. C.: 1 gray fox from Washington, D. C. (204805).
Bishop Museum, Bernice P., Hono- lulu, T. H.: 183 plants of Micronesia and Rotuma; 398 plants of Fiji and Hawaii, collected by H. St. John and others (205240, 205990, exchange).
Blake, Mrs. Doris, Washington, D. C.: 142 beetles from Texas (206455).
Blakeslee, Maj. Theodore C. (See Defense, Department of, Department of the Army)
Blandford, Ned, McLean, Va.: 1 born- ite from Fairfax Quarry, Centreville, Va. (203981); 3 chabazite specimens from Lane County, Oreg. (205093).
Blandy Experimental Farm, Boyce, Va.: 34 plants (203122).
Blanton, Col. F. S., Washington, D. C.: 265 miscellaneous insects from Panam4& (202982, 205097).
Bliven, Brunson P., Eureka, Calif.: 16 type bugs (204800).
Blom, Richard A., Sioux Falls, S. Dak.: 3 land snails from South Dakota (204857).
Blume, Dr. Werner, Goettingen, Ger- many: 102 land and marine mollusks from Egypt and Syria (203234, ex- change).
Bobst, Elmer H. cott Laboratories)
Boerger, Alfred G., Toledo, Ohio: 1 folder letter sheet with reprint of ‘“Mag- nus” view of Chicago (205614).
Bolli, Dr. Hans, Trinidad, B. W. I.: 6 Foraminifera from the Cretaceous of Tunisia (198177) ; 2 samples of Recent river mud for Protozoa from Trinidad (203295) ; 31 Foraminifera from Oligo- ecene of Trinidad (203522, 204467) ; 200 Foraminifera and 1 microsample from Cretaceous and Tertiary of Trinidad, B. W. I. (206355, exchange).
Boole, John A. Jr., Chapel Hill, N. C.: 25 microscope mounts of woods (204696, exchange).
(See Warner-Chil-
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
Borro Garcia, Primitivo, Havana, Cuba: 27 Recent and Oligocene brachio- pods from Cuba (205096).
Boston Public Library, Boston, Mass. : (Through Arthur W. Heintzelman) 32 etchings by Mr. Heintzelman for exhi- bition January 381-March 27, 1955 (204716, loan).
Boston University, Boston, Mass.: 39 plants collected in Alaska by Dr. A. R. Hodgdon (203052).
Botanic Garden, Washington, D. C.: 1 trunk section of a dwarf Hinoki False- cypress (205986).
Botanisch Museum en Herbarium, Utrecht, Netherlands: 124 ferns, includ- ing types (204667, exchange).
Botanische Staatssammlung, Mu- nich, Germany: 1 plant from México (205200).
Botanisches Institut der Universitat, Heidelberg, Germany: 380 plants col- lected in PerG and Heuador by Prof. Dr. Werner Rauh (204887).
Bottimer, L. J., Kerrville, Tex.: 1 beetle from New Jersey (2048389).
Boucot, Dr. Arthur J., Arlington, Va.: 2,000 invertebrate fossils from Silurian and Devonian formations of New Bruns- wick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec (208552) ; 2 minerals from Richmond, N. H., and Deadman’s Canyon, Hl Paso County, Colo. (203956, exchange) ; 10 tungsten ores from North Carolina, 1 jarosite from Maryland, 1 diadochite from Tennessee, and 1 chabazite from West Greenland (204464, exchange) ; 1 mineral, glaucodot, from Quartzberg, Oreg. (205283) ; 10 brachiopods from Silurian of New York (206085) ; 1 side- rite specimen from Greenland (206506). (See also Anderson, Philip; Gould, James; and Kingsley, Prof. Louise)
Bousfield, Dr. E. L. (See Canada, Government of)
Boush, Dr. G. Mallory, Lexington, Ky.: 2 crayfishes from Kentucky (203645).
Bowman, Capt. H. E., Ventura, Calif. : Skull of Indian female found on bank of Ventura River (205525).
Bowman, Dr. Thomas E., Washing- ton, D. C.: 993 marine invertebrates and
59
2 gastropods from the Pacific (2038690). (See also Scripps Institute of Ocea- nography )
Box, Harold E., Port-of-Spain, Trin- idad, B. W. I.: 8 moths from Central and South America (2083807).
Bradford, Faith, Chevy Chase, Md.: 1 pink brocade christening blanket ; cot- ton exercise suit worn by donor’s mother, and iron slave collar, both of 1860 period (204880, 205244).
Brady, Thomas F., Yorktown Village, Va.: 10 amphibians and reptiles from Elk Mountain, Nelson County, Va. (206341).
Branham, Mrs. Hugh, Fort Myers Beach, Fla.: 1 marine mollusk from East Africa (203427).
Brantley, Odell M., Silesia, Md.: 1 raccoon from Maryland (205412).
Brass, L. J. (See Archbold Biological Station)
Brazer, Dr. Clarence W., Flushing, N. Y.: 28 U.S. cigar and snuff Internal Revenue stamps, overprinted (204479).
Breckenridge, Dr. Jack D., Centralia, Wash.: Polished slab of agate from near Tono, Wash. (203779).
Bridwell, J. C., Lignum, Va.: 119 weevils and 4 hymenopterous parasites (205098).
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah: 30 grasses from Utah (201298).
Brissaud, Marce, Trona, Calif.: 20 saline minerals from Searles Lake, Calif. (205802, exchange).
Brittan, Dr. Martin R. mento State College)
Bronnimann, Dr. P., Havana, Cuba: 275 type specimens of Foraminifera from Cretaceous and Tertiary of Cuba and Trinidad (203721).
Brother Ginés. (See Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, Caracas)
Brown, Noel, Havana, Cuba: 48 For- aminifera from the Cretaceous of Cuba (203720, exchange); 8 microsamples from Cretaceous of Texas (2043888, ex- change).
Brown, Paul L., Champaign, Ill.: 3 crayfishes (205359).
Brown, Dr. W. L. (See Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology)
(See Sacra-
60
Bruce, David K. E., Washington, D. C.: 122 first flight covers in 2 volumes, dating from 1929 to 1988 (206484).
Brunel, Pierre. (See Nadeau, Vic- tor)
Brunner, Dr. Henri, Lausanne, Switz- erland: 96 European ferns (205434, ex- change).
Bruns, Franklin R., Jr.. Washington, D. C.: Collection of Chinese stamps, 1878-1940 (204197) ; 3,014 foreign and domestie philatelic specimens (204198, 204894, 205628, 206372, 206492, 2065388).
Bruns, Hattie H., New York, N. Y.: 1 United States first day cover and 1 United Nations first day cover (205616).
Brunson, Dr. Royal Bruce, Missoula, Mont.: 22 specimens gastrotricha from Michigan (205251). (See also Pres- eott, Dr. Gerald W.)
Brush, Warren D., Silver Md.: 7 phanerogams (206028).
Bullis, Harvey, Jr. (See Interior, Department of the, Fish and Wildlife Service)
Bureh, John B., Ann Arbor, Mich.: 210 land snails from Virginia (204540).
Burch, Mrs. T. A., Silver Spring, Md.: 2 mammals from Liberia (206450).
Burdick Corperation, Milton, Wis.: (Through F. A. Anderson) Modern elec- trocardiograph display (203309).
Burkhart, J. (See Hattrick, E. N.)
Burks, Dr. B. D., Washington, D. C.: Approximately 2,000 miscellaneous adult insects collected by donor in May— June, 1954, near Paris, France (202866).
Burlingame, Agnes. (See Women’s International Stamp Club)
Burroughs, Paul, Concord, N. H.: 1 cut rose quartz from Minas Gerais, Brazil (203983, exchange); 1 rock- bridgeite specimen from Fletcher mine, North Groton, N. H. (204676, ex- change) ; 1 cut rose quartz from Brazil (205882, exchange).
Bushee, Mrs. Florence, Newbury, Mass. : 63 antique paperweights and as- sociated specimens of glass (205600, loan).
Butler, Mrs. Virginia, Osterville, Mass.: 4 pieces of gold and black Chi- nese lacquer from Foochow (203542).
Spring,
8S eee SS
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Butler University, Indianapolis, Ind. : (Through Dean K. L. Kaufman) All- glass Oldberg percolator, ca. 1890 (204491).
Byas, Walter J., Washington, D. C.: 48 land moliusks from Warren County, Va., (203337).
Cahalane, Victor H. (See Interior, U. S. Department of the, National Park Service)
Calderwood, Stanford. Corporation)
California, University of, Berkeley, Calif.: 5 grasses from California (202691, 204106) ; 845 plants, mostly collected in El Salvador by J. Tucker (2038605, gift-exchange) ; (through Dr. Deane Furman) 8 fresh-water snails from California (202217); (through Boyd W. Walker) 16 fishes, including 2 paratypes, from tropical Pacific Ocean (202444, exchange) ; (through Beecher Crampton) 12 grasses collected in Cali- fornia (205285) ; (through Dr. Paul D. Hurd, Jr.) 1 first-stage meloid larvae, blister beetles (205537).
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Calif.: 2 grasses from Cali- fornia (204608) ; 449 plants from Cali- fornia (205906, exchange); (through Dr. Hugh B. Leech) 4 beetles from Brit- ish Columbia and Oregon (202987). (See also Interior, U. S. Department of, Fish and Wildlife Service)
California State Fisheries Labora- tory, San Pedro, Calif.: (Through John H. Fitch) 1 fish, holotype, taken May 3, 1954, by Harold B. Clemens on tuna clipper Mayflower (202845).
Callaghan, G. F. (See Agriculture, U. 8S. Department of, Hntomology Re- search Branch)
Cambridge, Mrs. Henry S., Wilmette, Ill.: 2 vests, lined with fur, used by U. S. Navy during World War II (204488).
Cambridge, Philip, Wales: 75 Paleozoic brachiopods (205092).
Campbell, Maj. J. Duncan, Harris- burg, Pa.: 1 iron fife, ca. American Rey- olution (2047038, exchange).
(See Polaroid
Cardiff, South and Mesozoic
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
Campbell, Dr. Kenneth, Armidale, Australia: 5 Permian brachiopods from
Queensland, Australia (204548, ex: change). Canada, Government of, National
Museum of Canada, Ottawa: 139 Cana- dian lichens (206027, exchange); (through Dr. Loris S. Russell) 7 fossil mollusks from the Hocene, Kishenehn formation, Montana (204672) ; (through Dr. BH. L. Bousfield) 53 speci- mens of amphipods (204918, exchange).
Canfield Fund, Smithsonian Institu- tion: Turquoise nugget from Villa Grove Turquoise Lode, Colo. (203229) ; 1 tourmaline group from Conselheiro Pena, Brazil (203890) ; 2 minerals from Centreville, Va. (203891) ; 1 dinosaur bone replaced by agate and amethyst from western Montrose County, Colo. (204903) ; 400 minerals from Franklin, N. J. (204904) ; 6 minerals from Crystal Park, Pikes Peak, Hl Paso County, Colo. (204440) ; 3 schallerite specimens from New Jersey (205553).
Cantrall, Dr. Irving J. (See Michi- gan, University of)
Cape Town, University of, Ronde- bosch, Union of South Africa: (Through B. R. Allanson) 5 mollusks, including paratype, from South Africa (204853) ; (through Dr. E. A. Schelpe) 8 ferns from South Africa (206472, exchange).
Cardozo, J. S., Klamath Falls, Oreg.: 73 United States and foreign coins (201556).
Carrow, John J., Brookmont, Md.: 1 etching by G. B. Piranesi, “Veduta in- terna della Villa de Mecenate”’ (208075).
Carpenter, Dr. F. M. University, Zoology)
Carranza, Dr. Jorge. (See Instituto Mexicano De Recursos Naturales Re- novables)
Carson, Frank, New Concord, Ohio: 1 nail, ca. 1825 (205256).
Carter, Ann, Tyler, Tex.: 1 Mesozoic core sample from the Gulf Coastal Plain (205249).
Carter, D. J., London, England: 4 Recent foraminiferal samples from
(See Harvard Museum of Comparative
61
Funafuti Atoll and the Challenger Ex- pedition (203065, exchange).
Casanova, Dr. Richard L., Statesville, WN. C.: 150 Tertiary invertebrate fossils from Okinawa (203610, exchange).
Casey, Raymond, London, England: 1 microsample of Lower Cretaceous from England (203057); 7 foraminiferal samples and 6 ammonites from the Lower Cretaceous (Gault) of England (205559).
Cate, Margaret Davis, Sea Island, Ga.: 1 fresh-water mussel from Georgia (203639).
Causey, David, Fayetteville, Ark.: 4 slides, comprising the type series of a trematode worm (205704) ; 7 lots of parasitic copepods from vicinity of Pas- eagoula, Miss. (204709). (See also Causey, Dr. Nell Bevel)
Causey, Dr. Nell Bevel, and Causey, Dr. David, Fayetteville, Ark. : 19 marine invertebrates, 8 echinoderms, and 7 mol- lusks, collected early summer 1954 at Isla de Sacrificios, off Veracruz, México (203626).
Cazier, Dr. Mont A. (See American Museum of Natural History)
Central Inland Fisheries Research Station, Calcutta, India: 33 specimens of Indian mullets (202918, exchange).
Central Institute for the Deaf, St. Louis, Mo.: (Through Dr. S. Richard Silverman) 1 “acoustic fan” hearing aid combined with a hearing trumpet (205981).
Chace, E. P. (See Natural History Museum, San Diego, Calif.)
Chadbourne, Mrs. H. C., Washington, D. C.: 5 illuminated family records, Bal- timore, ca. 1850 (204721).
Chamberlain Fund, Frances Lea, Smithsonian Institution: 1 greened amethyst, and 1 twin-colored amethyst from Bahia, Brazil (202409) ; 1 scapo- lite cat’s eye from Malaya (203889) ; 1 eut blue topaz from Bald Face Moun- tain, North Chatham, N. H. (204912) ; 1 albite Cat’s eye, 42.60 carats, from Burma (205339) ; 2 sherry-colored to- pazes, Crystal Park area, Colo., 1 blue topaz from Glen Cove, Pikes Peak, Colo. (206034).
62
Chapman, Milton, Puerto Barrios, Guatemala: 25 butterflies and moths from Colombia (204884).
Chase, Joseph Cummings, Milwaukee, Wis. : 79 portraits of World War I U. S. Army personnel, and 1 portrait Korean War U.S. Army enlisted man (203612).
Chell, Rey. Erwin, Puttur, South In- dia: 1 chameleon, 7 snakes, and collec- tion of insects from Chittoor District, South India, collected by donor (204140).
Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Ill.: 3 flying lizards from the Philippines, Sumatra, and Indo-China (198236, exchange); 2 plants from South America (202760); 24 plants from Venezuela and 10 from Missouri collected by J. A. Steyermark (203117, 203963, exchange) ; 149 plants, various regions and collectors (203587, gift-ex- change) ; 22 plants, mostly historical specimens, from South America (204554, exchange) ; (through Loren P. Woods) 38 frogfishes, including 1 paratype (204527, exchange).
Christian, David M., Nanticoke, Pa.: 1 yellow-billed tropic bird (203976).
Christian, Dr. John J. (See Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health)
Ciba Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., Summit, N. J.: 1 allergy exhibit consist- ing of three panels (205534).
Ciry, Professor. (See Université de Dijon)
Clancy, Jack T. Co.)
Clark, Col. Eugene S., Jr., Sandwich, Mass., Glass, Robert, Ellisville, Mass., and Slip, Roy, Attleboro, Mass. : basket- starfish mounted in plastic (205059).
Clark, Dr. R. B., Berkeley, Calif.: 5 type polychaetes collected by M. L. Jones from San Francisco Bay, Calif., September 1958 (2043877).
Clark University, Worcester, Mass.: 7 phanerogams (205651) ; (through Dr. David Potter) 69 ferns, 46 cryptogams from New Zealand (206093).
Clarke, Dr. J. F. Gates, Washington, D. C.: 21 land snails from Maryland (204105).
(See Kremers Urban
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Clarke, Mr. John Semple (deceased) : Model of American-type locomotive made of brass and steel (206440).
Clarke, William D., New York, N. Y.: 15 paratype mysids (203888).
Claude Ezell and Associates, Dallas, Tex.: 1 Cretaceous ammonite from near Fort Worth, Tex. (204239).
Clay, Dr. William M. (See Louis- ville, University of)
Clemson Agricultural College, Clem- son, 8S. C.: 21 plants collected in Haiti by Prof. C. H. Arndt (205540); (through Frances McAlister) 4 beetles from James Island, Va. (202923).
Clench, Dr. William J. (See Har- vard University, Museum of Compara- tive Zoology)
Clint, Mrs. Katherine L., Brownsville, Tex.: 14 plants from México (206563).
Cloud, Dr. Preston E., Jr. (See In- terior, U. S. Department of the, Geologi- cal Survey)
Coats, Jim, Pratt, Kans. : 3 bird skele- tons (203506).
Cogswell, Guy K., Washington, D. C.: 10 items relating to fashions and naval clothing of the early 1900’s (205723).
Colby, Sylvester, New York, N. Y.: 1 United States first day pictorial post- card, franked with 2-cent Jefferson post- age stamp of 1954 (205613).
Cole, Dr. A. C., Knoxville, Tenn. : 149 ants, including 18 paratypes, from North America (202860, 206029, 2065783).
Cole, Dr. Lewis Gregory, White Plains, N. Y.: 1925 model of X-ray mo- tion picture machine made by donor (203970).
Colégio Anchieta, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: 77 grasses from Brazil, collected by Dr. B. Rambo (202759).
Coleman, R. G., Falls Church, Va.: 4 minerals, 1 analyzed rock from near Idria, Calif. (205157).
Collin, H.G. (See White Motor Com- pany)
Collins, Dr. Henry B., Washington, D. C.: 21 miscellaneous insects and spiders from Southampton Island, Hud- son Bay, Canada (203531).
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
Colorado Agricultural and Mechani- cal College, Fort Collins, Colo.: 1 plant from Colorado (203053).
Columbia Stamp Co., Elmhurst, N. Y.: 1 first day cover, United Nations 3-cent ICAO stamp, Feb. 9, 1955 (205619).
Commerce, U. S. Department of, Washington, D. C.: 8 medals awarded by act of Congress, March 1914, to crew of Steamer Kroonland for bravery in rescuing crew of Steamer Volturno (208525). Coast and Geodetic Survey: Chronometer obtained in 1848 and marked “Arnold and Dent, 84 Strand, London, No. 1131” (206050). Weather Bureau: Late 19th century telescope (204611); (through Robert Wright) scientific precision clock (205420) ; mis- cellaneous meteorological instruments (204612).
Commerford, Leon, Washington, D. C.: 7 G.A.R. badges (203593).
Compere, Dr. H., Riverside, Calif.: 100 Chaleid wasps from Africa (205710).
Conant, Lewis C., Fort Myers, Fla.: 5-dollar note issued by Bank of West Florida, Appalachicola (203331).
Conkin, James E., Beeville, Tex.: 20 Foraminifera from the Mississippian of Kentucky (203058) ; holotype of Ordo- vician pelecypod from Kentucky (204391). (See also Klett, George)
Cook, Dr. Edwin F. (See Minnesota, University of)
Cooley, George R., Cambridge, Mass. : 4 grasses from Georgia and Florida (204199).
Cooper, Dr. G. Arthur, Washington, D. C.: 750 specimens of invertebrate fossils from Porterville Quarry, Va. (206509).
Cooper, Dr. K. W., Rochester, N. Y.: 2 land snails from Florida (205287).
Copenhagen, University of, Copen- hagen, Denmark: 96 plants (202671, ex- change) ; 370 plants collected in Argen- tina by ‘Troels Myndel Pedersen (203904, exchange); 479 plants col- lected in southern Europe by Joh. Lange and C. Raunkiaer (204886, exchange).
859492—55 6
63
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. (Through Dr. W. J. Hamilton, Jr.) : 9 small mammals from Korea (205207). Bailey Hortorium: 17 cultivated plants (204444, gift-exchange) ; (through Dr. H. E. Moore, Jr.) 5 cultivated plants
(204726) ; 4 cultivated phanerogams (206349, exchange). Cornman, Dr. Ivor, Washington,
D. C.: 7 gorgonians, 4 isopods (204976).
Coronado, Dr. Pedro S., Lima, Pert: 115 Perfivian ferns (204232).
Correll, Dr. Donovan S. (See Agri- culture, U. S. Department of, Horticul- tural Crops Research Branch)
Corroy, Professor, Marseille, France: 1 slab of rock containing Foraminifera, and 16 invertebrate fossils from Cre- taceous and Triassic of France (203198, exchange).
Cortés, Rail, Santiago, Chile: 9 flies from Chile, including allotype of new species (206066).
Corwin, Dr. Gilbert. (See Interior, U. S. Department of the, Geological Survey)
Costlow, Dr. John D., Jr., Beaufort, N. C.: 1 type lot of barnacles, found at Beaufort (204822).
Cott, Dr. H. Edwin, Dugway, Utah:
14 beetles (205003); 29 antlions (205005). Cottam, Dr. Walter P. (See Utah,
University of)
Cottrell, Ray E., Houston, Pa.: Fin- ished board section of curly yellow buckeye from Canonsburg, Washington County, Pa. (205985).
Cox, Thomas F., Berkeley, Calif: 1 colored lead figure of mounted trooper, U. S. Cavalry, 1876 (202960).
Craig, Wilfred G., Ames, Iowa: 9 moths from North America (202983).
Crampton, Beecher. (See California, University of)
Crane, Max H., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 1 Hastman 3A autographic folding pocket Kodak (205479).
Crecelius, Dr. H. Gilbert, Phoenix, Ariz.: (Through Health, Education and Welfare, Department of) 2 fresh- water clams from water supply of Phoenix (203613).
64
Crickmay, Dr. Colin H., Calgary, Al- berta, Canada: 2 Devonian brachiopods from British Columbia (205094, ex- change).
Crooks, William D. and Company )
Crown Agents for the Colonies, Washington, D. C.: (Through A. J. E. Davis) 26 philatelic specimens (203805, 204208, 205574, 206369).
Cummings, Dr. R., Glasgow, Scot- land: Approximately 25 Foraminifera from the Carboniferous of Scotland and Tertiary of Africa (2038070, exchange).
Curtis, Karl P., Gamboa, C. Z.: 2 brocket deer from Panama (203603).
Curtis, Lawrence, ort Worth, Tex.: 5 copperhead snakes from southeast Texas (205519).
Cushman Foundation for Foraminif- eral Research, Washington, D. C.: (Through Dr. John B. Reeside, Jr.) 20 washed Miocene foraminiferal samples and 2 slides of Foraminifera from Austria (205399).
Cutress, Charles E., Honolulu, T. H.: 9 lots of aleyonarians (204975).
Cuvillier, Dr. J., Paris, France: 25 Foraminifera from Cretaceous. of France and Paleocene of Arabia (203194, exchange).
Czechoslovakia, Government of: (Through Artia) 50 Czechoslovakian philatelic specimens (204188, 204616, 204899, 206362, 206552) ; Antonin Zapo- tocky 70th birthday mint set, first-day cover, and souvenir sheet (205219).
Dahlgreen Fund, Smithsonian Insti- tution: “Le Coup de Vent,” linoleum cut by Felix Vallotton (203968).
Dalbies, M. F., Begles, France: 8 type Foraminifera from Cretaceous of Tu- nisia (204739).
Dales, Dr. Phillips, London, England: 36 polychaetes, including 1 paratype (205257).
Dally, Jesse L., Morgantown, W. Va.: 60 early Mississippian brachiopods from Bluefield, W. Va. (204570, exchange).
Darlington, Dr. P. J. (See Harvard University, Musewmn of Comparative Zoology)
(See Eli Lilly
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Darnell, Dr. Rezneat M., New Or- leans, La.: 583 miscellaneous marine invertebrates from Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana (200306). (See also Tulane University )
Davis, A. G., London, England: 100 foraminifera from Persia (203066).
Davis, A. J. E. (See Crown Agents for the Colonies)
Davis, Dr. David E., Baltimore, Md.: Skulls of 4 deer from James Island, Md. (206524).
Davis, Prof. Donald E. bama Polytechnic Institute)
Davis, Francis W., Waltham, Mass.: Prototype power steering apparatus for automobiles constructed by donor in 1925 (202515).
Davis, Guy C., Kansas City, Mo.: 1 drawing instrument used by General Philip H. Sheridan (203524).
Davis, Dr. Jess H., (See Stevens In- stitute of Technology)
Dawson, Albert, Heathsville, Va.: 1 Tertiary crab from Northumberland County, Va. (203342).
de Andrade, N. F., Lisbon, Portugal: 7 paratype wasps from Cyprus (203597).
Debourle, A., Pau, France: 53 For- aminifera from Eocene of France (205554, 206357, exchange).
Defense, U. S. Department of, Wash- ington, D. C., Armed Forces Epidemio- logical Board: (Through Lt. J. Knox Jones, Jr.) 480 mammals from Korea (202890). Armed Forces Medical Li- brary: (Through R. H. Eeckenbach) 1 Draeger microfilm camera (204575). DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY: Commis- Sions, relics, documents, ete., relating to eareer of General David L. Brainard (203592). Army Medical Service Grad- wate School: (Through Dr. Phyllis T. Johnson) 3 crayfish (204448) ; (through Lt. Col. Robert Traub) 350 mammals collected by Capt. William H. Lawrence in Korea, 49 birds, and 1 Malayan slow loris (202867, 206557). Brooke Army Medical Center: (Through Lt. Col. Sam- uel O. Hill) 1 red bat from Texas (202613). 406th Medical General Labo- ratory: (Through Maj. Theodore C.
(See Ala-
DONORS
Blakeslee) 4 mammals collected by Lt. Howard R. Bullock in Korea (208200). Preventive Medicine Survey: (Through Capt. Hilton H. Earle, Jr.) 72 fishes, 38 reptiles, insects, 86 marine inverte- brates, 823 mollusks (201951, 204856) ; (through Charles M. Keenan) 88 mam- mals from Panama and Canal Zone (202695) ; (through Lt. J. Knox Jones, Jr.) 40 mammals from Korea (206448). Walter Reed Army Medical Center: (Through Lt. Col. Robert Traub) 92 fleas from North America and 345 vials of ticks, world wide (206517, 206518). DEPARTMENT OF THE Navy, U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 8: (Through Colin Campbell Sanborn) 236 mammals from the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (190610) ; (through Lt. Comdr. Robert EK. Kuntz) 106 mammals from Egypt (206558) ; (through Dr. William H. Wells) 390 reptiles and amphibians, 8 marine fishes, 225 mollusks, 52 marine invertebrates, and 25 birds (202886, 204560). Naval Observatory: 1 caleu- lating machine, Heli ‘Millionaire’ (204773).
DeFriece, Frank W., Jr. sengill Co., S. H.)
Degener, Otto, Waialua, Hawaii: 1 Hawaiian sooty tern (204883).
Deichmann, Dr. Elisabeth. (See Harvard University, Museum of Com- parative Zoology)
de Klasz, Dr. I., Gabon, French West Africa: 25 Foraminifera from the Cre- taceous of Bavaria and France, includ- ing 19 types (208071) ; 32 Foraminifera, including 11 paratypes, from the Cre- taceous of Bavaria (208121, 203294, ex- change).
de Koninck, Dr. Marcel, Quezalte- nango, Guatemala: 148 grasses from Guatemala (202694, 203025, 203326, 203898); 39 plants from Guatemala (203840).
Delhi, University of, Delhi, India: 105 plants collected in India (203545, exchange). ;
Demaree, Dr. Delzie, Ocean Springs, Miss.: 459 plants from Mississippi (201397, 204456, 204607, 205603); 83
(See Mas-
TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
65
grasses from Mississippi and Arkansas (204025, 204360).
Denmark, Dr. H. A. State Plant Board of)
Dennen, Mrs. Sarah S., New York, N. Y.: Model of the yacht America (206439).
de Oliveira, Dr. Paulo E., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: 1 marine mollusk from Brazil (205243) ; 1 pelecypod from Up- per Cretaceous of Brazil (205400).
DePauw University, Greencastle, Ind.: 58 plants collected in Tonga (203606, gift-exchange).
des Abbayes, Prof. Henry N. Université de Rennes)
Desautels, Paul E., Towson, Md.: 1 eyanotrichite from Banat, Hungary (204730).
de Souza Lopes, Dr. H., Rio de Ja- neiro, Brazil: 6 marine mollusks from Fernando Noronha Island, Brazil (208611).
Diem, José, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina: 44 ferns from Argentina (204392).
Diener, Richard L., Reading, Pa.: 148 plants collected in Mississippi (203287).
Dietz, Ralph W., China Lake, Calif.: 1 specimen of hubnerite from California and 1 hyalite from Idaho (205331, ex- change).
di Napoli Alliata, Dr. Enrico, Rome, Italy: 3 Foraminifera from Pliocene of Italy (208719).
Diviszo de Defesa Sanitaria Vegetal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: (Through Dr. C. R. Gonealves) 633 ants from Brazil,
(See Florida,
(See
including 11 paratypes (2083874, ex- change).
Division of Entomology, Pretoria, South Africa: (Through Dr. J. C.
Faure) 16 thrips, including 9 paratypes, from Africa (202703).
Dix, George P., Jr., Grand Junction, Colo.: Gold in uraninite from Virgin mine, Placer de Guadeloupe, Chihuahua, México (204914, loan).
Dodds, L. B. (See Hazeltine Corpo- ration)
Dodge, Dr. H. R., Savannah, Ga.: 5 type sarcophagid flies from Georgia (202606). (See also Health, Education
66
and Welfare, U. S. Department of, U. S. Public Health Service)
Dodge and Olcott, Inc.. New York, N. Y.: (Through Ruth Farnworth) An exhibit titled “The Evolution of Fla- voring Medicine” (203201).
Donken, W. P., New York, N. Y.: 1 posteard marking 25th Anniversary ist flight Buenos Aires to Miami (204882).
Dorfman, David, Washington, D. C.: 1 unused Palestine, 5 milliemes on 1 piastre, Scott’s No. 3 (206368).
Douse, Mrs. Dorothy E., Washington, D. C.: 1 German Bundespost cover, Feb. 26, 1955 (206493).
Drake, Dr. C. J.. Ames, Iowa: 5 bugs from Africa (202610).
Dranga, Ted, Miami, Fla.: 4 marine mollusks from Costa Rica (205703).
Drooger, Dr. C. W., Utrecht, Nether- lands: 2 Foraminifera from Tertiary of Hast Indies (204740).
Duke University, Durham, N. C.: (Through Donald W. Strasburg) 19 fishes, mostly from Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands, collected by Mr. Strasburg (202825) ; 23 fishes, including types of blennies from the Hawaiian Islands (206058).
Dupérier, Roger, Biarritz, France: 5 Recent brachiopods from off the coast of France (203199).
Dupont, James M., Stirling, N. J.: 2 jadeite celts from Patuztin, Guatemala (204775) ; 2 mineral specimens from
Canada and Germany (204936, ex- change). Earle, Capt. Hilton H., Jr. (See De-
fense, Department of, Depariment of the Army)
Ebert, F. M., Tamaqua, Pa. : 10 fresh- water pearls and 12 Unio shells from Schuylkill River, Pa. (204856).
Kckenbach, R. H. (See Department of Defense, Armed Forces Medical Li- brary)
Ecole d’Agriculture, Rimouski, Que- bec, Canada: 24 grasses from Canada (208764); 12 plants (204559, ex- change).
Eddy, Dr. Samuel. University of)
(See Minnesota,
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Eggler, Prof. Willis A. comb College)
Hichner, L. C., Clifton, N. J.: Repro- duction of Isaae Newton’s telescope (205702, loan).
Eickemeyer Fund, Smithsonian In- stitution: 1 motion picture camera, 17.5 mm., made about 1915 for Thomas Armat by Joseph Chlopicki (205522).
Eide, Paul M., Mount Vernon, Wash. : 6 moths (205064).
Eisenack, Prof. Dr. A., Reutlingen, Germany : 3 slides of Ordovician Foram- inifera from Germany (205250, ex- change).
Eisenhower, President Dwight D, Washington, D. C.: 3 painted pottery vases presented to President Hisen- hower by Ulysses O. C. Tsangarides on behalf of people of Cyprus (203984) ; vase of bone china commemorating the coronation, June 2, 1953, of Queen Eliz- abeth II, presented to the United States of America through the British Em- bassy (205524, deposit).
Hisenhower, Mrs. Dwight D., Wash- ington, D. C.: Pair of pink silk opera- length gloves worn by donor with her inaugural ball gown (208303); pearl and rhinestone choker-type necklace, bracelet and earrings, worn by donor with inaugural ball gown (203966).
Elbel, Robert E., Bangkok, Thailand: 182 mammals and 4385 birds collected in Siam by Mr. Elbel and Dr. Boonsong Lekagul (206514).
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Ind.: (Through William D. Crooks) Replica of Kimble ampoule (original anti-toxin bulb) made of amber glass, and set of ampoule slides with deserip- tive ecards (203203).
Elias, James. (See Anaconda Copper Mining Co.)
Ellis, T. K., Hot Springs, Va.: 300 cladocerans, 496 mysids, and 4 shrimps from South Carolina (200849).
Ellsworth, D. W., Lynnwood, Wash. : Pen and ink drawing of battle of Vicks- burg made during the Civil War by Alfred Garrett (206540).
Ely, Mrs. Myra H., Washington, D. C.: Diary kept by Joseph K. Hoyt, Company
(See New-
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
G, 45th Brigade, Illinois Volunteers, 1863 (204804).
Emerson, Dr. A. E., Chicago, Ill.: 15 termites from Illinois (205708).
Emerson, Lt. Col. K. C., Fort Leaven- worth, Kans.: 32 lice, including 10 paratypes, from Europe, South Asia, and Philippine Islands (203171).
Emerson, William K., Berkeley, Calif.: 1 specimen of Gorgonian (203846).
Emery, Charles E., Annapolis, Md.: 538 pictorial photographs by Charles EH. Emery for special exhibition March— April 1955 (205237, loan).
Enders, Dr. Robert K., Swarthmore, Pa.: 23 mammals from Pakistan (202868) ; 269 mammals from vicinity of Jackson Hole, Wye. (202989) ; 31 rats from Saipan, Marianas Islands (202990).
Engler, Arthur, Oakland, Calif.: 1 signed die proof of unofficial Santa Claus poster stamp (202446).
Erdman, Donald S., Mayagiiez, Puerto Rico: (Through Isaac Ginsburg) 4 fishes collected near the mouth of Guajataca River, Puerto Rico (203290).
Escuela Agricola Panamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras: 1 fern from Honduras (202449) ; 427 plants of Hon- duras (204108, exchange).
Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologi- cas, México, D. F.: (Through Dr. José Alvarez) 6 paratype fishes (203160, ex- change).
Estacao Agronomica Nacional, Saca- vém, Portugal: 97 plants of Portugal (205909, exchange).
Estaci6én Experimental Agrondémica, Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba: (Through Ing. de F. Zayas) 65 bugs from Cuba (203305) .
Estes, Michael W., Washington, D. C.: Brazilian bow and 3 arrows and neck- lace (205898).
Evans, Mark, Wallace, Idaho: 2 samples of heavy sands from California Creek, Idaho (202766).
Evans, T. O. (See Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Co.)
Fabian, Dominick, Portland, Oreg.: 2 first-day covers (204192, 206496).
67
Fahrenbach, W. H., Berkeley, Calif. : 7 type copepods collected at Moss Beach, San Mateo County, Calif. (202019).
Fairchild, Dr. Graham Bell, Monti- cello, Fla.: 29 flies, including paratypes of 9 species (206063).
Fargo, William G., Jackson, Mich.: 75 paratype Pliocene Mollusca from Florida (202920).
Farnworth, Ruth. Olcott, Inc.)
Fassett, Norman C., Madison, Wis.: 1 four-eyed fish collected in Rio Desagiie, at Desagiie outlet of Lago de Giiija, El Salvador (203240).
Faure, Dr. J. C. Entomology)
Faust, Burton, Washington, D. C.: 18 land snails from Cathedral Caverns near Woodville, Ala., 20 earthworms, and 16 insects (202869).
Ferguson, Dr. Edward, Jr., Orange- burg, S. C.: 5 type specimens of ostra- cods (205111).
Ferguson, William E., Berkeley, Calif.: 3 wasps from North America (203018, exchange).
Ferreyra, Dr. Ramén. (See Museo de Historia Natural “Javier Prado’’)
Ferriere, Dr. Charles. (See Museum of Natural History)
Fernandez-Yepez, Dr. F. (See Uni- versidad Central de Venezuela)
Fessenden, G. Russell, Baltimore, Md.: 5 plants and 3 ferns from Mary- land (205431, 205910).
Feth, J. H. (See Interior, U. S. De- partment of the, Geological Survey)
Field, Dr. Henry, Coconut Grove, Fla.: 1 crab collected in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (202893) ; 16 plants collected in Wyoming (203368).
Fisher, George B., Reading, Pa.: 13 fishes from aquaria (201400).
Fisher, H. D. (See Atlantic Biologi- eal Station)
Fitch, John E. (See California State Fisheries Laboratory)
Fix, Ernest E., Susanville, Calif.: 1 scorpion from California (204801).
Florida, State Board of Health of, Jacksonville, Fla.: (Through William
(See Dodge and
(See Division of
68
M. Beck, Jr.) 93 biting midge larvae from Florida (202609).
Florida, State Plant Board of, Gaines- ville, Fla.: (Through Dr. H. A. Den- mark) 5 land snails from Dade County, Fla. (202722).
Florida, University of, Gainesville, Fia.: (Through Dr. E. Lowe Pierce) 34 copepods from Florida (181772); (through Dr. Philip J. Westgate) land snail from Florida (203533).
Florida Agricultural Supply Co., Jacksonville, Fla.: (Through Herman S. Mayeux) 10 land snails from near Jacksonville, Fla. (203353).
Florida National Bank and Trust Co. (See Hall, Josephine V.)
Floyd, G. Thomas, Akron, Ohio: 12 fresh-water mussels from Lake Hrie, Ottawa County, Ohio (203816).
Fluke, Dr. C. L., Madison, Wis.: 9 flies, including 1 paratype, from North America and Argentina (205895).
Ford, Clayton, Lakeport, N. H.: 1 specimen of herderite from Fietcher Mine, North Groton, N. H. (202918).
Forest Research Institute, Kepong, Malaya: 59 plants from Federation of Malaya (203158, exchange).
Fosberg, Dr. F. R., Falls Church, Va.: 61 plants from Shenandoah National Park, Va. (203774) ; 12 plants of United States and Canada (204452); 3 plants from Virginia (204551).
Foshag, Dr. W. F., Washington, D. C.: Andesite lava specimen of 1952, Paricu- tin volcano, Michoacin, México (203768).
Foster, Mrs. E. Carter, The Plains, Va.: Pair 18th-century white satin shoes; pair shoes, 2 pair hose, satin bodice, and pair white kid gloves, 19th century (202940).
Foster, John H., Warwick, R. I.: 30 plants collected in India (202852).
Fouts, Robert M., Laredo, Tex.: 4 parasitic wasps (205892).
Fowler, Verna A., Salina, Kans.: 16 land snails from Salina (199972).
Fox, John A., New York, N. Y.: 93 Specimens of postal history material (205561, exchange).
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Franklin, W. Neil. B. D.)
Freed, Sam D., Union, N. J.: 111 land and fresh-water mollusks from northern New Jersey (203179).
Freeman, Oliver M., Tryon, N. C.: 23 grasses from North Carolina (203749).
Friedmann, Dr. Herbert, Washington, D. C.: 5 skins, 14 alcoholic specimens, and 5 skeletons of honey-guides from Spanish Guinea, collected by Georges Sabater (203367) ; 9 skeletons and 14 honey-guides (alcoholic birds) (204474).
Frimerkjasalan, Reykjavik, Iceland: 6 Aerogramme forms (204190). (See also Iceland, Government of)
Frisbey, Mrs. W. C., Port Isabel, Tex. : 2 marine mollusks from Port Isabel (205496).
Frondel, Dr. Clifford. University )
Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Tucuman, Argentina: 170 plants of Brazil and Ar- gentina (204372, exchange).
Furman, Deane P., Berkeley, Calif.: 2 types and 14 paratypes of mites from California (205999). (See also Cali- fornia, University of)
Gallitelli, Dr. Eugenia Montanaro, Medena, Italy: 1 microsample from the Triassic St. Cassian beds of Italy (204878, exchange) ; 3 paratypes of a foraminifer from the Cretaceous of Italy and 22 foraminiferal samples from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of Italy (205718).
Ganier, Albert F., Nashville, Tenn.: Type of Appalachian sapsucker (204099).
Gardner, Dr. Julia, Bethesda, Md.: Approximately 150 marine mollusks from Drum Point, Md. (205286).
Gardner, Dr. T. R., Beltsville, Md.: 359 miscellaneous insects from Ha- waiian Islands and Japan (205099).
Geduly, Prof. Oliver, Cincinnati, Ohio: 1 turtle from Rio Magdalena near Barranquilla, Colombia (203878).
Geison, Mike, Miami, Fla.: 1 Hay’s snake from Florida (205016).
General Electric Co., Richland, Wash., and Milwaukee, Wis.: (Through
(See Gibbs, Mrs.
(See Harvard
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
C. C. Palmiter) 17 samples of diatoms (203505) ; Model “A” electrocardiograph (205221).
General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. : (Through C. L. MeCuen) Mechanical heart exhibit (2038312).
Gentry, Dr. H. S. (See Agriculture, U. S. Department of, Horticultural Crops Research Branch)
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Insti- tut, Tiibingen, Germany: (Through Dr. O. H. Schindewolf) 2 specimens of a rare Jurassic brachiopod from Ger- many (206511, exchange).
George, Robert V., Towson, Md.: 45 pictorial photographs by Mr. George for special exhibition September—Octo- ber 1954 (203163, loan).
Georgia, University of, Athens, Ga.: 155 plants (204450, exchange).
Gerber, Adele (deceased) : (Through Amelie M. Gerber) 1 black Canton-crepe shawl worn by Sarah Fillmore Haton at inauguration of President Millard Fillmore in 1850, and photograph of Mrs. Eaton wearing the shawl (206500).
Gerber, Amelie M. (See Gerber, Adele)
Gerber, Carl B., Arlington, Va.: 1 rhodonite from 30 miles west, 15 miles north, of Lancaster, Calif. (203717)
Germany, Republic of, Der Bundes- minister fur das post- und Fernmel- dewesen, Bonn: 4 postage stamps, air mail and commemorative (206361); 1 20-pfennig commemorative stamp for the “Association for the Encouragement of German Science” issued June 24, 1955 (206546).
Ghika, George, Hyattsville, Md.: 5 geometrid moths from District of Co- lumbia area (202675).
Gianotti, Agostino, Rome, Italy: 3 Foraminifera from Miocene of Italy (204738).
Gibbs, Mrs. B. D., Knoxville, Tenn.: (Through W. Neil Franklin) 1924 Pres- idential campaign tag for automobile (203723).
Gibbs, John, Washington, D. C.: 1 agate found in gravel bank, Washing- ton, D. C. (202700).
69
Giers, Dr. Rudolf, Hamm, Westfalen,
(through E. W. Philleo) 1} Germany: 2 invertebrate fossils and 1
microsample of Foraminifera from Up- per Cretaceous of Westphalia, Germany (203196).
Gill, Dr. Edmund D., Melbourne, Aus- tralia: 168 Miocene and Pliocene mol- lusks from Australia (195502, ex- change).
Gilmore, Clifford E., Ft. Myer, Va.: 3 Burmese 1 Pya pieces, 1952 (202718).
Gilmore, Dr. Raymond M. (See Smith, Robert O.)
Ginsburg, Isaac. (See Stick, Frank, and Hrdman, Donald 8.)
Glass, Jewell J. (See Interior, U. S. Department of the, Geological Survey)
Glass, Robert. (See Clark, Col. Bu- gene S., Jr.)
Goldich, Dr. S. S., Minneapolis, Minn.: Holotype of arthropod from Vennsylvanian of Brewster County, Tex. (204379).
Goncalves, Dr. C. R. (See Divisio de Defesa Sanitaria Vegetal)
Gonzales G., Dr. Alfonso, México, D. F.: 8 moths and 7 flies from México (205539).
Gosline, Dr. William A. waii, University of)
Gottfried, Oscar, New York, N. Y.: 2 ampins of normal saline solution man- ufactured by Strong Cobb Co., Ine. (203205).
Goudey, Hatfield, Gabbs, Nev.: 1 cal- laghanite from Gabbs (203961, ex- change).
Goudey, Hatfield, Gabbs, Nev., and Parnau, John L., Stockton, Calif.: 1 mineral trom Churchill Buttes, Lyon County, Nev. (203957).
Gould, James, Washington, D. C.: (Through Dr. Arthur J. Boucot) Speci- men of tin ore from Sungei Liat Divi- sion of Tambang Timah Banka, Indo- nesia (2043898).
Graham, Judge Samuel Jordan (de- ceased): (Through Mrs. Samuel J. Graham) 20 costume accessories of late 19th and 20th centuries (204484).
Graham, Judge (deceased) and Mrs. Samuel Jordan, Washington, D. C.: 50
(See Ha-
70
items of period art and jewelry (206462).
Grau, Gilbert, Hollywood, Calif.: 1 marine mollusk from New Zealand (202888).
Graves, Mrs. Henry, Miami, Fla.: 1 calcite from near Miami (203977).
Gray, Samuel, Woods Hole, Mass.. 8 squilla and 2 stomatopods from Yar- mouth, Mass. (202614).
Great Britain, Government of: Board of Trade, Standards Department: Hassler balance, precision beam (201802). British Museum (Natural History), London: 31 mosquitoes, in- cluding 8 paratypes, from Ethiopia and Orient (202981, exchange) 634 Forami- nifera and 72 Recent foraminiferal samples from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and Mediterranean Sea (203062, exchange) ; 7 Recent forami- niferal samples collected by Challenger Expedition from Atlantic and Pacific (203068, exchange) ; 391 plants from Malaysia (203324, 203509, exchange) ; 313 plants from various regions and collectors (2054388, 206478, exchange) ; (through P. F. Mattingly) 48 mosqui- toes, including 5 paratypes, from old world (203556, exchange); (through Dr. Norman B. Marshall) 1 paratype parrotfish from Red Sea (203590, ex- change).
Greenwood, Dr. and Mrs. Arthur M., Marlborough, Mass.: Frame house built in 1678 in Malden, Mass. (203905).
Gregg, Dr. Robert E., Boulder, Colo.: 6 paratypes of ants (205709).
Griffith, Dr. Ivor. (See Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science)
Griffiths, Prof. Henry J. (See Min- nesota, University of)
Gross, Paul J., Okmulgee, Okla.: 2 first-day cards, Kansas Territorial and 4-cent airmail (204893).
Guam, Gevernment of, Office of Terri- tories, Agana: (Through George D. Peterson, Jr.) 2 house mice from Guam (205521).
Gudmundsson, Finnur. seum of Natural History)
Guiler, Dr. Eric R., Belfast, Ireland: 5 copepods, 2 isopods, 15 amphipods, 15
(See Mu-
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
porcellanids, 2 hermit crabs, 28 crabs, and 2 polychaetes (205675).
Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Miss.: (Through Dr. J. KF. Walker) 61 miscellaneous marine invertebrates (183865); (through Dr. John FE. Howell) 12 crustaceans (208149).
Gutschick, Dr. R. C., Notre Dame, Ind.: 51 fossil sponge spicules and holo- thurian plates (201697).
Guyer, Dr. Gordon, East Lansing, Mich.: 79 aquatic midges from Michi- gan (205278).
H and R Worm Farm, Muskogee, Okla.: (Through Vera Rounds) 20 earthworms (201457).
Hagn, Dr. H., Munich, Germany: 5 microsamples Foraminifera from Ter- tiary and Cretaceous of SBavaria (198841, exchange); 8 Foraminifera from the Hocene of Germany and Italy (208718, 205558, exchange); 9 micro- samples from Hocene of Bavaria and Miocene of Austria, and 105 Foraminif- era from Tertiary of Italy and Creta- ceous of Italy (204470, exchange).
Hall, Josephine V.: (Through the Florida National Bank and Trust Com- pany) 2 ancient Greek ‘tear bottles,” 4 carved shell plaques, and an antique box with ancient coins (2026380, be- quest).
Hallman, Roy C., Panama City, Fla.: 1 hummingbird and 1 sparrow (205418).
Halstead, Dr. Bruce W. (See School of Tropical and Preventive Medicine)
Hamelly, Henry, Grove City, Pa.: 22 first-day covers and other philatelic specimens (204384, 206548) ; 2 first-day eovers, Canada Boswell and Canada Thompson stamps (205102); 5 United States and United Nations first-day covers (205563); 2 Canadian and 2 United Nations first-day covers (206378).
Hamilton, Dr. William J., Jr., Ithaca, N. Y.: 2 short-tailed shrews from Flor- ida (205010). (See also Cornell Uni- versity)
Handley, C. O., Charleston, W. Va.: 8 mammals from West Virginia (206449).
DONORS Hanes, Clarence R., Schoolcraft, Mich.: 3 grasses from Michigan (203621).
Haque, A. F. M. Mohsenul, Aberyst- wyth, Wales: 50 Paleocene Foramini- fera and 8 microsamples from Paleocene of Pakistan (203072) ; 70 Paleocene and Lower Hocene Foraminifera from Nam- mal Gorge, Salt Range, Pakistan (208551, exchange); 31 Foraminifera from the Tertiary of Pakistan (203771, exchange).
Hardy, Jerry D., Jr., Elon College, N. C.: 2 bats from Cuba (204227) ; in- sects, 1 leech, and 3 mollusks (204405) ; collection of reptiles, amphibians, and fish, from Cuba (204500).
Harkness, Norris, New York, N. Y.:1 United States first-day cover, 3-cent George Eastman stamp (205611).
Harlan, Mrs. John G., Jr., Bethesda, Md.: 1 scarlet tanager (204881).
Harlow, J. A., Janesville, Wis.: Sioux Indian blanket band decorated in bead- work (2053857).
Harper, Dr. Francis, Mount Holly, N. J.: Jumping mouse from New Jersey (203335) ; 37 bird skins, 1 set of eggs, and 69 mammals from Ungava, Canada (205601).
Harrington, Dr. John P., Washington, D. C.: 1 feathered staff, Chiricahua Apache Indian (206466).
Harris, Mr. and Mrs. Clare, Rushford, N. Y.: 1 United States flag, 1877-1880 (205007).
Harry, Dr. Harold W. (See Tropical Research Medical Laboratory)
Hartman, Dr. Frank A., Columbus, Ohio: 288 bird skins from Panama (202710).
Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.: (Through Dr. Clifford Frondel) 5 mineral specimens (203591, ex- change); (through E. O. Wilson) 32 ants, including 26 types, from North America (203728). Gray Herbarium: 4 plants from South America (198996). Museum of Comparative Zoology: (Through Dr. W. L. Brown) 47 ants from Neotropical region (201705); 44 ants from Australia, New Guinea, and North and South America (202986,
TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
71
205501, 205682); 18 New Caledonian ants (205711) ; (through Dr. Elisabeth Deichmann) 10 gorgonians from Ber- muda (202894); (through Dr. F. M. Carpenter and Dr. P. J. Darlington) 11 spongilla flies, including types, from South America and British Quiana (203529); (through Dr. William J. Clenech) 1,112 mollusks, mainly land and fresh-water forms, from the Chat- tahoochee River, Fla. (205492) ; 1 ma- rine mollusk from Senegal (204541, ex- change).
Haskins, Caryl P. Laboratories)
Haskins Laboratories, New York, N. Y.: (Through Caryl P. Haskins) 5 fishes from Trinidad (202824).
Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichi- nan, Japan: 100 cryptogams from Japan (203900, exchange).
Hattrick, E. N., and Burkhart, J., Washington, D. C.: 48 marine mollusks from Sea Isle City, N. J. (203375).
Hawaii, University of, Honolulu: 17 plants collected in Hawaii and 20 culti- vated plants (203510, 204609) ; (through John EH. Randall,) 1,813 fishes from Gil- bert Islands and other areas, mostly col- lected by Mr. Randall (195399) ; (through Dr. William A. Gosline) 26 Silver hatchet fishes from collection of Mauna Loa lava flow of 1950 (204472) ; (through Dr. Jan Newhouse) 43 speci- mens of blue-green algae from Tuamotu Archipelago (205717).
Hayes, Doris. (See Agriculture, U. S. Department of)
Haynes, George R., Greensburg, Pa.: 2 glass structural tiles with photo- graphic impressions (205899).
Haynes, J. R., Aberystwyth, Wales: 10 Foraminifera from Tertiary of Eng- land (203193, exchange).
Hazeltine Corporation, Little Neck, N. Y.: (Through L. B. Dodds) 6 early radio receivers (204116).
Health, Education, and Welfare, U.S. Department of, Washington, D. C.: Public Health Service: (Through Dr. H. R. Dodge) 50 North and South Amer- ican sarcophagid flies, including types (206071); (through Dr. Harry D.
(See Haskins
72
Pratt) 5 type biting midges from United States (202607); (through Dr. W. L. Jellison) 5 bot fly larvae taken from moose in Montana (202861) ; 42 insects, 8 spiders, 1 scorpion, and 1 leech from Idaho, Assam, Burma, and China (202899) ; 2 land snails from Hamilton, Mont. (203180, 208352); 1 bat from Montana (203499). Arctic Health Re- search Center, Anchorage, Alaska: (Through Dr. Robert Rausch) 25 fox skulls from St. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea (202830); 4 crabs and 2 shrimps from Alaska (203625); 1 horse crab from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska (204165) ; (through Dr. Laurence Ir- ving) 14 bird skins from Northern Alaska (203048). National Institutes of Health: (Through Dr. W. H. Wright) 9,003 flies, including paratypes, from Guatemala (203598). (See also Cre- celius, Dr. H. Gilbert)
Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Is- rael: 100 plants (204889, exchange).
Heinemann, C. B., Washington, D. C.: Record-o-phone dictation machine (205531).
Heinmuller, John P. V., New York, N. Y.: 5,856 United States and Philip- pine Islands stamps in a National album (204477).
Heinrich, Clara, Washington, D. C.: Brain of Carl Heinrich, entomologist (206521).
Heintzelman, Arthur W. ton Public Library)
Helgerson, Henry, Missoula, Mont.: One black bear from Butlers Creek, Mis- soula County, Mont. (205520).
Hendey Machine Company, Inc., Tor- rington, Conn.: (Through A. D. Patter- son) Steam engine, rotary, constructed by Henry J. Hendey about 1870 to power tools in his shop (203480).
Hendricks, Genevieve, Washington, D. C.: 1 pair walrus tusks (203132).
Henny, Keith, New York, N. Y.: 2 electronic devices (204100).
Henry, Dr. Dora P., Seattle, Wash. : 1 crab from Lower California, E. F. Ricketts collection, and 7 mollusks (204872).
(See Bos-
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1955
Hepner, A., Washington, D. C.: 1 pa- per 25-cent fractional currency, 1st is- sue, dated 1863 (206367).
Herbario “Barbosa Rodrigues,” Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brazil: 588 plants from Santa Catarina (203017) ; 23 plants collected by Raulino Reitz (203056).
Hermann, Dr. Frederick J., Beltsville, Md.: 225 plants from Michigan and Indiana (205428).
Herrmann, Mary Ann, Washington, D. C.: 25 woodcuts by Paul Heinrich Ebell for exhibition October 1954 (203523, loan).
Hewatt, Dr. Willis G. (See Texas Christian University, and Magnolia Field Research Laboratory)
Heyl, Allen V., Takoma Park, Md.: 1 ealcite from Calumet and Hecla mine, Lafayette County, Wis. (204729).
Hild, Mrs. G. S., Washington, D. C.: 4 mounted heads and 7 frontlets of Philippine mammals collected by David W. Fry (203532).
Hildebrand, Henry, Port Aransas, Tex.: 74 marine invertebrates and 5 mollusks from México and Texas (201788).
Hill, Bernard L., New Orleans, La.: 10 type ostracodes from Tertiary of Mississippi and Cretaceous of Texas (204788).
Hill, Dr. Howard R., Los Angeles, Calif.: 98 land snails from western United States (203386).
Hill, Lt. Col. Samuel O. (See De- fense, U. S. Department of, Department of the Army)
Hiltermann, Dr. H., Hannover, Ger- many: 12 Foraminifera from the Ter- tiary of Northern Germany (203129) ; 15 Foraminifera from the Tertiary of Germany (203197, exchange).
Hinton, Dr. J. William, New York, N. Y.: 28 colored scenes of Civil War battles (204114).
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia: 18th-century balance made by Pat Lyon (204610, loan).
Hobbs, Dr. Horton H., Jr., Charlottes- ville, Va.: 8 types of crayfish (203579).
DONORS TO THE NATIONAL COLLECTIONS
Hodziewicz, Stanley, Hyattsville, Md.: 6 philatelic specimens (204478).
Hoehne, Dr. F. C., Sio Paulo, Brazil: 8 specimens of plants (205604).
Hoes, Laurence Gouverneur, Fred- ericksburg, Va.: 2 plates of the Monroe administration china used in the White House (206491, loan).
Hoffman, Dr. Glenn L., Grand Forks, N. Dak.: 16 fresh-water clams from North Dakota (204406).
Hoffman, Richard L., Blacksburg, Va.: 119 reptiles and amphibians from Vir- ginia, North Carolina, West Virginia, and Kentucky, including types of new subspecies of racerunner lizard from Virginia (202724); 375 specimens of fresh-water mollusks, also fresh-water amphipods, all from Virginia (202910) ; 6 scorpion flies and 2 brown lace-wings from Virginia (206060).
Hofker, Dr. J., The Hague, Nether- lands: 3 Recent Foraminifera from the Bay of Naples, Italy (203550) ; 9 For- aminifera from Lower Cretaceous of Holland (204471, exchange).
Hogan, Mrs. George W., Jr.. Mc- Leansboro, Ill.: 1 ladies’ handkerchief printed with stamp motifs (204167).
Hoglund, Dr. Hans, Lysekil, Sweden: 4 paratype Foraminifera from the Re- cent of Sweden (2038555).
Holderer, George B., Washington, D. C.: 3 specimens of manganese ore from Brazil (205282).
Holling, Henry, Slick Rock, Colo.: (Through Omer Raup) 20 specimens uranium ore from Cougar mine, Slick Rock Canyon, San Miguel County, Colo. (204186).
Hollman, Karl H., New York, N. Y.: 1 Netherlands first-day cover (204898).
Holthuis, Dr. L. B. (See Rijksmu- seum van Natuurlijke Historie)
Homan, B. H., Jr., New York, N. Y.: 2 albums containing 1110 postal issues of the Transvaal, 1869-1883 (204386).
Honess, Dr. Ralph F.