SUPPLEMENT
TO THE
CATALOGUE OF THE ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS
IN
THE BEITISH MUSEUM.
>v
,.]
SUPPLEMENT
TO THE
CATALOGUE OP THE ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS
IN
THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
BY
CHARLES RIEU, PH.D.
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
Uontion : SOLD AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM;
MESSRS. LONGMANS & CO., 39, PATERNOSTER Kow ; B. QUAKITCH, 15, PICCADILLY, W. ; A. ASHER & CO.,
13, BEDFORD STREET, COVENT GARDEN; KEG AN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., PATERNOSTBR HOUSE,
CHARING CROSS ROAD ; AND HENRY FROWDE, OSPOUD UNIVERSITY PRESS, AMEN CORNER.
1894.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY GILBEBT AND B1VINGTON, ID., ST. JOHN'S HOUSE, CLEBKENWEI.I,, B.C.
PBEEACE.
TWENTY-THREE years have elapsed since the Catalogue of the Arabic MSS.* was com- pleted ; and during that comparatively short period the accessions have been so numerous as to reach in March of the present year a total of thirteen hundred and three manu- scripts, which form the subject of the present Supplement.
This rapid increase has been mainly due to the acquisition by the Trustees of six important private collections, which, taken in the order of purchase, are those of M. Alexandre Jaba in 1872, of Sir Charles Augustus Murray in 1875, of Major-General Sir Henry C. Rawlinson in 1877, of Alfred Freiherr von Kremer in 1886, of Dr. Eduard Glaser in 1889, and of Mr. Edward William Lane in 1891 and 1893.
The first three of these collections have been described in the preface to the Persian Catalogue, pp. x. — xii. That of M. Jaba comprises thirty-eight Arabic MSS., Or. 1176 — 1209, among which may be mentioned a Diwan of Jarlr (no. 1032) and al-Tibrizi's commentary upon the Mu'allakat, dated A.H. 703 (no. 1030).
The greater portion of the collection of Sir Charles A. Murray, Or. 1314 — 58, was acquired by him in Egypt, where he was residing, as Consul-General, in 1844 and sub- sequent years. It consists chiefly of fine early copies of Biblical and liturgical books of the Coptic Church (nos. 1 — 38) ; but it includes also some important Mohammedan works, such as al-Ahdal's Lives of the 'Ulama of Yemen (no. 670), a royal copy of the Takwim al-Sihhah by Ibn Butlan (no. 793), and a volume of the Tadkirah of al-Safadi (no. 1017).
The main value of Sir H. Rawlinson's collection lies in its Arabic portion, which consists of seventy-five volumes, Or. 1491 — 1565. Like his predecessor in the Residency of Bagdad, Col. Robert Taylor, whose collection has been described in the old Catalogue,
* Catalogue codicum manuscriptorum Orientalium qui in Museo Britannico asservautur. Pars secunda, Codices Arabicos amplectens. Londini, 1846' — 71.
vi PREFACE.
Sir Henry limited his selection almost exclusively to works illustrating the history and geography of the East. Three classical works, namely the Muriij al-Dahab of Mas'udi, the Kamil of Ibn al-Athlr, and the Mu'jam al-Buldan of Yakut, are represented by a fair array of volumes (nos. 450 — 54, 462—64, 688—93). Other rare and important works are the following :— Kitab al-Ma'arif by Ibn Kutaibah, dated A.H. 710 (no. 447) ; Al-Athar al-Bakiyah by al-Biruni (no. 457) ; Ta'rikh al-Yammi, dated A.H. 767 (no. 548) ; the first volume of Ta'rikh Madinat al-Salam, written apparently in the 13th century (no, 655) ; Abu Shamah's abridgment and continuation of Kitab al-Raudatain (nos. 554-5) ; the last volume of al-Dahabi's Ta'rikh al-Islam (no. 468) ; Takmilat al-Wafayat by al-Mundiri (no. 488) ; the Geography of Ibn Sa'Id (no. 696) ; a cosmographical work by Ibn Wasifshah (no. 687) ; and the Pseudo-Aristotelian Theologia (no. 722).
The next collection, that of Alfred von Kremer, although including a few Persian
and Turkish MSS. (the latter have been described in the Turkish Catalogue), is also
essentially Arabic. It was formed by that eminent scholar, partly in Damascus, but
chiefly in Cairo, during the years 1849 — 80, and has supplied him with ample materials for
his learned works, such as his " Geschichte der herrschenden Ideen der Islams,"
" Culturgeschichte der Orients," and others. In the Arabic portion, consisting of 198
volumes, Or. 3004 — 3201, all branches of Arabic literature are represented. It is
especially rich in new materials for the history of the origins and early period of Islamism.
Here we can only point out a few of the exceptionally rare and important works, such as
the following : — Three early collections of traditions relating to the life of Muhammad, by
al-Khargushi, Abu Nu'aimand al-Baihaki (nos. 509 — 511); Notices of "Companions" and
early traditionists by Ibn Sa'd (no. 616) ; a similar, hitherto unknown work of al-Tabari
(618) ; detached volumes of the rare chronicles of Ibn al-Jauzi, Ibn Shakir and Ibn al-
Furat (nos. 460, 472, 476) ; the first volume of the Ta'rikh Dimashk of Ibn 'Asakir,
written in the author's time (no. 658) ; a hitherto unnoticed work of Ibn 'Arabshah on
the reign of Sultan Jakmak (no. 559) ; Al-Durar al-Kaminah, a full biographical
dictionary of the eminent men of the eighth century of the Hijrah, by Ibn Hajar
(nos. 643-4) ; Kitab al-Haidah al-Kablrah, or " Book of the Great Evasion," a curious
account of a theological dispute in presence of al-Ma'mun (no. 171) ; the dogmatical
teachings of Ibn Hanbal (nos. 169-70) ; Jamharat al-Ash'ar by Ibn Abi '1-Khattab (no.
1107) ; the Diwans of Abu Firas and Ibn Hani (nos. 1045-6) ; Luzum ma la Yalzam,
by Abu "l-'Ala (no. 1050) ; the extremely rare and valuable Tadkirah of Ibn Hamdun
PKEFACE. vii
(nos. 1137-8) ; Islah al-Mantik by Ibn al-Sikkit (no. 831) ; the Mujmal of Ibn Ffiris (no. 843) ; the Tashlfat of 'All B. Hamzah and of al-'Askari (nos. 841, 842), etc.
Dr. Glaser's collection was the outcome of the third journey of that enterprising Austrian traveller to Yemen. It consists of 328 Arabic MSS., Or. 3717 — 4044, and is of a very special character, being almost entirely confined to Zaidi literature. The history of the Zaidi Imams, who for centuries played an important political part in Yemen, is here illustrated by a number of hitherto unknown chronicles and biographies (nos. 531— 547). The standard works, partly written by the Imams themselves, in which their peculiar system of divinity and jurisprudence is expounded (nos. 203 — 217, 336 — 446), form, together with their innumerable commentaries, the main bulk of the collection. It includes, however, some works of more general interest, among which the following deserve a special notice : — The Naka'id, or mutual satires, of Jarlr and al-Farazdak, probably of the 12th century (no. 1033) ; the rare Diwans of Ibn Hiini and Ibn Alkam (nos. 1047, 1053) ; Al-Kamal, a dictionary of traditionists by 'Abd al-Ghani (nos. 625-6) ; Makatil al-Talibiyyln, a history of the descendants of 'Ali who suffered martrydom, by the author of Kitab al-Aghiini (no. 526) ; Al-'Ibar wa'1-I'tibar, a cosmographical work of al-Jahiz (no. 684) ; a Collection of Proverbs by al-'Askari (no. 996) ; an early and rare Grammar by Ibn Babashad, with the author's commentary (nos. 917-18) ; and an unknown commentary upon the Hamasah (no. 1108).
A similar but smaller collection, brought home by Dr. Glaser after his second journey to Yemen, is now deposited in the Berlin Library. A brief account of its contents was published by Dr. Ahlwardt in 1887, and its main portion has since been more fully described by the same scholar in the fourth volume of his Arabic Catalogue, which, to our regret, did not reach us in time for purposes of comparison.
The collection of the late Edward William Lane, purchased in two separate sets, Or. 4154—4219, and Or. 4618—4657, in the years 1891 and 1893, reflects two of the special lines of study of that eminent scholar. The first set comprises the material brought together in view of his great Lexicon, and pre-eminently the work on which it is chiefly based, namely the Taj al-'Arus, transcribed for him by his learned amanuensis Shaikh Ibrahim al-Dasuki, in four and twenty bulky volumes (nos. 882 — 905), as well as some rare earlier works, such as Tahdib al-Lughah (nos. 839-40), the Muhkam of Ibn Sldah (no. 854), the Mughrib of al-Mutarrizi (no. 864), the Tahdib al-Tahdib (no. 866), and al-Misbah al-Munlr by al-Fayyumi (no. 869).
The second set of MSS. is largely made up of those popular tales which Mr. Lane
viii PREFACE.
described in his " Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians," namely the romances of Saif Du Yazan, Delhemeh, Beiii Hilal and al-Malik al-Zahir Baibars (nos. 1172— 1196). It includes also a few important historical works, such as Insan al-'Uyun (nos. 1274—6), Mir'at al-Zaman (nos. 1270-71), and the Egyptian chronicle of al-Jabarti (nos. 1280-82).
Only two of the above collections have been previously catalogued, namely those of Freiherr von Kremer and of Dr. Glaser. Kremer's description of his MSS. (IJber meine Sammlung Orientalischer Handschriften, Wien, 1885) is in every way such as was to be expected from so accurate a scholar. Only a slight degree of expansion and a few corrections were wanted to adapt it for incorporation into the present Catalogue. Dr. Glaser had no leisure for a " catalogue raisonne." His lithographed " Verzeichnis " is a hastily drawn up list without any attempt at classification or detail. Tables of the original numbers of both collections, with references to the present Supplement, will be found at the end of the Numerical Index.
The most important accession after the above-mentioned collections was due to the liberality of Col. S. B. Miles, late Political Agent in Muscat, who at various times between the years 1875 and 1891 presented to the Trustees no fewer than fifty rare and valuable Arabic MSS. (Or. 1382-3, 2328—33, 2424—38, 2896—2920, 4518, 4529), among which the following will be found of special interest : — Kitab al-Tljan and the traditions of 'Abid B. Sharyah, relating to the kings of Himyar (nos. 578-9); the Iklil and Jazirat al-'Arab of al-Hamdani (nos. 580, 584) ; two biographical works relating to Yemen, viz. the Tiraz of al-Khazraji (no. 671), and Tib al-Samar by al-Haimi (nos. 675-6); Shams al-'Ulum, the great dictionary of Nashwan al-Himyari (nos. 658 — 63) ; the Suluk of al-Makrizi (no. 480) ; the Diwans of Abu Firas, al-Arrajani, and Ibn al-Mukarrab (nos. 1044, 1063, 1066) ; the tenets and jurisprudence of the Ibadi sect, expounded in verse by al-Samau'ali (nos. 327-8) ; and the philosophical encyclopaedia of the Ikhwan al-Safa (no. 708).
Two large sets of Oriental, chiefly Arabic, MSS. were secured for the Museum in the years 1889 and 1891, at Mosul and the neighbouring town of Elkosh, by Mr. Ernest Wallis Budge, Keeper of the Oriental Antiquities. The Arabic portion, Or. 3678 — 3710, 4240 — 4379, consists of 173 volumes and is especially rich in treatises on jurisprudence and grammar. It includes also some important works in other branches, such as the following :— Ma'alim al-Tanzil, of A.H. 715 (no. 103); Al-Nasikh wa'1-Mansukh by Ibn Salamah (no. 129) ; Al-Nawawi's commentary on Sahlh Muslim (no. 134) ; the rare
PREFACE. ix
history entitled Akhbar al-Duwal al-Munkati'ah (no. 461) ; a thirteenth century volume of the Canon of Avicenna (no. 788) ; Jami' al-Gharad, a treatise on hygiene by Ibn al-Kuff (no. 803) ; and Al-Iflili's commentary on the Diwan of al-Mutanabbi (no. 1041).
Some rare and curious works relating to the creed of the Ibadi sect and to the history of Quiloa (nos. 202, 329, 600), and two others relating to Abyssinia and to the Sudan, were presented respectively by Sir John Kirk, formerly Consul-General in Zanzibar, and by the late lamented General Charles E. Gordon (Gordon Pasha).
Among a large number of MSS., chiefly Persian, secured for the Museum by Mr. Sidney Churchill, Persian Secretary to the British Legation in Teheran, there are a few copies of important Arabic works with remarkably early dates, such as the following :— A volume of Avicenna's Canon, A.H. 525 (no. 7.87) ; Al-Mughni by Ibn Hibat-allah, A.H. 534 (no. 794); Al-Kashshi's notices of Shl'ah traditionists, A.H. 622 (no. 633); the Sihah of al-Jauhari, A.H. 658 (no. 845); the Makamat of al-Harlri, A.H. 688 (no.1009); and the Mabsut of Abu Ja'far al-Tusi, A.H. 697 (no. 331). The following are extremely rare : — Al-Safwah, a description of Egypt (no. 704) ; Al-Tara'if, an ingenious work of Shl'ah polemics by Ibn Ta'us (no. 191); Shadd al-Izar, notices of the great men buried in Shiraz (no. 677); and the chief work of Bab, founder of the Babi sect (no. 221).
Apart from the sources above stated, numbers of MSS. have flowed in from various quarters, which are too numerous to be recorded in detail. We must content ourselves with drawing the reader's attention to a few of the most rare and interesting, namely the following : — Kitab al-Maghazi, the campaigns of Muhammad, by al-Wakidi, a complete copy dated A.H. 564 (no. 502). Al-Muhabbar, miscellaneous notices relating chiefly to Muhammad and his time, a hitherto unknown work of Muhammad B. Habib (no. 508). The fourth volume of the biographical dictionary of Ibn Khallikan, in the author's handwriting (no. 607). Three important works on the lives of traditionists, namely the Ikmal of Ibn Makula, its complement by Ibn Nuktah, and Mizan al-I'tidal by al-Dahabi (nos. 621-2, 630-31). Zubdat al-Tawarikh, a history of the Seljuks, written shortly after the downfall of the dynasty, unique (no. 550). Four volumes of Kitab al-Aghani, A.H. 544—49 (nos. 650—53). Two rare histories of Yemen, Kanz al-Ahhyar by Sayyid Idris and Rauh al-Ruh by Sayyid 'Isa (nos. 469, 590). Sir Henry M. Elliot's copy of al-Kanun al-Mas'udi, the great astronomical work of al-Biruni, A.H. 570 (no. 756). Kutb al-Surur, an early anthology by Ibn al-Rakik (no. 1109). The Makamat of al-Haririr transcribed by a grandson of the author, A.H. 557 (no. 1006).
Illuminated Arabic MSS. are so exceedingly rare that the few which present any
x PREFACE.
artistic interest deserve to be pointed out. Spirited drawings of plants and animals •will be found in Dioscoridis Materia Medica (no. 785), and in Ibn Bakhtlshu's Manafi' al-Hayawan (no. 778). A MS. of Hariri's Makamat, dated A.H. 654 (no. 1007) has quaint miniatures representing the scenes described in the text.
But the student of Arabic palaeography will find copious materials in the present collec- tion. It is particularly rich in early MSS., to many of which, however, only conjectural dates can be assigned. The Cufic Goran described under no. 56 is probably the earliest ever brought to Europe. Some papyrus scraps from the Fayyum, containing private contracts (no. 1207), evidently belong to the third century of the Hijrah, and similar documents on vellum or paper from the same locality (no. 1290) range from A.H. 372 to 461. We subjoin a chronological list of the dated MSS. from the fourth to the seventh century of the Hijrah.
|
A.H. |
Nos. |
A.H. |
Nos.1 |
A.H. |
Nos. |
|
348 |
786 |
604 |
1134 |
665 |
925 |
|
365 |
838 |
610 |
793 |
666 |
1214 n. |
|
476 |
617 |
6L4 |
308 |
670 |
1012 |
|
479 |
205 |
617 |
497 |
671 |
259 |
|
488 |
844 |
619 |
1133 |
672 |
607 |
|
513 525 |
495 787 ' |
620 622 |
813 633 |
673 674 |
926 1041 |
|
527 |
792 |
623 |
157 |
675 |
854 |
|
534 |
794 |
— |
344 |
683 |
982 |
|
550 |
843 |
625 |
211 |
685 |
1035 |
|
557 |
1006 |
643 |
929 |
— |
1243 |
|
558 |
340 |
644 |
100 |
686 |
927 |
|
559 |
658 |
647 |
1108 |
688 |
346 |
|
561 |
82 |
651 |
916 |
— |
1214 in. |
|
564 |
502 |
652 |
64 |
692 |
98 |
|
570 |
756 |
654 |
1007 |
693 |
629 |
|
586 |
1140 |
658 |
832 |
694 |
110 |
|
588 |
740 |
— |
845 |
697 |
331 |
|
590 |
510 |
— |
1229 vn. |
700 |
115 |
|
599 |
855 |
659 |
1214 |
— |
696 |
|
603 |
725 |
660 |
638 |
— |
723 |
|
604 |
6 |
663 |
7 |
PEBFACB. xi
The present Supplement has been compiled on the same lines, and printed in the same form, as the Persian and Turkish Catalogues published in 1879 — 1883 and 1888. Few readers, if any, will find fault with the substitution of the quarto size for the cumbrous folio of the old Catalogue, or with that of English for its no less unwieldy Latin.
My best thanks are due to Mr. Robert K. Douglas, Keeper of the Department of Oriental Printed Books and MSS., for his kind assistance in the revision of the proof-sheets.
CHARLES RIEU.
BRITISH MDSEUM, April 5, 1894.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
PAGE
Bible 1
Commentaries 12
Liturgies and Offices 14
Theology 16
Lives of Saints 21
History 22
Homilies ..." 25
Philosophy 29
Coptic Vocabularies 32
Poetry 33
SAMARITAN MSS 34
MOHAMMEDAN LITERATURE.
THE GORAN 37
Various Readings and Orthography 46
Pronunciation 52
Commentaries 58
Al-Nasikh wa'1-Mansukh ... 73
Glossary 75
TRADITION (HADITH) 77
Shi'ah Tradition 88
Collections of Forty Hadiths . . 90
Special Collections 94
Science of Tradition . , . 96
PAOB
THEOLOGY .98
t
Polemical Works 115
Appendix to Theology 118
Sectarian Works :
Ibadis 121
Zaidis 124
Druzes 140
Nusairis 140
Wahhabis 142
Sabis 143
Asceticism and Sufism .... 147
Prayers 163
LAW.
Usul al-Fikh 168
Zaidi Works 174
Statutes (Furu1) :
Hanafis 178
Malikis 192
Shafi'is 194
Hanbalis 204
Controversy 205
Sectarian Law-books :
Ibadis 208
Shi'ah ' 210
Zaidis .... .215
XIV
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
Law of Inheritance 260
Zaidi Works 262
HISTORY.
Ancient and General History .... 266
History of the Prophets 297
Life of Muhammad 301
Early Khalifs and Conquests .... 319
Ali and his Descendants 323
Zaidi Imams 327
Ghaznawis 341
Saljuks 342
Ayyubides 344
History of Egypt 350
History of Syria 360
The Holy Cities ........ 362
Yemen 365
Arab Tribes 385
Africa 387
Appendix to History 394
BIOGRAPHY 398
" Companions " and Traditionists . 403
Shi 'ah Traditionists 422
Saints 427
Legists 429
Physicians 436
Grammarians and Lexicographers . 437
Poets 438
Local Biographies :
Baghdad 440
Syria 441
Egypt 448
PAGE
Spain 449
Yemen 452
Shiraz 461
Turkey 462
Mosul 462
Memoirs and Travels 464
COSMOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY Topography ....
466 476
SCIENCES.
Encyclopaedias 480
Philosophy 491
Logic 498
Dialectics 502
Ethics and Politics 503
Mathematics 509
Astronomy 513
Calendar 526
Astrology 528
Natural History 531
Alchemy 534
Magic 535
Medicine 536
Veterinary Art ....... 550
Military Arts 554
Music 558
Cabalistic "Works 561
Divination 563
Interpretation of Dreams 564
PHILOLOGY.
Lexicography 565
Grammar ...... . 594
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
xv
PAGE
Rhetoric 620
Prosody 626
Proverbs and Maxims 629
ORNATE PROSE AND LETTERS .... 635 POETRY 644
Anthologies 696
MISCELLANIES, ANECDOTES, &c. . . . 708 FABLES AND TALES . 730
PAGE
MSS. OP MIXED CONTENTS .'.... 749 LATEST ACCESSIONS ....... 816
INDEX OF TITLES ........ 831
INDEX OF PERSONS' NAMES ..... 861
CLASSED INDEX OF WORKS ..... 899
NUMERICAL INDEX ........ 915
APPENDIX ........... 929
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS . 935
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
BIBLE.
1.
Or. 1326.— Foil. 326 ; 13 in. by 9; 29 lines, 6j in. long ; written in neat Neshki ; dated Cairo, from Monday, 12 Baramhat, A. Mar- tyrum 1301 (f. 3266), to Saturday, 13 Tot, A. Martyrum 1303 (f. 2626) (A.D. 1585—87). [SiE CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The second volume, or latter half, of a large copy of the Bible, including the Apocrypha. It contains the following Books :
I. Fol. 2. Ezekiel, with the heading :
Beg. J >
k->
b'l
The Book is divided into 28 chapters, the last of which extends from chapter xlvii. v. 13, to the end.
II. Fol. 24a. Daniel, with, a preface of two pages :
The Book of Daniel begins, f. 25a,
with the history of Susanna, as follows :
Chapter I. of Daniel begins, f. 256, as follows :
It is divided into Visions \>jj , the twelfth and last of which is the story of Bel and the Dragon.
III. Fol. 34&. Ecclesiasticus, or the Book of Jesus, son. of Sirach, . > ^. o
Beg.
IV. Fol. 506. The first Book of Esdras,
Beg. C*x> j
V. Fol. 58a. Ezra (the canonical book, called here the second of Ezra), ,jUN ^i
Beg. C
CHRISTIAN LITEEATUEE.
VI. Pol. 636. Esther,
Beg. y
& Ji~,\
V?.\ d
VII. Pol. 676. Judith, Beg. i
VIII. Pol. 746. Tobit, U>> «_fc
**) Beg. jjy j
IX. Fol. 796. The first Book of the Maccabees (corresponding with our second Book of the Maccabees), ^yulEJi yL* t_jU£
jJ\ Jl
The following section, f. 85a, beginning with II. Maccabees, chapter viii., has a sepa- rate heading :
The next, f ol. 88a, has this rubric, £
u-j^1 (II- 'Maccabees, chap. xi. 27). X. Pol. 926. The second Book of the Maccabees,
Beg. ^
Jl ^j^'tsbj,. This book, which is only found in Arabic, has been printed in Walton's Polyglot, Vol. iv., part ii., p. 112. At the end is written, Jw yttNji-N ^iM UalA Jl
. JSS
The next section, beginning, f. 99a, with Ji' j>'& corresponds with chapters xvii. — lix. of the same edition.
XI. Fol. 1166. History of the Jews by Yusuf B. Gorion, with this rubric : J^l
J!
-^Ua-^
j-^J^ *>\* J1
Beg. ^Ixw Jj^^ji^^y^j^CjoulC-o^^jU^T The work is divided into eight Juz',
beginning respectively as follows : I. f. 1166 ;
II. f. 125a; III. f." 134a; IV. f. 1426;
V. f. 1516; VI. f. 154a; VII. f. 161a;
VIII. f. 168a. The text agrees with the
edition printed at Beirut, 1872, with the
title, (
XII. Fol. 173a. The Book of Job,
J!
*'j ' "'
It is divided into fifteen chapters _
Compare P. de Lagarde, Psalterium, Job, Proverbia, Arabice, Gottingen, 1876, p. 246.
XIII. Pol. 184a. The Wisdom of Solomon, translated by Al-Harith B. Sinan (v. Asse- mani, Biblioth. Medic. Laurent., no. 18),
Beg. J—^Jb )jii:
*?
BIBLE.
3
XIV. Fol. 19(k. The Proverbs of Solo-
mon
y\
,,».
On the opposite page is an introduction treating of the poetical form and the scope of the Proverbs, with this heading : jj
aJUU>\j 4>j\i> ^
Beg. ^)j\ L_-^J HUlMx, Ob!
The Book of Proverbs is divided into thirteen chapters _U^'
XV. Fol. 200a. Ecclesiastes, *V ^U/
Beg. ^ U
J15
XVI. Fol. 204a. The Song of Solomon,
Beg. lir-9-l
ju ^ JLJI
XVII. Fol. 206i. Introduction to the four Gospels and to the Canons, £«j£«
Beg.
XVIII. Fol. 209i. The ten Canons of Eusebius.
XIX. Fol. 212i. Matthew, with an intro- duction occupying two pages and beginning:
Ob^JU Jj-.iSJ! /^**, LJ.^!s)l Jjl. aJJ jj^1
The Gospel is divided into 80 chapters XX. Fol. 226a. Mark, J^l ^^ tj^ .-^^ with an introduction occupying two pages, and beginning : U^-y. ^ sv-\ J6
It has 52 chapters.
XXI. Fol. 235a. Luke, with an introduc- tion of three pages, beginning, l>ju,V> 15^) ^^
^3^ (JJJ«JuJ\ iJlAa. ^ IJA.MJ 'JJ^> jl
The Gospel begins as follows :
\* *^^ i' J
Luke is divided into 84 chapters. XXII. Fol. 251a. John, with an intro- duction of a page and a half, beginning, y>j
The Gospel is divided into 45 chapters.
At the end of the Gospels, f. 2626, is a colophon stating that this copy had been made upon a transcript of a MS. prepared by the learned Shaikh al-As'ad Abu'l-Faraj Ibn al-'Assal, and revised by him upon the Coptic, Syriac, and Greek texts (see No. 7).
XXIII. Fol. 263a. The Apocalypse,
B 2
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
XXIV. Fol. 2706. The fourteen Epistles
of S. Paul, <]y»j>\ (j-Jy Jj.l-»; jiW
XXV. Fol. 304a. The seven Catholic Epistles, J
XXVI. Fol. 3115. The Acts of the Apostles, j
The last three sections were transcribed, as stated at the end, from a MS. dated A.M. 1045 (A.D. 1329), and corrected by the same Shaikh al-As'ad Ibn al-'Assal.
The MS. was written, as appears from several colophons, by the priest Fadl-allah, in his ho.use in Harat al-Zuwailah, Cairo, at the expense of Shaikh al-'Alam Salib al- Anbasi.
On foil. 50 and 310 are deeds of gift to the Patriarchal seat, dated respectively A. Martyrum 1486 and 1487 (A.D. 1770-71).
2.
Or. 1314.— Foil. 252; 12 in. by 9J; written, in a fine large character, in two columns of about 23 lines, with illuminated borders at the beginning of the several books, and numerous marginal ornaments representing flowers and birds ; dated A. Martyrum 1089-90 (A.D. 1373-74).
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Minor Prophets and Daniel, in Coptic and Arabic, with this title : d\ w^>o <_j .yxJ
The above title, and the first seven leaves of Hosea, have been supplied by a later hand in imitation of the original writing.
The contents are as follows : I. Hosea, f. 3, beginning :
Colophon : ^\
II. Amos, f. 29i, beg. <j w
- (j (JV-* u^^ ^
U
(jjjkx-j tsarjhj *j5}!l JoS III. Micah, fol. 51, ^ cJlS
Jy
IV. Joel, f. 67, Jl
V. Obadiah, f. 775,
VI. Jonah, f. 81, ^
VII. Nahum, f. 88,
VIII. Habakkuk, f.
IX. Zephaniah, f. 1025,
X. Haggai, f. 1116, ^
XI. Zcchariah, f. 118,
XII. Malachi, f. 152,
The above first half of the volume was finished on Monday the 15th of Meshuri, A. Martyrum 1089. The Coptic was tran- scribed from an old copy in the Convent of S. Anthony, in the Desert of al-'Arabah. The Arabic, which is said not to agree with the Coptic, was taken from a MS! in the handwriting of Ibn al-Musawwak (?), no copy of the Arabic paraphrase having been found ; ^\^> y,
BIBLE.
At the back of the page is a "VVakf , or deed of gift, to the Convent of S. Anthony by Athanasius, dated A. Marty rum. 1089.
The latter half of the volume contains the Book of Daniel, ^jol) cjV^ '*j^ beginning, f. 164, as follows : fj51y.tiJi.jy,. BJ'JM &J1 j
J\ l^
<W\3^>\ JU LI
The text of the Canonical Book of Daniel ends f. 2346. It is followed, as in the Vulgate, by the story of Bel and the Dragon, beginning on the same page as follows :
«Jifr
Then comes Daniel's vision of the four winged animals, with prophecies of future events to the end of the world, f. 24(k. It begins as follows : &J1 t \<i. jl^j C?JJ\
J >1 — »!\ J\ Uy. ^i
The colophon is dated Saturday, the 9th of Hator, A. Martyrum 1090, and the following is added : \i^ff^)\ Jjb
.Jjt^ L»* liJJ
In the margin is the following colophon re- lating to the Arabic text, which was tran- scribed from a rough copy written by Patriarch Anba Yfmus,and was completed on Thursday, the 10th of Tobeh, A. Martyrum 1090. It is further stated that the Arabic was translated from the Greek and revised upon the Coptic.
syi! j,jJ\ >J
Li)
v-. JJ
On the last page is a deed of gift by Athanasius, Bishop of Abu Tih, to the Convent of S. Anthony, in al-'Arabah, dated A. Martyrum 1510 (A.D. 1794).
3.
Or. 1319.— Foil. 220 ; 17 in. by 1H ; 28 lines, written in two columns, with illuminated headings and marginal ornaments ; dated the 21st day of Emshlr, A. Martyrum 1522 (A.D. 1806). [Sm CHARLES A. MCBKAV.J
Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Baruch, in Coptic and Arabic.
Isaiah begins, fol. 2, as follows: f\>.;j.\
U -'
Jeremiah begins, f. 98, as follows
L.^ Jl cyjL* J^ 4>« ^ 0
6
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
The Lamentations begin, f. 194&, with this introduction : Jxj^*^ (_5-*» ^ ^ y* u^j
?- i_ sjp J^j •A^J^
Baruch begins, f. 204, as follows: »J
U
This is followed, f. 21 2a, by the Epistle of Jeremiah, beginning : l^L-^l JA\
j\j Jl
.^5 x-ii-
At the beginning of Isaiah and Jeremiah are whole-page miniatures representing those Prophets.
The last two pages contain a long colophon in praise of Athanasius, Bishop of Abu Tih *5j)\ ^s.^ (jwjjj-Ai^ at whose expense the
book was written. The Coptic was written by Deacon Yuhanna B. Sulaiman, school- master in Cairo, and the Arabic by Yuhanna B. Mlkha'Il.
Lower down is a deed of gift by the same Athanasius to the Convent of S. Anthony, in al-'Arabah.
Colophon :
Tables of lessons from Isaiah and Jeremiah, appointed for Lent and Feast days, occupy three pages at the end.
Or. 3706.— Foil. 118; 5 in. by 3£; 11 lines 2|- in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, apparently in the 15th century. [BUDGE.]
The Book of Psalms, imperfect at the beginning. It begins abruptly in the middle of the first verse of Psalm viii. The first leaves are torn and faded. The 12th Psalm begins, f. 45, as follows : ^ <
Jik>j J jj *«
The Psalms end abruptly, f. 110, with a Psalm designated as the 147th LuU\j ib.UN ^^Ojlilj corresponding with vv. 12 — 20 of our Psalm cxlvii.
Foil. 11 — 18, which are much faded and torn, contain the Canticles of Moses, Isaiah, the Virgin Mary, etc.
5.
Or. 2291.— Foil. 150; 10 in. by 7£; 21 lines,
about 5 in. long ; written, in two columns, in
clear Neskhi, apparently in the 12th century.
[Presented by COL. S. B. MILES.]
The four Gospels in Syriac and Arabic, written in parallel columns, with rubrics showing on what days each section is to be read. The Syriac text is the Herhlensian version, and the Arabic a literal translation of the same.
The MS. is imperfect at beginning and end, and has, moreover, many lacunae in the body of the volume. It begins abruptly with Matthew xii. v. 3, as follows : tyt>
J£\ t-^jM S^Uj^i-j <»JJ\ tlAAJ J-iO
After v. 8 is found this rubric,
W
BIBLE.
Mark begins, f. 23a, with this heading:
IjJJuJ jj\ JOS-
Luke begins with a similar rubric, f. 616. The first verse is : ^
J»4) JM
UJ! J \*a>\ b
U. i
The first lines of John are lost. It be- gins, f. 119a, with chap. i. 15, and ends with chap. xii. 22.
6.
Or. 1315.— Foil. 447 ; 13$ by 10 ; written, in two columns of 22 or 24 lines in a fine large character, with illuminated borders and initials ; dated Saturday, 14 Emshlr, A. Martyrum 924 (A D. 1208).
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The four Gospels in Coptic and Arabic. Contents : 1. The Canons, with the pre- face of Eusebius, f. 3, beginning :
2. The Gospel of Matthew, f. 17, J« Beg. +&j>\ ^A ^j\> ^\ £.J\,\ c.<«> ^tiU* i_-»lj/
3. The Gospel of Mark, f. 141, to which is prefixed an introduction, with a list of chapters, foil. 138 — 40.
Beg. y.
4. The Gospel of Luko, f. 219, with an introduction, foil. 215 — 18. The first verso
is : JN jy.y\ (jouoS t_-jiy
Oiy UJl .J^fr I/ y^
5. The Gospel of John, f. 352, with a short preface, f. 351.
Beg. 411V, oiM jjft J6 i&\j i&] J6 ^jJI J J 8juo5 u^ <o Ji' <i)J\ jofr
Colophon : CJJ Jj
Ufl-lli
7.
Or. 3382.— Foil. 417 ; 9$ by 6$ ; 12 lines 3f in. long ; written in large and clear, fully vocalized, Neskhi ; dated the 10th of Tobe, A. Martyrum 981 (A.D. 1264—65).
The four Gospels, with the editor's preface, and a table of lessons for the Coptic year.
This valuable copy contains a revised text of the Arabic version, with various read- ings in the margin. The editor, Abu'l- Faraj Hibat-allah B. Abi'1-Fadl As'ad B. Abi Ishak Ibrahim B. al-'Assal, <lll ht> _^l j>\
requested to prepare it A.H. 650, corre- sponding with A. Martyrum 969. He based it upon a careful comparison of the extant version with the Coptic text, and with the Arabic translations of the Greek text and of the Syriac version. He used to that effect an Arabic translation of the Greek text by
8
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
Theophilus al-Mu'allim al-Dimashki, Bishop of Misr, j&* UiL^ Jg.S**d\ A>\\ J^Jy ^ t_r^.j^ in two copies, dated respectively A.H. 438 and 591, and two Arabic versions from the Syriac, namely one by Bishr B. al-Sari (whose Luke was dated A.H. 433), and another by Abu'l-Faraj B. al-Tayyib. For the Coptic he used the text written A. Mar- tyrum 921 (A.D. 1204-5) by Stephen B. Ibrahim ^Afc^l ^ ^lala/o), a pupil of the monk Abu '1-Faraj al-Damanhiiri.
The editor explains at length in his preface the method he has adopted in establishing his text, and referring to other versions.
Ibn al-'Assal belonged to a distinguished Coptic family. He and his two brothers, Abu Ishak and al-Safi Abu '1-Fada'il Majid, are known as ecclesiastical writers of emi- nence. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 758^.
Hlbat-allah wrote also a collection of canons and an introduction to the Epistles of S. Paul. See Uri, no. 74, and the Leyden Catalogiie, vol. v. p. 84.
The first verse of Luke is as follows :
I/ UJ cJL& J&\
J
Contents: Matthew, f. 3a,
Introduction to Mark, with a list of chapters, f. 986 ; Mark, f. 1046. Introduc- tion to Luke, f. 1686; Luke, f. 1776. Intro- duction to John, f. 2906; John, f. 2966.
The editor's Preface, f. 382^. Colophon of the copyist Gabriel Jb^, f. 3956, with the following date : w* j2A^\ ^J
..
A Table of lessons for the Coptic year, f. 3966, w? g U J^Jj
•with this heading,
i
An introduction to Matthew has been sup- plied by a modern hand at the beginning.
On the fly-leaf is the following note by the Eev. John Dury Geden : " I obtained this MS. at Cairo in March 1864, from the Rev. R. J. Lieder. It came from the Convent of St. Anthony, in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, and is supposed to be about 500 years old."
8.
Or. 1327.— Foil. 242; 9^ in. by 6f ; 13 lines 4J in. long; written in fine large vocalized Neskhi, with richly illuminated 'Unwans; dated A. Martyrum 1050 (A.D. 1334).
[SiK CHARLES A. MUEEAT.]
The four Gospels, viz. Matthew, f. 2, Mark, f. 70, Luke, f. 112, John, f. 186.
Luke begins as follows : ^j^ Ulil ^
UJ1
J*
The MS. was evidently written in Egypt ; the sections are marked in the margin by the hand of the scribe, with Coptic numerals.
The first two pages are occupied by a geometrical design in blue and gold, with this inscription :
BIBLE.
9
The next two pages, containing the be- ginning of Matthew, have illuminated borders at top and bottom, with this inscription :
(Matthew xxviii. 18-19).
Similarly ornamented pages are found at the beginning of the other three Gospels. At the end of Luke is the following colophon :
The last two pages of the MS. are also richly ornamented with a geometrical design in gold, and contain this partly mutilated inscription : li«l*!\ .... &>j£\ LJUM &>
<u£. ' &
At the end of Luke, f. 1846, is a long note of later date. The writer, Khuri 'Abd al- 'Aziz B. Yuhanna B. al-Saminah, records that he read this Gospel in the year of Adam 7088, corresponding with A.H. 988 (A.D. 1580), being then in the house of Nasr Allah B. Shaikh Yunus, whose daughter, wife of the writer's son, had died in the same year.
9.
Or. 1316.— Foil. 250 ; llf in. by 8 ; written in two columns of about 35 lines ; with ornamental borders and numerous miniatures in imitation of European models ; dated the 23rd of Ebib, A. Martyrum 1379 (A.D. 1663). Bound in stamped and gilt leather covers. [SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The four Gospels in Coptic and Arabic.
Contents : Matthew, f . 3,
Mark, f. 68,
'»,llj
Luke, f. 112, John, f. 183, beg.
Table of lessons for Easter week, f . 232-3.
Concordance of the four Gospels ^ ^,^f I»*ail J(l) tyy foil. 2336—235. This was copied A. Martyrum 1401, i.e. twenty- two years after the date of the preceding Gospels, from a MS. which was then 281 years old.
The Canons, ff. 236—240.
Tables of lessons of the Coptic Church for the entire year, ff. 241—249.
At the end of the Gospels, f. 230, is a long colophon, in which the copyist, Abu '1- Muna B. Naslm al-Nakkash .-^j ^ U^ ^ Ui\ j>\ ^ li=»^. fj*-Jtt ^ (^^\ says that the MS. was transcribed from a valuable old copy, and that he had added the drawings from European and Indian copies
The date is as follows :
1379*
&*?
l.vr
At the back of the same folio is a deed of gift by al-Mu'allim Lutf-allah Abu Yusuf, the purchaser of the MS., to the Church of our Lady aud St. George, in the lower street of the Greeks,
It is dated A. Martyrum 1449 (A.D. 1733).
The deed of gift is repeated at the be- ginning of each of the four Gospels.
At the beginning of the MS. are two richly illuminated pages, with this inscription :
»Uii U
* In Coptic figures in the MS. 0
10
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
10.
Or. 1317.— Foil. 410 ; 7| in. by 4| ; written in two columns of about 25 lines, with gold-ruled margins, 'Unwans, gilt heading, and numerous miniatures ; dated 13 Tot, A. Martyrum 1531 (A.D. 1815). Bound in covers embroidered with silver thread.
[Sm CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The four Gospels in Coptic and Arabic. Contents: I. The Canons, with a short preface, f. 2, beginning : ^^ t_^)l *-j
2. Matthew, f. 11, J«
3. Mark, f. 130, ^J, introduction, ff. 126—28.
4. Luke, f . 202, \y ^ preface, ff. 200-201.
5. John, f. 323, U»-y.. ff. 320-21.
Colophon: 1531*
1 with an b^M, with a short , with a preface, >f> oy ir ^ j^
On the last page is a deed of gift by Petrus Archiereus to the Patriarch's seat S^UM iVJiN, dated in the year of the Martyrs 1532 (A.D. 1816).
11.
Or. 3383.— Foil. 210 ; 9£ in. by 6J ; 17 lines, 4f in. long ; written in a large and bold Neskhi, probably in the 13th century.
The Epistles and Acts : ,Jl«J ^111 ^yo ,_? jo-i
»
jj-1^
The lacunae of the original MS. have been filled up by a modern scribe, who imitated,
* In Coptic numerals in the. MS.
as well as he could, the old writing in the following leaves, foil. 2—6, 14—19, 27—49, 61-2, 125—128, and 141—148. He finished his work on Monday, the 18th of Babeh, A. Martyrum 1521 (A.D. 1805).
Contents : Romans, f . 2a ; I. Corinthians, f. 24ft ; II. Corinthians, f . 466 ; Galatians, f. 61a; Ephesians, f. 686; Philippians, f . 756 ; Colossians, f. 81<z ; I. Thessalonians, f. 856 ; II. Thessalonians, f. 856 ; I. Timothy, f. 926 ; II. Timothy, f. 986; Titus, f. lOOa; Philemon, f. 1056 ; Hebrews, f. 1066 ; Catholic Epistles, f. 1236 ; Acts, f. 1496.
The Acts begin as follows :
)\ &jj
The Acts are divided into 177 sections, which are marked in Coptic numerals in the margin.
On the fly-leaf: "I obtained this MS. of the Acts, Epistles, etc., at Cairo, in March 1864, from the Rev. R. J. Lieder, etc.
JOHN DURY GEDEN."
12.
Or. 1318.— Foil. 294; 10J in. by 7; written in two columns of 21 lines, with ornamental headings ; dated (f. 261) Tuesday, 29 Kiakh, A. Martyrum 1132 (A.D. 1416).
[Sm CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Epistles ' of S. Paul in Coptic and Arabic.
The MS. wants, according to the Coptic folioing, twenty leaves at the beginning, and a few of the first extant folios are more or less torn. It begins with Romans, chapter v. 10.
The first Epistle to the Corinthians begins f. 246, as follows :
BIBLE.
11
The remaining Epistles begin as follows : II. Corinthians, f. 1005 ; Galatians, f. 1396 ; Ephesians, f. 1586 ; Philippians, f. 179a ; Colossians, f. 193a; I. Thessalonians, f. 2066; II. Thessalonians,f.219a; I. Timothy, f.226a; II. Timothy, f. 2416 ; Titus, f. 2526 ; Phile- mon, f. 259a ; Hebrews, f . 262a.
This last .Epistle is slightly imperfect at the end ; it wants verses 22 — 25 of chapter xiii.
The following colophon is at tlie end of Philemon: til^j/^^lPj £**J t$3\ ^ ***>}£
1182* fc
13.
Or. 1328.— Foil. 218 ; 10£ in. by 7 ; 15 lines, 5 in. long ; written in a fair large Neskhi, apparently in the 14th century.
[Sin CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Epistles and Acts in Arabic.
The original MS. begins abruptly with Romans, chapter i., v. 9 : but the missing portion has been supplied by a later hand.
The first Epistle to the Corinthians begins, f . 26a, as follows : J\
J1 ^
In Coptic numerals in the MS.
cj-J.
The remaining Epistles begin as follows : II. Corinthians, f. 506 ; Galatians, f . 666 ; Ephesians, f. 746 ; Philippians, f. 826 ; Colossians, f. 876 ; I. Thessalonians, f. 936 ; II., f. 986 ; I. Timothy, f. lOla ; II., f. 1076 ; Titus, f. 1 12a ; Philemon, f. 115a; Hebrews, f. 1166.
The Catholic Epistles begin, f. 1346, as
follows:
The Acts begin, f. 1606, as follows :
The book is divided into 48 chapters, the last of which wants a few lines at the end (chap, xxviii. 31). The short sections are marked throughout the volume with Coptic figures in the margins.
The following date is found at the end of the Catholic Epistles :
It is apparently transcribed from an earlier MS.
c 2
COMMENTARIES.
14.
Or. 1330.— Foil. 267 ; 10 in. by 6$; 17 lines, 5 in. long ; written in a fine large Neskhi ; dated Wednesday, the 1st of Mesuri, A. Mar- tyrum 1102 (A.D. 1386).
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
A Commentary on Genesis, including the entire text in Arabic, without author's name.
Beg.
A-~ 3\
jli.
«u\
The text is divided into 57 sections, called *?\j>, which have mostly headings, showing on what day each is to be read.
The second, f. 16«, which consists of v. 6 — 13 of chapter i., is headed, Lo'oJ) 5
The 57th and last, f. 263&, which extends from chapter xlix. 33, to the end of Genesis, is wrongly headed as the 56th *-»>U\
The Commentary is distinguished from the text by the word jx-ad^ written in red ink, while the text itself is introduced by the word \*f>w\. It deals largely in types and forecasts of the history of Christ, and fre- quently assumes the tone of a homily.
The author is Ephraim Syrus, whose Commentary upon the Pentateuch is pre-
served in the Bodleian Library. See Uri, Syriac MSS., nos. 28, 30, and Nicoll, nos. 4 and 7.
The last leaf of the MS. contains an extract from the life of S. Clement, L_J})\ i,j-J ^
Copyist: t-
15.
Or. 3201.— Foil. 372 ; llf in. by 8; 25 lines, 5 in. long ; written in a large, but rather in- distinct, Neskhi ; dated Syut, "Wednesday, the 2nd of Mesuri, A. Martyrum 1521 (A.D. 1805). [KREMER, no. 212.]
Commentary on the four Gospels, by Abu'l-Faraj 'Abdallah B. al-Tayyib B. 'Ali B. Abi 'Isa al-Shammas al-'Abbadi, with the following rubric : cj~> Ua^j ^JJJuJ Li»yb ,_J(XJ3
A~* \\
s^ li«*
The Commentator's preface begins : U3
The general import of that preface has been stated in the Leyden Catalogue, no. 2375, where a copy of the author's Commentary upon Matthew is described. MSS. contain- ing the Commentary upon the other three Gospels are noticed in the Paris Catalogue, nos. 85-6.
COMMENTARIES.
13
The author's name is written at the end as follows : J* ^ ^^ v> *^ <*** ^j^ j>\ ^buJI (.j-U^ l_^s- ^j>\ (J>. He died A D. 1043, A.H. 435. See, for his life and works, Assemani, Bibliotheca Orient., torn, iii., part i., p. 547 ; Wiistenfeld, Arabische Aer- tzte, no. 132; and Steinschneider, Polemische Literatur, p. 52.
Contents : The Preface of the Commen- tator, f. la. Euseb's Canons, f. 126, with a
short preamble, ^
Commentary upon Matthew, f. 1 9a ; upon Mark, f. I88b ; upon Luke, f. 2155; and upon John, f. 297a. Each Gospel is preceded by a short preamble and a tabulated index of contents.
Copyist : JUW\ ^ tdiU5\ MS. «W «_ala5
\3^-M\ iU*>j .S? •
16.
Or. 1329.— Foil. 64 ; llf in. by 8 ; 16 lines, 4f in. long ; written in large and fair Neskhi, with red-ruled margins, and twelve coloured drawings ; dated Thursday, 20 Baramhatj A. Martyrum 1387 (A.D. 1671).
[Sin CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Revelation of S. John, with an anonymous Commentary.
After the first eleven verses of the text, the Commentary begins as follows : J~A»>\ JS
And again, after v. 16,
g-
J\S
j jai
i
The colophon is :
J (»
1387*
On the first page is a deed of gift to the Church of Anba Barsoma the naked, in tlic Convent of Shahran llwl ^a^\ \j^.^ ***-? ^^i, j>& (^.j^ Vr^ -*bJ\ dated 28 Emshlr,
A. Martyrum 1452 (A.D. 1736).
0
17.
Or. 3707.— Foil. 88 ; 8 in. by 5f ; 17 lines, 4 in. long ; written in Neskhi, A.D. 1824.
[BUDGE. J
A Commentary upon the Apocalypse, translated from the Latin of the Jesuit Johannes Stephanus Minucius, by Butrw*
B. Yuhanna al-Suryani al-Halabi, a pupil of the Propaganda.
Beg.
To the Commentary is prefixed a short state- ment of the contents, beginning : j
The text is included in the Commentary, and written in red. At the end is a transla- tion of the Creed of S. Athanasius ^
* In Coptic numerals in the MS.
LITURGIES AND OFFICES.
18.
Or. 1239.— Foil. 159 ; Siin.bySf ; 17 lines, 4 in. long, in two columns, apparently in the 12th century. [SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Liturgies of S. Basil, S. Gregory, and S. Cyril, in Coptic and Arabic.
The Coptic is written in a fine large uncial character, and the Arabic in a good archaic hand. There are ornaments of interlaced pattern in black at the beginning of each part. But the first portion of the MS. is much damaged, and part of the writing is gone.
The Liturgy of S. Basil ends f. 626:
The Liturgy of S. Gregory begins, f. 65a,
as follows : IwU A\ (_^)1 j4^ y^ ^ &/jl
~jJ\ j£> J*lc- j£h and has an ornamental
heading, f. 67«, with these words : JuJ\
It ends, f . 1 10a,
lifc^
The Liturgy of S. Cyril begins, f.
H »A» Jlft3
For an account of these liturgies, and their editions, see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 356, note a. Copies are mentioned by Uri, Codd. Coptici, nos. 38 — 42.
19.
Or. 1324.— Foil. 69 ; 7 in. by 5£; about 13 lines, in two columns ; written in fair large character, probably in the 14th century.
[SiR CHARLES. A. MURRAY.]
The Order of the Eucharist, in Coptic and Arabic, imperfect at beginning and end, and having many internal lacunae.
It begins abruptly, as follows :
See Tuki, Missale Romanum, p. 4. It ends with a prayer entitled : t
(j JJ\
and beginning :
J\ ±
20.
Or. 1322.— Foil. 76 ; 7f in. by 5J ; 17 lines, written, in two columns, in fair large cha- racter; dated Thursday, 4 Ba'uneh, A. Mar- tyrum!059 (A.D. 1343).
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Oi'der of Consecration of monks and nuns, in Coptic and Arabic.
Beg.
At the end of the first part, f. 36-7, is an exhortation, in Arabic only, to be recited to the monk
The second part begins, f. 38a, as follows:
In the colophon, f. 56, the MS. is stated to have been written for al-Kiss Anba Mlkha'il, previously called Rashld al-Manakhili.
Foil. 566 — 75 contain a Psalm and other texts in Coptic only.
21.
Or. 4099.— Foil. 282 ; 11$ in. by 7f ; 21 lines, 5f in. long ; written in fine large Neskhi ; dated A.H. 1008 (A.D. 1599-1600).
[BUDGE.]
LITURGIES AND OFFICES.
18
Lessons from the Gospels for the whole year.
Contents : f. \b, Anonymous preface treat- ing of the four Evangelists, their divine in- spiration, and the agreement of the four Gospels, beginning : 'jj» «a*^o U>
Fol. 36 contains a coloured drawing re- presenting S. John the Evangelist, with his name in Greek.
Fol. 46. Lessons from the Gospel of John to be read from Easter to Pentecost, be- ginning with this general heading : jj\
Jj!
Fol. 38a. Lessons from Matthew and Mark, for Saturdays and Sundays after Pentecost to the 16th Sunday.
Beg.
JJ J u
o
8,Uo
Fol. 86a. Lessons from Luke, to be read from Monday after the Feast of the Cross to
the sixteenth week after it :
'i\\j
Fol. 1346. Lessons from Luke, Mark and Matthew, to be read from the seventeenth week after the Feast of the Cross to Lent.
Beg.
Fol. 150a. Lessons from the Gospels for Lent, J
Fol. 1726. Lessons for the Passion week and the day of the Resurrection.
Beg.' r^\ > 'ij^\ i4l CU« ^J ^^ Jjk».li^
Fol. 2156. Lessons for feast-days through- out the year, from the month of Eiliil to the month of Ab, «Ja.~M iUc-^JJ JLJ\ \a U
Fol. 2676. Lessons for the feasts of saints, angels, apostles, martyrs, etc., throughout the year : J j^k^ J* ^Ufr^)\ ^ J\S5
_
To the lessons are frequently added re- flections and comments, introduced by the words j~L^\ J\S, or, in some places, yLA\ JS
The copyist, Taljah al-Nasikh, calls him- self a native of Hamiit «U»- AJO.^ ^ v-»U!\ &ar
On the last page of the MS. are three obituary notices, one of which relates to the same Taljah, here called x^^jL^iN i_a^|y. Jii ^pi ^};r ^^ ^ &£ ^.li-b, who is said to have died on the 27th of Tamuz, of the year of Adam 7155.
THEOLOGY.
22.
Or. 4245.— Foil. 319 ; 9 in. by 6J ; from 17 to 20 lines, 4 in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi ; dated 1 Tishrin, A.D. 1848.
[BUDGE.]
I. Foil. 1—63. The Dialectica of John Damascen, to which is prefixed his epistle to Cosmas, Bishop of Mayuma, with the follow-
title :
ng
Beg.
,iji«~J\
U
The Greek text, with a Latin version, will be found in the 94th volume of Migne's Patrologia, coll. 521—675.
The Arabic version is somewhat shorter than the original, and consists of only 53 chapters. The first 15 agree with chapters 1—14 of the Bale edition (v. Migne, col. 527), chapters 45 — 48 correspond with chapters 60—63 of Migne's text, chapter 49 with Migne's chapters 64 and 65, chapter 50 with Migne's chapters 67 and 68, and chapter 51 with Migne's 66. The last two chapters, namely 52 and 53, treat generally of genus and species, and do not seem to correspond exactly with any of the original chapters.
For other copies see Pertsch, no. 1207, art. 2 ; Eosen, Notices Sommaires, no. 6, art. 1 ; and Mai, Scriptorum veterum nova collectio, torn, iv., nos. 79, 187 — 189.
II. Foil. 64-202. The Book of a hundred Discourses, a translation of ' Orthodoxae Fidei accurata Expositio,' by John Damascen, with this title :
Beg. blaftN
M— I
315* i£J>\
Jl ^Ju
The original text will be found in the same volume of Migne's Patrologia, coll. 789—1228. The headings of the hundred chapters of the Arabic version have been given by Assemani, Mai's Collectio Nova, torn, iv., no. 79, art. 3, no. 177, art. 2, and by Nicoll, Bodleian Catalogue, no 24. For other copies see Uri, no. 36 ; the Paris Cata- logue, nos. 164-65 ; Eosen, Notices Som- maires, no. 5. A full table of the chapters occupies six pages.
III. Foil. 203—266. Five discourses of John Damascen on the Creed, and against
Heretics :
The
first is inscribed : .Ja*J! IJULJ^) ,Jj\
and begins :
The Greek text is lost. A Latin transla- tion from an Arabic MS. of the Paris Oratory is given in Migne's Patrologia, vol. 95, coll. 417—438.
THEOLOGY.
17
The second, f. 216, is against the Nestorians, and begins : (_$• J^jj ^ ViLu-*
^
JyjJ\ vsJif- ^ U) Vy erV b
See, for the original, Migne, ib., vol. 95, coll. 187— 221.
The third, f. 2356, is against the Jacobites, UjA>yi«jJ\ 2\3U ^ L)J and begins:
Jy tilSjo J.J& OJj ^ji^. lc
It is abridged from the original, as found in Migne' s vol. 94, coll. 1435—1502.
The fourth, f. 2616, is against those who reject images, \# ^L ^ sSJUU ^xi J^xi y>j 6- and begins : ^ ^ UJ ^^ui?.
It appears to be abridged from John Damascen's Orationes de Imaginibus. See Migne, vol. 94, coll. 1231—1432.
The fifth, f. 266, is a short extract from the Discourses on the Divinity of Christ, treating of the stay of Our Lord's body in the tomb,
!i)o jjiJl
For other copies of the five Discourses see Rosen, Notices Sommaires, no. 6, art. 2, and Mai, ib., no. 79, art. 2.
IV. Foil. 267—278. Short exposition of the Christian doctrine, in 22 Babs, by Paul of Antioch, Bishop of Sidon, J
lli\
lS\ai
Beg.
J\ UJo J (j
The author lived in the 15th century.
The contents are stated by Assemani, Mai's Collectio Nova, torn, iv., nos. Ill, 147; by Uri, no. 42, art. 2, and by Nicoll, no. 25. Other copies are mentioned by Uri, no. I'J, art. 2, and no. 51, art. 3. For a life of the author see Wright's Syriac Catalogue, p. 1097, art. 45, and Steinschneider, Polemische, Literatur, p. 61.
V. Foil. 2786—279. A short explanation of the Christian's belief in the Unity and Trinity of God, by the same author: _-i»
Beg.
A copy of this and the preceding article is noticed by Rosen, Notices Sommaires, no. 6, artt. 3 and 4.
VI. Foil. 280—319. Extracts from a Christian work on physics and metaphysics, without author's name.
Beg.
The original work is divided into Makalahs, subdivided into Fusul. The Makalahs un- numbered, but the numbers of those given in the present extracts are not consecutive. The first three Makalahs are followed, f. 294n, by the tenth, on accident uo^\ j, and tins, f. 2976, by the seventeenth, on the efficient cause &\f\a.\\ *U\ j. The last numbered Makalah is the twentieth, f. 3166, (ju*> j, ^\. It is followed, f. 315a, by a final and unnumbered one &jUJ\ &*^ J}. The work is designated in the colophon as
Copyist :
18
CHRISTIAN LITERATDEE.
23.
Or. 1331.— Foil. 279 ; 10 in. by 7 ; 13 lines, 4 in. long ; written in a fine large Neskhi, with vowels ; dated Cairo, 14 Ba'uneh, A. Martyrum 1071 (A.D. 1355).
[Sm CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
Digest of the Canons of the Church, by al-Mu'taman Abu Ishak B. Abi'l-Mufaddal (alias Abi'1-Fadl) B. Abi Ishak, called Ibn al-'Assal.
The author, whose name is written in the colophon as follows, j>\ er*^ Jxsla)\ (jJ>}\ JL-N ^\ ^ y? jJiU ^1 & j**\ is the same writer to whom is due an exposition of the Christian Faith (see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 788a, and Steinschneider, Polemische Lite- ratur, no. 69). He completed the present work, as stated in the colophon, on the 10th of Baramhat, A. Martyrum 952 (A.D. 1236).
The contents are described by Assemani, Biblioth. Medic, Laurent., no. 61, and Mai's Collectio Nova, torn, iv., no. 151 ; by Uri, Syriac MSS., p. 19, no. 89, and p. 41, no. 67 ; and in the Paris Catalogue, no. 245. In the last, however, the work is ascribed, apparently on the authority of an erroneous statement of Renaudot, to al-Safi Ibn al-'Assal, a brother of the author (v. Arabic Catalogue, p. 7586).
From the original Coptic folioing of the MS. it appears to have lost the first five leaves. It begins abruptly with these words :
In the extant part of the preface to which the passage belongs, the author, after dwelling upon the benefits conferred upon mankind by the divine law, complains of the imperfections of the collections of Canons previously com- piled in Arabic, and explains the scope of the present work, and the method followed in its
composition. This is followed, f. 86, by a full enumeration of the Canons on which the present work is based, from those of the Apostles to those of the Emperors, together with the monograms by which the author refers to them,
It is said at the end, f. 25a, that the work is divided into two parts *£• comprising together 51 chapters u->b, a full table of which occupies foil. 28—33.
Part I., f. 25a, SjjU-jjM, contains 22 Babs, namely, ten relating to the constitution of the Church and to the laws concerning priests and monks, and twelve, numbered 11 — 22, relating to religious duties in general £cUS\ obUJl, f.
Part II., f. 1706, miiljSn j*^ bb ^jj^f-j £«— J, contains 29 Babs, namely, nine, numbered 23 — 31, relating to bodily matters £%&*£ jyfi\, such as food, marriage, concubinage, wills, successions, etc.; ten Babs, numbered 32 — 41, relating to civil transac- tions O5Ul»V, fol. 231a, and ten more, num- bered 42 — 51, relating to mortal and venial sins and their punishments j^X f. 249a.
There are marginal notes due to the author himself. The copyist, Jirjis B. al-Kiss Abi'l- Mufaddal, states in the colophon that he transcribed the first part of the work, from the beginning to Bab 33 (fol. 233), from the original MS. in Damascus, '&>.&»> J^N i*^ ^ j±*^, and the rest from a copy written by Anba Cyrillus, Bishop of Siut, (_aa-^ u^jif \p\ lajA**, known as Ibn al-Sa'igh.
24.
Or. 3708.— Foil. Ill ; 8 in. by 5^ ; 17 lines, 3| in. long ; written in a neat Neskhi, dated 3 Khaziran, A.D. 1713. [BUDGE.]
THEOLOGY.
19
A full exposition by question and answer of the rites and ordinances of the Chaldean Church, and of their meaning, by Mar Yusuf II., Patriarch of the Chaldees.
Beg.
<_>i*J
U
The work is divided into five Makalahs, subdivided into chapters (Fusul), a full table of which follows the preface. The Makalahs have the following headings :
Pol. 46. ^^w>j ^4-*^? »^»^ ^^ <j I- Pol. 266. \$i>U*j i-^2\ j^jSk j II. Pol. 466. 5 JN t.-o3^\j o-^akJi j III.
Pol. 69a. »^yJ&Jiaaj(_)tt1lifl.!\tUu«>\Lj IV.
Fol. 83«. ^^j **-^>j £U*^ (j V.
At the beginning of the work, f. 46, the author is called : j,\*-jj\ ^j
25.
Or. 4240.— Foil. 142 ; 12 in. by 8 ; 20 lines, about 6 in. long ; written in rather cursive Neskhi ; apparently in the 17th century.
[BUDGE.]
I. Foil. 1—27. A treatise on Christian morals, without author's name.
The work treats, in twelve Babs, of virtues
and their opposite vices. The author is Elias Bar ShinuyFi, Metropolitan of Nisibin, who was raised to that office A.D. 1009. See Rosen's Syriac Catalogue, p. 896. The full title of the work is ^\ ^ J* f->^ L-J^. Of two copies noticed in the Arabic Catalogue, pp. 51a and 3646, the first is wrongly ascribed to Gregory Barhebraeus. For other copies see Mai's Nova Collectio, torn, iv., nos. 158, art. 2, and 180, 181 ; Nicoll, no. 42, where the contents are stated ; Pertsch, no. 2859 ; and the Paris Catalogue, nos. 175-0. Foil. 1 — 11 have been supplied by a later hand. '
II. Foil. 28—142. A full exposition of the faith, and religious and moral duties of Christians, without title or author's name.
Beg. A->
Jy jj»\ Ja Jjo U . . . ftt d\ ±2- Lit 4J
The work begins with a wordy introduc- tion on the efficacy of faith, and contains the following four Babs :
Bab I., consisting of one Fasl, the opening of the exposition WU*N *«:&, f. 296.
Bab II., the exposition ^UjJ^ in three Fasls, viz. :
1. The pinnacle of faith uUi^l! 'ijj>, or unity of God, f. 41.
2. The fundament of faith u»U^, f. 466. (There is one leaf wanting after f. 49, and
two after f. 55 ; and the beginning of the third Fasl, treating of the Creed, is lost.)
Bab III. The four pillars **>^\ ^\, in as many Fasls, viz. Baptism, f. 68a; the Sacrifice (or mass) u^/iM, f: 73a ; the Gospel, f. 77a ; the Cross, f. 94a.
Bab IV. The seven lamps (or Christian virtues) iu— N £jlx»V, in seven Fasls, viz. Piety, f. lOla; Charity, f. 109« ; Prayer, f. 1116; Fasting, f. 121a ; Mercy, f. 127d ; Humility, f. 130a; Purity, f. 134a. D 2 '
20
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
26.
Or. 1335.— Foil. 222 ; 10 in. by 6£ ; 19 lines, 4J in. long ; written in large Neskhi, apparently in the 14th century.
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
A work on the duties and observances of religious and monastic life, imperfect at beginning and end.
The MS. appears, from the original Coptic folioing, to have lost the first 14 leaves. It begins as follows : jjUiJI
t-r^'j LiL-i^
This is part of a long and wordy preface, foil. 1 — 7, in which the author, who desig- nates himself by the name of Karram, f. 56, lajj \j\j ~)\ +\j>, declares himself
unworthy, as a great sinner, to exhort his brethren, but finally yields to their instances. The only division noticeable in the body of the work is found in the following heading, f. 87a, ^y\ J*»aN
The fourth chapter, which treats of fast- ing and prayer, begins as follows :
U &Z>\j slai*. ^*}ta lx>
UJ
\Ji\j
The author appears to have been a Coptic priest or monk. In order to show the efficacy of fasting and prayer, he tells at length, foil. 108 — 110, of the heavenly visions and su- pernatural powers which by this means have been vouchsafed to the following Egyptian saints: S. Antonius, Anba Bula, Macarius isjliU Ui), John the Short ^x*aM Lrjjtf Uii, Anba Abshaih, Anba Ladasan ^Uo^ ^>\, Pakhomius (.j^-eye:, and Shenudeh sj^ii*. In the first part he gives many precepts and rules relating to monastic life. He treats fully of con- fession, and insists repeatedly that no one
is entitled to receive it and grant absolution but the priest who has received the impo- sition of hands from the successors of the Apostles, f. 796 :
In the section relating to prayer, no fewer than seven distinct times of prayer are en- joined, six of which appear in the following
headings: ^y&> ^ ^ J^N *J^\ f. 137a,
f. 141a, f. 151 a,
i f. 158a, f. 165a, ^ J" f . 1 68a.
The original MS. breaks off, f. 219, after a fierce denunciation of hypocrites and repro- bates, and an exhortation to repentance. Three leaves of later writing follow, treating of the terrors of the day of judgment.
27.
Or. 4241.— Foil. 107 ; 8f in. by 6* ; 19 lines, 4£ in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi ; dated Mossul, Ayar, A.D. 1848. [BUDGE.]
Extracts from the works of St. Teresia bjy L-juxa^ (died A.D. 1582) translated from Latin into Arabic.
Beg.
The translator does not give his name, but describes himself as one of the missionary monks of the Order of the bare-footed Carmelites, ujjl
The work consists of a preface (Mukad- dimah), setting forth the excellence of the original, and the reasons for translating it,
THEOLOGY.
21
and of thirteen Fasls, containing extracts from the various works of St. Teresa, a table of which is given at the end of the preface.
Copyist :
28.
Or. 3709.— Foil. 199 ; 6$ in. by 4 ; 15 lines, 2j in. long; written in neat Neskhi, ap- parently in the 18th century. [BUDGE.]
Rare cases of confession by Christoval de Vega, translated from Italian into Arabic by Ibrahim Jalwiin al-Samarani, a Maronite sub- deacon.
Beg.
Uy.Uj ju\ ^ jJI
Christoval de Vega, a Spanish Jesuit, who died in 1672, is the reputed author of the ' Casos raros de la Confession,' printed in Valencia, 1664, and afterwards translated into Italian and printed in Rome, 1668, with the addition of ' Riflessioni di Antonio Heraudo, di Levenzo.' See Backer, 3e Serie, p. 740.
The translator, who describes himself as a pupil of the Roman schools, took the work from the Italian. He mentions not only the author, l^-?-A\ li>_, ^j^y^la^i. Ui^M, but also the writer of the additional reflections contained in the Roman edition, namely,
^0 (*\J*^ ^f ^\ O*"*iH^ O^'j^3^
He adds that the translation was written A.D. 1723.
The work is divided into two parts >£-, the first with sixteen, the second, f. 73, with twenty chapters. The reflections of Heraudo, beginning f. 1396, are in five chapters.
LIVES OF SAINTS.
29.
Or. 2328.— Foil. 210; 10} in. by 7J; 27 lines, 5| in. long ; written in a cursive and inelegant Neskhi ; dated Mossul, A.D. 1880.
[Presented by COL. S. B. MILES.]
The Synaxarium, or Lives of Saints and Martyrs, arranged according to the Calendar.
Axi3\
This is the Coptic Synaxarium adapted to the Syrian calendar. It follows the order of the Syrian months from the first of Tishrin I. to the thirtieth of Eilul ; but there are frequent references to the Coptic months, and the substance agrees with the Coptic Synaxarium, an abstract of which has been given by Assemani in the Bibliotheca Medicea Laurentiana, pp. 164 — 187, and in Mai's Scriptorum veterum Nova Collectio, torn, iv., pp. 92— 121.
The first of Tishrin, with which the MS. begins, corresponds with the fourth of Babeh (Assemani, Bibl. Med. Laur., p. 166).
The second part, f. 876, U^ y- JliN ^ (^Ua-J), begins with the first day of the seventh Coptic month, Baramhat (Assemani, p. 177), corresponding with the 25th of Sabat.
The original beginning of the work is found f . 195a, with the heading : i_*I& i_y^ j£» J\ U\ U \j > - &J* **>\ U
The first day of Tot, with which the Coptic Synaxarium begins, corresponds with the 29th of Ab.
22
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
The Coptic Synaxarium is ascribed to Michael, Bishop of Atribis, who lived about A.D. 1425. A German translation of the first quarter has been published by Wiisten- feld, Gotha, 1879.
For other copies see Ori, Syriac MSS., no. 92, and the Paris Catalogue, nos. 254 — 56.
3O.
Or. 4523.— Foil. 185; 10$ in. by 7J; 17 lines, 4f in. long ; written in fair large Neskhi ; dated Friday, 24 Babeh, A. Martyrum 1532 (A.D. 1815). Life and teaching of S. Pakhomius :
Beg. Oj
A short introduction treats of the holy martyrs, and of the pious monks who suc- ceeded them, and multiplied in Egypt after the persecutions of Diocletian and Maximian. The author enters upon his subject, f. 2«, as
follows : \j
,»js>-b
The life forms a continuous text, without any division. The death of Pakhom on the 14th of Beshens, at the age of sixty, is re- corded, f. 1506. The latter part of the work, foil. 151 — 181, is taken up with an account of his successors, Petronius, Orsesius ^yj~~*»ajj\ and Theodore (j^^. It concludes with a letter written by Athanasius, Patriarch of Alexandria, on the death of the last.
Foil. 182 — 185 contain the scribe's colo- phon, followed by additional passages quoted from Pakhom and other sacred writers. This copy was transcribed for Anba Petrus, the 109th Patriarch, from an old MS. belonging
to the Convent of S. Anthony, in the Desert of al-'Arabah. It was dedicated by the said Patriarch Petrus to the Patriarchal Seat.
The Arabic text has been published, with a French translation, by Amelineau, Annales du Musee Guimet, pp. 337 — 711.
Short lives of Pakhom and Theodore are given in Coptic and Latin by Zoega, pp. 71 — 87. For copies of the Arabic version, see Assemani, Mai's Nova Collectio, torn, iv., no. 172, and the Paris Catalogue, no. 261.
HISTORY.
31.
Or. 1336.— Foil. 169 ; 9 in. by 6£; 17 lines, 4^ in. long ; written in fine large Neskhi ; apparently in the 15th century.
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
A history of the Jews, ascribed to Yusuf
B. Gorion,
It begins with the same rubric as the copy previously described, no. 1, art. xi. The eight books begin respectively at ff. U, 25«, 49«, 73&, 98a, 105ft, 1246, and 1526.
The first four and the last four leaves, as well as a few in the body of the volume, have been supplied by a later scribe, A. Martyrum 1402 (A.D. 1686). The earliest of several notes recording readings of the MS. is dated A.H. 899 (A.D. 1493). See f. 104<5.
At the end is a deed of gift by Athanasius of Abutika to the Convent of S. Anthony in al-'Arabah, dated A. Martt. 1508 (A.D. 1792).
32.
Or. 3009.— Foil. 224; Ilfin.by7f; 19 lines, 5^ in. long ; written in the large and formal Neskhi usual with Christian scribes, and folioed with Coptic numerals, probably in the 15th century. [KREMER, no. 6.]
HISTORY.
23
History of the Dynasties JjJ\^a^*, by Abu'l - Faraj Gregorius, known as Bar- Hebraeus, who died A.H. 685.
The copy wants fourteen leaves at the beginning, and three at the end. It begins in the history of Moses at this passage: iL5y)! sZ*-jj \,^a*> y* f**^ &>\ i_r^?.» which occurs in the text edited by Pococke, Oxford, 1683, p. 26, line 19. The last leaf, f. 224, supplies the first portion of the lacune which exists at p. 562 of the printed edition. Its contents correspond with a previously de- scribed copy, Add. 23, 304, f. 259«,line 12— f. 260o, line 15. The last words are : <&
Some leaves are also wanting in the body of the volume, namely, one after f. 195 (Pococke, p. 456, line 11— f. 458, line 15), one after f. 199 (ib. p. 457, line 19— p. 470, line 8), ten after f. 201 (ib., p. 475, line 6- p. 498, line 14), two after f. 205 (ib., p. 508, line 6— p. 512, line 18), and two after f. 217 (ib., p. 542, line 7— p. 547, line 13).
For the author's life, and other copies of the work, see Wiistenfeld, Geschichtschreiber, no. 363 ; the Arabic Catalogue, pp. 426&, 554« ; Uri, nos. 96, 97 ; the Leyden Cata- logue, vol. ii., p. 147; the Munich Cata- logue, no. 377 ; De Slane, Paris Catalogue, nos. 296 — 99 ; and Rosen, Institut, no. 37.
33.
Or. 2438.— Foil. 56 ; 9± in. by 6; 17 lines, 4f in. long; written in fair Neskhi, apparently in the 13th century.
[Presented by COL. S. B. MILES.]
A fragment of an historical work, without author's name.
The first leaves of the MS. are more or less torn, and the ink is much faded. The work appears to have been divided, as far as
shown in this fragment, into three Books, -», the first of which is lost. The second, of which portions only are extant, relates to theological and controversial matters, while the third, which forms the main part of the volume, treats of the history of the Roman and Byzantine Emperors, down to A.H. 49 (A.D. 670). An author frequently quoted is Sa'id B. Batrik, Patriarch of Alexandria, who died A.H. 328 (A.D. 940).
The following are the headings found in Book II :
Pol, Ib.
J j
Fol. 3a. c^US\ Lias-
Fol. 7a.
Fol. 136.
(Purporting to show that Zaradusht pre dicted the advent of Christ.)
Fol. 156. -Jl 3U5
Fol. 186. JQ\
iil)\
j* J
The third, or historical book, beginning f. 20a, is divided into seven chapters J^oJ, the first of which is a brief preamble. Chapters 2 — 5 enumerate the successors of Peter in Rome, f. 206, the Patriarchs of Alexandria, f. 216, of Antioch, f. 23a, and the Bishops of Jerusalem, f. 24a, from the
24
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
time of the Apostles to tbe Council of Nicaea. Chapter 6, f. 25a, treats of the heathen Emperors down to Constantino. Chapter 7, f. 286, is a history of Constantino and his successors, including an account of the Councils, and of the contemporary Pa- triarchs, down to A.H. 49. It ends with
these words ;
UB>
w
\*j~\
This is followed by a brief summary, in which the Jacobites and Maronites are men- tioned as heterodox, and which comes to an abrupt termination.
34.
Or. 1:337.— Foil. 295 ; 13 in. by 8^ ; 19 lines, 5^ in. long ; written in fair large Neskhi ; dated 5 Tobeh, A. Martyrum 1505, A.H. 1203 (A.D. 1789). [SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
A work treating of the various eras and systems of chronology in use with the Eastern nations, with chronological tables brought down to A.H. 655 = A. Martyrum 973 (A.D. 1257).
v
X*
The work is divided into fifty-one Babs, a table of which is given after the above title.
The main contents are as follows : Divisions of time, and the years and months as reckoned by Arabs, Jews, astronomers, Greeks, Euro- peans, Persians and Copts, f. 4a. Calculation of dates and reductions of eras, f. lla. Is night to precede day, or the reverse ? f. 16«. On what day was the moon created? f. 18«. On what day was the beginning of creation ? f. 22«. How to calculate the intervals bet ween various eras, f . 28i. Principal dates of Biblical and Jewish history and the Apocalypse re- duced to the Era of the Martyrs, f. 31a. Chronology of the life of Christ, f . 54a. How
to find the (-r»£,l\ ,Jbaj\ or the Epact, f. 56a. How to calculate Easter and the Jewish Passover, f. 626. The Jewish calendar, f. 75a. The lunar years and months, f. 776. The astronomical solar year, f. 835. The reckoning of the Christian festivals, and vindication of the Coptic use, f. 87 a. Table showing the concordance of the Coptic and Syrian months, f. 1236. The chronological tables which follow occupy more than half the volume, foil. 125—282. In the earlier ones the dates are given in parallel columns, according to the following authorities : Ibn al-Rahib, Sa'id B. Batrik, John Chrysostom, al-Manbiji, Epiphanius, a Sa'Idi writer gfi> {jojjiiwaJI L>a*?, the Jew Abu '1-Fakhr, and al-Muntasir, j*o'JJ\\ Jii. The tables are fol- lowed in some instances by fuller comments, due to the compiler.
They relate to the following subjects : The Patriarchs, f. 1256 ; The Judges, f. 1366; Kings of Israel, f. 1426 ; Kings of Judah, f. 1496 ; Kings of Babylon and Persia, f. 155« ; Alexander and his successors, f. 1596 ; The Maccabees and Herod, f. 1636 ; The Roman Emperors, from Augustus to Heraclius, f. 169a ; The Khalifa. down to A.H. 623, f. 184«; The Kings of Egypt from Ahmad B. Tulun, to al-Malik al-Mansur, A.H. 655. The Osmanli Sultans from their origin to the French invasion in Egypt,
HOMILIES.
25
A.H. 1214 (this is an addition to the original work by a later hand), f . 2245. The Patriarchs of Alexandria, from S.Mark the Apostle to Ga- briel, the 77th Patriarch (A. Martt. 985—87), f. 235Z». This section is brought down by a first continuator to Mark, the 106th Patriarch, proclaimed A. Martt. 1461, and by a second, in another hand, to Mark, the 108th Pa- triarch, proclaimed A. Martt. 1513. A tabu- lated summary of the Patriarchs, foil. 278 — 282. A chronological account of the first seven Councils, foil. 283 — 295. It is stated in the colophon that the MS. was transcribed from a copy in the Patriarch's Library, dated A. Martt. 1310 (A.D. 1594).
The contents of the chronological tables agree with those of the chronicle of Ibn al- Rahib, translated into Latin by Abraham Ecchellensis and J. S. Assemani. See Mai's Nova Collectio, torn, iv., no. 166. The proper name of Ibn al-Rahib is Abu Shakir Petrus B. Abi'l-Karam B. al-Muhaddib. See ib., no. 116, and further on, no. 47, vii.
35.
Or. 1338.— Foil. 352 ; 8 in. by 6 ; 15 lines, 4^ in. long ; written in clear Neskhi ; dated Friday, 27 Mesuri, A. Martyrum 1452, the 24th of Eabl' II., A.H. 1149 (A.D. 1736).
[SiR CHARLES A. MUKEAY.]
Lives of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, from the first, S. Mark the Apostle, to Matthew the 87th, without author's name.
Beg.
The main part of the work, foil. 1 — 319, consists of consecutive, some of them very extensive, lives of the first seventy-five Patriarchs. Of the seventy-sixth, Atha- nasius (Renaudot's Historia Patriarcharum Alexandrinorum, 1713, p. 599), it is merely stated that he was consecrated on the 5th of Babeh, A. Martyrum 967 = 4 Rajab, A.H. 648 (A.D. 1251). After this there is a break in the series, and the next section, fi. 320—345, is devoted to the life and miracles of the 87th Patriarch, Matthew jp» (of whom Renaudot, p. 610, gives only the name). He was enthroned in Alexandria on the 16th of Mesuri, A. Martyrum 1094, and died in great renown of sanctity on the 5th of Tobeh, A. Martyrum 1125 (A.D. 1409). The author, who appears to have written shortly after his death, concludes with an enumeration of the holy men who suffered martyrdom in his Patriarchate.
Foil. 3455—352 contain an appendix of much later date. It consists of the lives of the 103rd and 104th Patriarchs, namely, John (jJ'jJ, who was consecrated A. Mar- tyrum 1389, and died A. Martt. 1434 = A.H. 1130 (A.D. 1718), and his successor, Peter ^Jbj, who died in Bararahiit, A. Martt. 1442— A.H. 1138 (A.D. 1726).
HOMILIES.
36.
Or. 1332.— Foil. 249 ; 10^ in. by 7 ; 17 lines, 4J in. long; written in fair large Neskhi, apparently in the 14th century.
[SiE CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
26
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
Homilies of S. Ephraim Syrus, imperfect at the beginning : ^.^ Jy ^ 2jSV jc^\ ^b^l jJyl jU The MS. has lost, as shown by the original Coptic folioing, thirty-seven leaves at the beginning, and thirty-three in its early portion. The first rubric extant is that of the sixth homily, f. 15a, (_j*sLJ\ j^\\
L^\ &»{&* ^ J&>^ %jUL* ,_K the preceding folios containing detached portions of the previous homilies. The contents agree with those of the Arundel MS., Or. I., which has been fully described in the Arabic Catalogue, pp. 26 — 29 ; but the number of homilies is reduced from 53 to 50 by the omission of the homilies numbered 36 and 38 in the Arundel MS., and by the fusion of nos. 52 and 53 into one.
The homilies are followed, as in that copy, by the Encomium of Gregory Nyssen on S. Ephraim, f. 2346 :
The last two leaves, supplied by a later hand, break off before the end.
Several MSS. of the same collection are described in the Paris Catalogue, nos. 135 — 139. The contents are stated in Mai's Scriptorum veterum nova collectio, torn, iv., nos. 67, 68, and by Uri, nos. 60, 65.
37 & 38.
Or. 1333 and 1334.— Two uniform MSS., consisting respectively of foil. 212 and 207 ; 10 in. by 6^ ; 17 lines, 4£ in. long ; written in fair large Neskhi, probably in the 15th century. [Sm CHAKLES A. MURRAY.]
Another copy of the homilies of S. Ephraim.
The first volume wants the first seven leaves.
It begins, in the middle of the first homily,
with these words : i) l$K *^i~ (Arund., Or. 1., f. 56, line 2). The second homily begins, f. 3«, with this heading: <_j\j&\j «j\JJ £jy ijW- The first volume ends with the fifth page of the 21st homily :
The second volume commences with the latter part of the above homily, and completes the work. The 53rd homily, beginning f. 1876, is written in continuation of the pre- ceding, without any heading. It is followed, f. 190o, by the Encomium of S. Gregory, which wants the last two pages.
39.
Or. 3598.— Foil. 246; 8| in. by 6J ; 14 lines, 4 in. long ; written in large Neskhi in the Convent of S. Anthony, in the Desert of Al- 'Arabah, dated 20 Kayahk, A. Martyrum 1441 (A.D. 1725).
The first part of the MS., foil. 1—115, contains the following seven discourses on the miracles of Archangel Michael, most of which have been translated into French, and published by E. Amelineau in the first volume of his " Contes et Romans de 1'Egypte Chretienne," Paris, 1888 :-
I. Discourse of S. Theodosius in glorifica- tion of Archangel Michael, and on the miracle he performed for Dorotheos and his wife Theopista, to be read on the 12th of Hator,
Beg.
U Uu-* J\5
HOMILIES.
27
II. Fol. 16a. Discourse of Donatius, first Bishop of Athens, on the miracles performed by Archangel Michael in the Church built in his name in Athens, U^
jj> JM\»>\ Jj\
ja\ t-
Beg.
b U)
Translated by Amelineau, I.e., pp. 1 — 10, under the title : " Comment se convertit la ville d'Athenes."
III. Fol. 326. Discourse of S. Anastasius, Bishop of the island of Terakiya, on the miracle performed by Archangel Michael for S. Euphemia,
«\>
Translated ib., pp. 21—68, under the title : " Legende de la Sainte Euphemie."
The two additional tales mentioned in the above title, are those of Aristarchus and his wife Eugenia, f. 52«, and of a monk who was devoted to S. Michael, f. 556.
IV. Fol. 676. Discourse of Tiinotheus, Patriarch of Alexandria, on the vision that was vouchsafed to him in Jerusalem,
Ui
Translated ib., pp. 11—20, "Vision de Saint Jean 1'Evangeliste."
V. Fol. 78a. Discourse of Severus, Pa-
triarch of Antioch, on the conversion of Matthew, the scribe, with his wife and children, *>.\*a \*>\
Translated ib., pp. 85 — 108, " La conver- sion du scribe Mathieu et de sa famille."
VI. Fol. 936. Discourse on the ten mira- cles of Archangel Michael,
>\ Jf
Translated ib., pp. 69 — 84.
VII. Fol. 1066. Discourse of Gregory the Theologian, Bishop of 'Ain 'Aidan (?), de- livered in his church dedicated to S. Michael on his feast-day, the twelfth of Kayahk,
It is the story of the conversion of a wealthy pagan named v-5^b, who was in- duced, by his Christian servant Yuhanna, to buy a book on S. Michael, in the belief that he would through it obtain immortal life.
VIII. Foil. 119 — 245. Life of S. Shenudeh, by his disciple Wisa, for his commemoration on the seventh of the month Ebib, (_-»
Beg.
E 2
28
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
The life agrees substantially with the text published, with a French translation, by B. Amelineau in the 4th tome of the Me"moires de la Mission Archeologique au Caire, pp. 289 — 487 ; but it presents con- siderable verbal variations. For the history of Shenudeh, see also Revillout, Revue de 1'Histoire des Religions, tome viii., nos. 4 and 5. For another copy of Visa's work, see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 670«.
The MS. was made a Wakf to the Pa- triarchal Cell, A. Martt. 1531 (A.D. 1815). See fol. 32.
40.
Or. 3599.— Foil. 207; 6 in. by 4; 14 lines, 2^ in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi, apparently in the 17th century.
I. Foil. 3 — 44. Religious instructions re- lating to Baptism, the Eucharist, and more especially to the Confession, in the form of questions by the disciple Jo^J^, and answers by the teacher Jj«-»!\ ; imperfect at the beginning.
It is divided into nine Mas'alah ; the first heading extant, f. 96, is that of the third Mas'alah, which begins as follows :
JjUJ J j^.liM j» U ^U* b J
II. Fol. 48. History of the transfer of the kingdom of David, from his son Solomon, to Abyssinia, ijJj ^ ^jjb
fcjl
C -u J ^ ' I*""**'
Translated by E. Amelineau, Contes et
Romans de 1'Egypte Chretienne, tome i., pp. 144 — 164.
III. Fol. 63ft. Life of Armenius, his wife, and his children, and his death, on the 2nd of
the month Beshens, «J^?
> by Jusamat,
Bishop of Tarsus.
Beg. v_aa-»\
oo
.J
Translated by Amelineau, ib., pp. 165 — 189. A copy is noticed by Uri, no. 103, art. 2.
IV. Foil. 81&— 105, 116—125, 106—115. History of the captivity of the Israelites in Babylon of Chaldea in the days of Jeremiah,
c«v>-
Translated by the same, ib., tome ii., pp. 97— 151.
V. Fol. 126a. Life of Anba Marcos, the hermit of mount Tirmak, and how Serapion came to him at the time of his death and buried him, ^J
The same life is noticed in the Paris Cata- logue, no. 256, art. 13, and no. 260. It has been translated by Amelineau, ib., tome ii., pp. 55 — 73.
VI. Fol. 189a. Discourse of John Chry- sostom on penitence, fear of God,
JUo Uj^o.
Beg.
VII. Fol. 151a. Discourse of Jacob, Bishop of Saruj, on the warnings of Jonas to the Ninivites, i_i.L>>\ c_;yi^. ^U ^.liSJl «51S _»x«
Beg. &ila
PHILOSOPHY.
Jacob of Saruj died A.D. 521. See Asse- mani Biblioth. Orient., torn, i., p. 283, and Mai. Collectio Nova, torn, iv., no. 73, where twenty-three of his homilies are mentioned.
VIII. Fol. 1686. A homily on the testi- mony born by Scripture to Jesus, without author's name.
Beg. Ijui^l WU Jt 41) Jyf jz yyji
It is by John Chrysostom. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 361a, no. 20.
IX. Fol. 173o, The vision of S. Theodosius, Bishop of Gangra.
Beg.
Translated by Amelineau, ib., tome ii., pp. 152—166.
X. Fol. 181. A chapter on the points of disagreement between the Copts and the Melchites, extracted from a work entitled al- Ibtihaj fi Sharh al-Minhaj.
Although bearing the same title as al- Subki's commentary upon the Minhaj al- Talibin (Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 204), the present work is totally different. It is written by a Christian Copt in defence of the Jacobite doctrine against the Melchites.
XI. Fol. 192a. History of a hermit, and of the priest who visited him,
Beg.
Translated by Amelineau, ib., tome ii., pp. 74—80.
XII. Fol. 197a— 206. The martyrdom of Arianus, governor of Ansana, by S. Ammo- nius, ^ .
Translated by the same, ib., pp. 81 — 96. A table of contents occupies two pages at the beginning of the MS.
PHILOSOPHY.
41.
Or. 4243.— Foil. 252 ; 8f in. by 6J- ; from 20 to 23 lines, 4 in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi, dated Mossul, 15 Nisiin, A.D. 1841.
[BUDGE.]
I. Foil. 3 — 81. A treatise on Metaphysics by al-Khuri Butrus al-TQlani, Economos of the Maronites in Halab, published A.D. 1703,
Beg.
* ™S
It is divided into ten main sections subdivided into Fasls, a full table of which occupies 3 pages at the beginning. Their headings are :
Fol. 56. *£y^>j ^\ ^ yUj j 1-
Fol. 8a. i*p.ljJj jiWl *fj$ j 2.
Fol. 11 a. J-1j» j 3.
Fol. 176. jb*& j 4.
Fol. 246. J^j jU J 5.
Fol. 3 la. h*j>-^ ***y j G-
Fol. 37a. -ilU»\ o^\ j 7.
Fol. 516. **°f& 05l_jEJ^ j 8.
Fol. 676. JUi^ Jiyrjn j 9.
Fol. 706.
10-
30
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
II. Fol. 82 — 252. A compendium of uni- versal theology, written in Latin, by Thomas Descharmes, a Capucine monk of Lorrain, and printed in Venice A.D. 1818 ; translated into Arabic by Ignatius Butrus Jarwah al- Antaki al-Halabi, Patriarch of the Syrians, in Rome, A.D. 1826.
_!£•
J u
The translator's preface begins : i\
Sls^SI
J\
The original work consists of two parts, treating respectively of speculative and practical theology. The first of these, sub- divided into six discourses iS'Jix>, is alone con- tained in the MS. A full table of chapters follows the preface. Querard mentions a later edition of the original : Compendium theologiae universae ad usum examinan- dorum, Argentorati, 1819.
Copyist : u<
42.
Or. 4247.— Foil. Ill ; 8£ in. by 6 ; 21 lines, 3^ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi ; dated Thursday, 23 Asbat, A.D. 1833. [BUDGE.]
A treatise on Metaphysics, with the heading ^5^ Ji*n ^J *A5\ L-AJlO, without author's name.
The preface begins : \#\
U "s
e
& ^.
It is another copy of the Metaphysics of al-Khuri Butrus al-Tulani described under no. 41, art. 1.
Copyist :
Foil. 106 — 111, written by another hand, contain another transcript of a portion of the work corresponding with foil. 9 — 15 of the MS.
43.
Or. 4246.— Foil. 248 ; 8f in. by 6J ; 20 and 21 lines, 4 in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi; dated Mossul, 12 Kanun I., A.D. 1842.
[BUDGE.]
I. Foil. 1 — 112. A treatise on Logic, being the first volume of the " Institutiones Phiio- sophicae ad Studia theologica potissimum accommodatae," by Francois Jacquier, a Minovite monk, Professor of the Propaganda, translated A.D. 1766 by Antonius Sabbagh, priest of the Melchite Church of Halab, from the edition printed in Rome A.D. 1750,
Ivll
Contents : The translator's preface, f. 15 ; the author's preface, f . 26 ; table of contents, f . 66 ; introduction, f . 8a ; Juz I.j_yolMj *$iM ^s
f . 22& ; Juz. II. j> j-ad\ J, f. 57« ; Juz. III. c^l J'&o!J\ J, f. 73a ; Juz IV. ^ J, f. 102a. The contents agree with the first volume of the Venice edition of 1764.
Copyist : Uk
PHILOSOPHY.
31
II. Foil. 113—248. A treatise on Logic, composed A.D. 1706, by Khuri Butrus B. Butrus B. Ishak al-Tulani, Economos of the Maronites in Halab.
i_a)l U« i
JkflJ\5 JxilflJI
Beg.
It is divided into eighteen questions subdivided into Fasls. The headings are as follows : 1. (ji^i-*^ ?y°y* (_/» f- 116 ; 2. JufeU ^ jW, f. 1026; 3. O^JI J, f. 1286; 4. J OU^N, f. 140a ; 5. (J^ J, f. 1446 ; 6. J g^jJI, f. 150a ; 7. J-AflJt J, f. 154a ; 8. J
j^lj l*\£\ f . 1566 ; 9. *jiij Jift J, f . 1606 ; i/~\ • ~ \\ t \\ ' t-' i i * . > / 11
" \\ f 1 *7C\n . 1O v«\ \\ \ "M • £ 1 *"71 Z.
pyOj+>\, i. LiVa , <L£. <tfljj»J\ uuij^«aj.j\ j, r. l/lo ; 13. ^.Ull-b jLco UAJ, f. 178a ; 14. J^S)\ (_^, f. 1876 ; 15. L5kjl o^\ J, f. 192a ; 16. ^UEJI J, f. 202a ; 17. ^
«, f. 215a ; 18. ^j^ J> f- 228fl-
Copyist : Jb ^ 11
44.
Or. 4244.— Foil. 66 ; 8 in. by 5f ; 15 lines, 3£ in. long ; written in large Neskhi, ap- parently in the 18th century, except the last two leaves, which are dated Rajab, A.H. 1277 (A.D. 1861). [BUDGE.]
An introduction to logic by al-Khuri Butrus, Economos of the Maronites, ^\&
JL* J^lfll
It is divided into three Kisms, viz. 1. o* , f. 26 ; 2. ji^a^ J, fol. 136 ; and 3, ijr/aN JULli^ (J, f. 316, each of which is sub- divided into numerous Bfibs.
45.
Or. 3710.— Foil. 61 ; 8J in. by 6 ; 15 lines, 4J in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, in the 19th century. [BuDGE.]
Another copy of the same work.
It wants the latter part, corresponding with the last two folios of the preceding MS.
46.
Or. 4242.— Foil. 274 ; 7$ in. by 5£ ; from 17 to 19 lines, 3f in. long ; written in an un- gainly European looking character, A.D. 1814, and, in part, illegible from the running of a corrosive ink. [BUDGE]
I. Foil. 1—161.
A treatise on Logic by Joachim, a Basilian monk,
Beg.
The author wrote it for the use of pupils whom he found, on his arrival at Halab, A.D. 1754, desirous of studying philosophy. It is divided into a Mukaddimah, treating of philosophy and three Kisms, as follows :
32
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
I. Fol. 12a, j^-5b iSU^ jy»$\ (J, in three Makalahs ; II. Fol. 416, ,XU ^ jiJ-oU\ J y, in two Makjilahs ; III. Fol. 546,
in twenty Makalahs.
II. Foil. 162—272. J USJ\ ^.a)! 3,1*. &jJiku!\ ^yiSl A manual of logic for be- ginners, by the priest Sam'an Sabbagh al- Rurni al-'Akki, a pupil of the Propaganda,
III. Fol. 14a. Al-Tabsirah, a Coptic gram- mar by al-'Alam Ibn Katib Kaisar, &«
Beg. jlai
It is divided into an introduction and three Kisms, viz. ]. jyo-'^ ub3j!\jy£it\ (j, in nine sections termed &>-La?.\ ; 2. blaSN ^y, in nine sections ; 3. (j&\ J'iiJ^\ i, in five sections.
COPTIC GRAMMARS AND VOCABULARIES.
47.
Or. 1325.— Foil. 270; 8^ in. by 6| ; about 23 lines, written mostly in two columns, dated "Wednesday, 26 Ebib, A. Martyrum 1519 (A.D. 1803). [SiE CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
A collection of Coptic grammars and vocabularies explained in Arabic, containing :
I. Fol. Ba. Introduction to the Coptic alphabet and numerals, without title or author's name. See the same in Add. 24,050, art. 1, Arabic Catalogue, p. 6706.
II. Fol. 9a. The Mukaddiraah, or intro- duction to Coptic grammar, by Shaikh al- As'ad Abu'l-Faraj Ibn al-'Assiil,
See Add. 24,050, art. 2, and Uri, p. 325, no. 44.
See Add. 24,050, art. 3, and Uri, ib.
IV. Fol. 205. Al-Kifayah, a Coptic gram- mar by al-Wajih al-Kalyubi, (_rJ^JiiO\ s^>-^\ i«ji« 5r.A5L)b "ti^\. See Add. 24,050, art. 4. At the end is written : L,»>\ i*jJiJ\
V. Fol. 27a. An introduction to the Sul- lam, or Coptic vocabulary, by al-Samanudi 4^li_jJ^Jl u-J.J>ii^ anliJ (JO^ JuJ) A*^. See Add. 24,050, art. 5, and Uri, p. 326, no. 47.
VI. Fol. B6a. Introduction to Coptic grammar by al-Tuka Ibn al-Dahiri, (_£\ &*M.\\ ^j^^\ ^ *\s£^ £iM \&*j. See Add. 24,050, art. 6.
VII. Fol. 54a. A Coptic vocabulary with a grammatical introduction, by Abu Shakir B. al-Rfmib Abi'l-Karam Batras B. al-Mu- haddib. See Add. 24,050, art. 6.
Beg. Jx!b r*XJ\ &^:*j JS
b'ls J\
The author describes himself as a deacon of the Church of the Virgin Mary, al-Mu'al- lakah, in Cairo, L~ i>£> S
He quotes among his authorities three previous Sullams or vocabularies, namely, those of the Bishop of Samanud, of the Bishop of Sakha, and of Ibn Rijal, J-*» J^
and states that he finished his work A. Martyrum 980 (A.D. 1264).
The grammatical introduction extends to f. 896. Then comes, f. 90a, the vocabulary
POETRY.
termed al-Sullam al-Kablr, and beginning :
j,~
Theological works -written by the same author, A. Martt. 987, are noticed by Asse- mani, Mai's Collectio Nova, torn, iv., nos. 116, 117.
VIII. Fol. 144o. J^,\ u-fciJI, J&Jb
A Coptic vocabulary by al-Mu'taman Abu
Ishak B. Fakhr al-Daulah Abi'1-Fadl Ibn
al-'Assal,
author of the theological work entitled Majmu' Usiil al-Dln (Arabic Catalogue, p. 758a; Paris Catalogue, no. 200; and Stein- schneider, Polemische Literatur, p. 86).
The vocabulary was transcribed, as stated •at the end, from a copy dated A. Martyrum 1034 (A.D. 1318). A copy is noticed by Uri, p. 326, no. 45.
IX. Fol. 1966. A vocabulary of the Gos- pels, Epistles, and Offices of the Church,
, without author's name.
The copyist, the Priest Mma, •dedicates this volume, after his death, to the •Convent of S. Anthony, in the Desert of al-'Arabah.
Foil. 268 — 270 contain a Coptic hymn, with the heading : ^ JlaJ
POETRY.
48.
Or. 2632.— Foil. 118 ; 8iin.by5f; 22 lines, about 3 1 in. long; written in fair Neskhi; dated end of Ailul, A.D. 1804.
The Diwan of Jabra'il al-Lubnani, the
Maronite monk, beginning ; J\»
33
iij.i
re
Uil
The contents are the same as in Add. 9968, described in the Arabic Catalogue, p. 506 > but the preface, in which the author gives to the Diwan the title of 1/S$\ is wanting.
The author, better known as Jabra'il Ibn Farhat, died as Maronite bishop in Halab, A.D. 1738. See Fliigel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. i., p. 487. For other copies see Asse- mani, Mai's Nova Collectio, torn, iv., no. 192 ; Aumer, no. 538 ; Biblioth. Burchardt., p. 31, no. 32 ; the Petersburg Catalogue, no. 4 ; and Pertsch, no. 2341.
Copyist : J
49.
Or. 3627.— Foil. 131; lOJin.byei; 21 lines, 3^ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi ; dated Halab, in the month of Ayar (May), A.D. 1764.
[G. C. RENOQAED.-J
The Diwan of Nicolaus Sa'igh, Superior of the Basilian Monks in the Convent of St. John, Shuwair, in the Druzes country, ar- ranged in alphabetical order.
Beg.
The first piece is a long poem in praise of the Church of Rome, beginning :
34
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
Most of the poems have headings, giving the dates of composition. The dates range from A.D. 1703 (fol. 21a), to A.D. 1749 (fol. 566).
Copyist: y
For other copies see Aumer, no. 537 ; the
Bibliotheca Burckhardt., p. 31, no. 31; and Pertsch, no. 2335. The collected works of the author, including a Diwan with another beginning, are noticed in the Vienna Cata- logue, vol. i., p. 488. The present MS. is entered in the Catalogue of Dr. John Lee, no. 115.
SAMARITAN MSS.
50.
Or. 2688.— Foil. 218 ; 9f in. by 7 ; 19 lines, 4^ in. long; written in fine bold Neskhi, with occasional vowels ; dated Friday, 23 Ju- mada II., A.H. 724 (A.D. 1324).
The Arabic version of the Samaritan Pentateuch. It is divided into short sections, headed with the initial words of the Hebrew text in the Samaritan character.
It wants the first two leaves, and begins with chapter ii. of Genesis, v. 15 — 17, as follows : +M!\ yjUa- jj tj»\j »&\
The remaining books begin respectively as follows : Fol. 556. Exodus, s^y)) ^ (Ji\d\JiJ\ jA*> ^ ~jjiz jfl«> _jfej ; Fol. 1016, Leviticus, jU=-5l\ jfl*» _jfc_j *^y^ ,<« cJU3^°».)\ ; Fol. 1326. Numbers, without heading, beginning :
Fol. 179&.
UJ-l«»^\^a-> y>j »^j^^ ^ u-*^-
The last book wants a few lines at the end ; it breaks off at the eighth verse of chapter xxxiv.
At the end of Exodus is the following colophon;
At the end of Leviticus is a note relating to the purchase of the MS. by Yfisuf B. Rashid, A.H. 907, for 156 silver dirhems.
The present MS., and the five following, were purchased for the Museum from Shaikh Ya'kub al-Shalabi, of Nablus.
A MS. of the1 same version is described by Nicoll, Bodleian Catalogue, p. 1, where other copies and printed extracts are mentioned.
51.
Or. 1446.— Foil. 187; 12 Jin. by 8£; 17 lines, 5^ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi ; dated Wednesday, 29 RabI' I., A.H. 909(A.D. 1503).
SAMARITAN MSS.
Another copy of the same translation.
The first leaf is lost. The MS. begins with verses 14 — 19 of the first chapter of Genesis as follows : ^ii-Jj A$j C-AS,*^ ob.^1
U-J1
The other books begin respectively at foil. 48a, 87a, 1116, and 145a.
At the end of Numbers is found the fol- lowing colophon : JU3 aJl
Foil. 148 — 177 are written in a larger and probably early character, while foil. 178 — 187 have been supplied by a later hand.
52.
Or. 1450.— Foil. 451 ; 6 in. by 4 ; about 28 lines in a page ; written in a fair small Neskhi ; dated Monday, 24 Jumada I., A.H. 1173 (A.D. 1759).
The Pentateuch, in Hebrew and Arabic, written in two columns, the Hebrew text in the Samaritan character on the right, and the Arabic translation on the left.
The latter begins as follows : V. [sic]
The other books begin as follows : Exodus, fol. 119 ; Leviticus, fol. 230 ; Numbers, fol. 293 ; Deuteronomy, fol. 379.
The MS. was written by Ghazal B. Abi'l- Surur al-Matari, whose name appears at the end of Leviticus and of Numbers. The colophon is :
On the last folio is a notice written by Salamah B. Ya'kub B. Marjan B. Ibrahim al-Dafani, in Shawwal A.H. 1174. He states that the scribe, his cousin, Shaikh Ghazul B. al-Shajkh Surur al-Matari al-Ghazzi, having died in Eajab A.H. 1173, his son, Shaikh Surur, sent the book by way of Yafa to the writer, who bound it with his own hands, and placed it, according to Shaikh Ghazal's last will, by the side of the holy book, to be read on Sabbaths and feast-days.
Ghazal B. Abi'l-Surur al-Ghazzi is the author of a commentary on the Pentateuch noticed in the Arabic Catalogue, p. 517A, and in the Zeitschrift d. D. Morg. Ges., Band 22, p. 538.
53.
Or. 2080.— Foil. 93 ; 8$ in. by 6 ; 18 lines, 4 in. long ; written in cursive and rather indistinct Neskhi ; dated Tuesday, 10 Mu- harram, A.H. 1276 (A.D. 1859).
The Samaritan Chronicle, by Abu'1-Fath B. Abi'l-Hasan al-Samiri al-Danafi.
Beg.
JUS <M Jl j&& J
The work was compiled, as stated in the preface, A.H. 756, for the High Priest Finhas. It extends from Adam to the time of Harun al-Rashid.
F 2
36
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE.
The text agrees substantially with the printed edition published by Eduard Viltnar, Gotha, 1865, but is in part fuller, especially towards the end, where the account of the Umayyades is more detailed. Many proper names and passages are written in the Samaritan character.
Scribe :'
For other MSS., see Vilmar's Prolegomena ; Nicoll, p. 4, no. vii., art. 2 ; and Zotenberg, Catalogue des MSS. Hebreux, Fonds Sama- ritain, no. 10. The principal source of Abul- Fath, the Tolideh, has been published in Hebrew, with a French translation by Ad. Neubauer, Journal Asiatique, 69 serie, tome 14, pp. 386—470.
54.
Or. 1447.— Foil. 89 ; 8$ in. by 6 ; 20 lines, 4 in. long ; written in cursive Neskhi ; dated 20 Jumada, A.H. 1285 (A.D. 1868).
Another copy of the chronicle of Abu'l- Fath, in substantial agreement with the preceding :
Copyist :
55.
Or. 2691.— Foil. 43; 7f in. by 5£ ; from 15 to 20 lines ; written in cursive Neskhi, about A.H. 1201 (A.D. 1787).
A collection of dogmatical treatises in verse and in prose, in exposition and defence of the Samaritan creed, by Ibrahim al-'Ayya al-Samiri B. Ya'kub al-Danafi al-Marjani, to which is prefixed this title :
This is apparently the author's autograph. 3is full name appears in the colophon, fol. 27a, as follows : C^U\ \li\ ^^ ****\ ;J\ ijLJi^ i_J^a*>. u)\, and in the latter aortion of the MS., which is by a later hand, 16 is designated, fol. 32&, as
The contents are as follows :
I. Foil. 1 — 8. A versified treatise in defence of the Samaritan belief as to God's unity against philosophers.
Beg. yjLxJI jU J*
The gist of the tract is found in these lines, fol. 5 :
and the date of composition, A.H. 1199, is conveyed by a chronogram in the last verse.
The verses rhyme, but do not scan by any known metre.
II. Foil. 9 — 11. Another versified tract, in defence of the Samaritan creed, protesting against the alleged worship of the golden calf.
Beg.
J-s-
The date of composition, A.H. 1196, and the author's name, are found in the last line :
The author adds, in the colophon, that he was then sixty-seven years of age.
MOHAMMEDAN LITERATURE.
37
III. Foil. 116 — 16. Another versified tract on the same subject :
Beg.
The date of composition, expressed by a chronogram at the end, is A.H. 1198.
IV. Foil. 166 — 29. A treatise on resur- rection and the day of judgment, consisting of texts from the Pentateuch, accompanied by the author's comments.
It is thus described by the author :
It is written in two columns, one on the right containing the scriptural texts in Arabic, the other, the author's comments. On the first two pages, the original text has been added by a later hand in the Samaritan
character. The tract was completed, as stated at the end, on Sunday, 13 Rabi* L, A.H. 1199.
V. Foil. 29&-30. An account of the plague which raged at Nablus A.H. 1201, imperfect at the end.
VI. Foil. 32—37. Canticles and hymns by the same Ibrahim al-'Ayya, >-j
*A\ yJ
Beg.
This section was written, A.H. 1292, by Amm, son of Ya'kub, son of Chalabi al- Danafi,
The remaining folios contain some verses by the same Amln, and by his brother Chelebi,
fV JT
MOHAMMEDAN LITERATURE.
THE GORAN.
56.
Or. 2165.— Foil. 121 ; 12£ in. by 8£ ; 24 lines, 7-^ in. long ; written in Kufi, on stout vellum, probably in the 8th century.
A considerable portion of the Koran, about two-thirds of the whole, consisting of three series of consecutive leaves as follows :
Foil. 1 — 14, beginning, jj *fc Sili; ending,
A\ Jolia-.)\. (Surah vii., v Surah ix., v. 96).
Foil. 15 — 113, beginning, OU» £j fj^\ ; ending, ^^-^ !yyo. ^ U, ttt\ ^ (Surah x., v. 9 — Surah xxxix., v. 48).
Foil. 114—121, beginning, \jJJ «UI ii ; ending, ^ >_**&
40—
^jjii- l^jj. (Surah xl., v. 63 — Surah v. 71).
xliii.,
38
MOHAMMEDAN LITERATURE.
There are, apparently, two leaves wanting between the first fragment and the second, and three between the second and the third.
The character is thick, bold, and very un- like the stiff and conventional Kufi of most early Gorans, being written with a free hand, and, as it were, currente calamo. The dia- critical marks are very sparely used ; they have the shape of short horizontal lines, which for o and <^> are placed vertically, one above the other, and for (__£ in one horizontal row.
Two vertical rows of three such lines in close juxtaposition are used to divide the verses. The ' hastae ' are so tall as to reach, and even to cross the upper line. They have, for the most part, a slight leaning to the right. The final ,. and _ have no down- ward stroke, while j, which never appears dotted, is distinguished, when final, by a long hook-like appendage. The final ^ is turned backwards, and frequently lengthened into a straight sweep, underlining the pre- ceding words.
A notable feature of the spelling is the systematic absence of the Alif of prolonga- tion. We find, for instance, O^ll for c^j-Oll, Jj' for J\S, *jo,ij for sUoMi, etc. There is no trace of vowel-points, or of any orthographical sign.
The Surahs were originally without titles, their beginning being only marked by a wider space between the lines. Titles have been subsequently added in a smaller Kufi character, apparently of the 9th century, and in red ink.
A facsimile of fol. 77a, and a detailed statement of the peculiarities of the writing, will be found in the Oriental Series of the Palseographical Society, pi. lix.
57.
Or. 1396.— Foil. 7 ; 111 in. jn height by 15 in width ; 7 lines, 9-| in. long ; written on vellum, in large and thick Kufi, with vowels.
[SiR WM. OUSELEY.]
A fragment of the Goran, containing verses 4 — 19 of Surah xxxiii.
There are, on an average, no more than a dozen letters in each line. The first page contains only the following :
There are no diacritical points whatever ; but vowels are frequently added in the shape of large round dots in red ink. Double dots express Tanwin.
Similar dots, of green colour, are used occasionally for the hamzah, to express the diphthong as in 'i^, and for the optional Dammah in the last syllable of edc. The Alif of prolongation is left out in £>f-\i,
*>-jj\, ,»»^, v^> (•$£->&*» (a^f^ I an(l some other words, but it occurs in a few cases.
The final Mims have a very short horizontal tail. The detached Alif s end in a long curve stretching to the right, and ending in a point. The final Nuns are brought down in a long vertical line, ending with a sharp and short turn to the left.
The verses are not divided, but there are gilt dots at the end of verses 5 and 15, and a larger illuminated circle at the end of verse 10.
This, and the next following Kufi fragments, are noticed in Sir Wm. Ouseley's Catalogue of MS. works, nos. 596—601.
58.
Or. 1397.— Foil. 37 ; 8£ in. high by 12 in width. [SiE WM. OUSELEY.]
GORAN.
39
I. Foil. 1—32; 11 lines, 9 in. long; written in a neat Kufi character, on vellum, probably in the 10th century.
Detached leaves containing the following portions of the Goran : vii. 1 — 15, 28 — 33, 103—116, 132—138; xvi. 27—34, 78—83; xx. 108—130 ; xxvi. 10—43, 126—146, 165—205; xxviii. 8—15, 45—51; xxix. 17 — 25 ; xxxi. 20 — 34 ; xxxii. 15 — xxxiii. 1 ; xxxiii. 6—13; xl. 69—77; xlii. 24—32; liii. 33— liv. 5 ; Ix. 1—4 ; Ixxvii. 31- Ixxviii. 7; Ixxxii. 8 — Ixxxiii. 12 ; Ixxxiii. 34 — Ixxxiv. 21; cii. 4 — civ. 9.
The text is fully supplied with diacritical points in the shape of thin oblique lines, and with vowels marked by red dots. Green dots stand for the Hamzah. The verses are divided by three gold dots, forming a tri- angle. The end of every fifth verse is marked by a golden t ; that of every tenth verse, by a golden circle enclosing the number of preceding verses. The titles of the Surahs are written in gold, within orna- mental borders. The first page, and fol. 33a, are filled with elaborate geometrical patterns in gold and colours.
II. Foil. 34—37 ; 13 lines, IQi in. long ; written in Kufi, on vellum, probably in the 9th century.
Four detached leaves of a similar Goran, containing : xiv. 23 — 30 ; xv. 33 — 52 ; xvi. 34—41, and 71—78.
There are very few diacritical lines, but the vowels are all marked by red dots, and the Hamzah by two dots of the same colour. Some letters, like >, Lf0, td), are stretched out to an inordinate length, so that a single word like cJJ J/, fills more than half the line.
59.
Or. 1398.— Foil. 19; consisting of two Kufi fragments, on vellum, of slightly different sizes. [SiE WM. OTTSELEY.]
with
I. Foil. 1—10; 7} in. high by lOiu width; 7 lines, 7f in. long; of the 9th or 10th
century.
It contains Surah, v. 1 — 15, beginning &j>. U jTrf «i)\ o\ pj*, and ending with |»LJTj . It has hardly any diacritical lines, but nearly all the vowels are marked by red dots. A green dot is used for Jazm, and a double red dot for Hamzah. The letters is, ^x» and <JLl, have an excessive length ; so that the first five letters of Ijjls^'j [\jjM**\i] fill an entire line. The Alifs of prolongation are mpstly absent. The verses are divided by gilt roses, and there is at the end of verse 12, a more elaborate circular ornament, with the word^^fr in gold.
II. Foil. 11—19 ; 6} in. high by 9J in width ; 7 lines, 7 in. long ; similar to the preceding, and written about the same time.
It contains Surah xxxiv. 21-22, 24 — 47. It has all the diacritical lines, but apparently by a later hand, and red dots for vowels. A green dot is used for the optional Dammah on the i of •$$&, and also for Imalah in *V.
60.
Or. 1399. — Foil. 41 ; various vellum frag- ments of Kufi Gorans of different sizes.
[SiE WM. OUSELET.]
I. Foil. 1—14; 5f in. high by 8f in width; 15 lines, 6f in. long; "written in small and neat Kufi, and containing : Surah xxxix. 32—42; xl. 5— 25, 33— 53; xliv. 47— xlv. 7; xlvi. 16— xlvii. 34; xlviii. 14 — 27. It has hardly any diacritical lines, but is largely supplied with red dots for vowels. Green dots are used for Tashdid in jjLe, and for Imalah in *l>-, and two red dots for Hamzah. The titles of the Surahs are written in gold.
40
MOHAMMEDAN LITERATURE.
and there are marks of a division of the Goran into seventh parts, *+ Jt and *^J\ uJ^oJ, also in gold in the margin.
II. Foil. 15—20; 5 in. by 8; 8 lines, 6 in. long ; written in a neat thick Ku6, with vowels, and very few diacritical lines, containing : Surah xiii. 17 — 29 ; xiv. 48 —xv. 9. There is a title of Surah in gold, with a marginal ornament, fol. 196.
III. Foil. 21—41 ; 5 in. by 7 ; 5 lines, 5| in. long ; written in fair Kufi, without diacritical lines, and with but few vowels, containing : Surah ix. 10 — '•IS, 20 — 58.
Hamzah is expressed by a green dot. Verses are divided by gilt roses, and at the end of every tenth verse is an ornamental circle, with the number of the preceding verses written inside with gold.
61.
Or. 1400.— Poll. 37 ; 3f in. high, 6 in. wide ;
15 lines, 4f in. long ; written on vellum in a
small and neat Kufi. [SiR WM. OUSELEY.]
Fragments of the Coran, containing :
Surah xii. 17—27, 38—49, 63—87 ; xiii. 9—
18 ; xviii. 28—53 ; xix. 12—91 ; xxi. 18—
49, 71—112 ; xxii. 1—41, 52—78 ; xxiii. 23
-40; xxiv. 4—14, 28—34, 53—60; xxv.
55—69 ; xxvi. 40— xxvii. 70.
The text has but few vowels, marked by red dots, and no diacritical marks, except such as have been added by a later hand in the shape of the modern black points. A blue dot is used for Hamzah.
The verses are divided by gold roses, and the end of every tenth verse is marked by an ornamented circle. The following titles :
^ J-*JJV, fol. 33a, are written in gold, with a marginal ornament. On the margin of fol. 19« is written, also in gold,
62.
Or. 1562.— Foil. 44 ; 5£ in. high by 7f in width ; 10 lines, 6 in. long ; written in fair thick Kufi, on vellum, probably in the 9th century. Bound in Persian stamped leather covers. [SiR H. RAWLINSON.]
Detached leaves of a Kufi Coran, contain- ing : Surah iii. 5—94, 139—200, and Surah iv. 1—21, 44—46.
There are very few diacritical marks in the shape of thin slanting lines, but a fair supply of red dots for vowels. A green dot is used for Hamzah. The letters s, (jo and ^, are drawn to considerable length. The end of every tenth verse is marked by a circular ornament in gold and colour. The following title, also in gold, is found fol. 355,
Fol. 43a contains the 73rd verse of Surah xviii., written in five lines, in a much larger Kufi, with borders in gold design at top and bottom. Three pages at beginning and end, foil. 16, 43&, 44a, are occupied by geometrical and flowery designs in gold and colours.
On the first page is written : " Very fine specimen of Cufic writing, verses from the Koran and prayers, said to be in the hand- writing of Imam Zein el Abidein. Bought at Isfahan for six Tomans, November 10th, 1836.— H. C. RAWLINSON."
63.
Or. 3326.— Foil. 285; 10iin.by7J; 18 lines, 5f in. long ; written on paper in a thick and bold character, intermediate between Kufi and Neskhi, probably in the llth century.
[H. A. STERN.] The Coran. Defects of the original MS. have been
GORAN.
41
supplied at beginning and end by later hands. The old writing extends from fol. 5 to fol. 281. It begins with : y»ilj CJDJ ^ (Surah ii. 63), and ends with : J J\AJ>. (Surah Ixxxiii. 17). But there is, after fol. 127, a lacuna extending from Surah xv. 76 to Surah xvi. 118.
The writing presents a curious mixture of Kufi and Neskhi features. The vowels, which are all given, are noted, as in Kufi, by red dots, while the diacritical marks, added to all pointed letters, inclusive of «, appear as black dots, as in the Neskhi, with the only difference that the three dots of <_£ form a horizontal line. They are apparently of the same ink as the text. Tashdid, Maddah, and Hamzah,areof a faint green, and have also the shapes usual in Neskhi. A red line, slanting from left to right, expresses the diphthong in such words as <-Ju^, j*s-, *y. Sometimes it assumes the shape of a v. A red mark, in the shape a small a, occasionally stands for Jazm.
The end of every tenth verse is marked by a circle enclosing a kind of cross, rudely drawn and coloured. Headings in an angular Kufi and yellow colour, give the names of the Surahs and the number of verses in each, the latter being generally less than in Fliigel's edition.
The Sub', or, seventh parts and their halves, as well as the Sijdahs, are marked in the same character and colour in the margin.
Fragments of Kufi Gorans on paper are noticed by Dorn, Melanges Asiatiques, vol. iv., p. 61 ; by Eosen, Notices Sommaires, nos. 26, 27 ; and by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, nos. 361-2.
64.
Or. 1270.— Foil. 134 ; 7£ in. by 6f ; 27 lines, 4| in. long ; written on vellum, in a minute and neat Maghribi character, with all the
vowels in red, and orthographical signs in blue, about A.D. 1254.
The Goran.
The headings of the Surahs are in a con- ventional Kufi outlined in black and filled in with gold, with tasteful marginal ornaments in gold.
A lower limit for the date of the MS. is given by the following record of the birth of the owner's son on the eve of Saturday, 5 Sha'ban, A.H. 652 (A.D. 1254). It is written, on the last folio, in gold and orna- mental Kufi, within a square border of
»
interlaced gold design :
The word <—*/>•, written within an illumi- nated circle in the margin, marks the end of the short sections so called.
A facsimile of fol. 975 will be found in the Oriental Series of the Pala30graphical Society, pi. Ixi., with a detailed description of the
peculiarities of the text.
65.
Or. 1401.— Foil. 485 ; 20 in. by 15 ; 9 lines, 101 in. long ; written in a very large and elegant Neskhi, with all the vowels and orthographical signs, and richly illuminated, apparently in the 14th century.
The Goran.
The text of this splendid copy is amply provided with vowels and other signs, fixing the proper pronunciation. The vowels, the superadded Alifs of prolongation, and the ^ denoting Idgham are red, the Tashdid and Jazm blue, the Hamzah and the signs of Wakf in gold. A green dot stands for Waslah, and two dots of the same colour denote Imalah.
Q
42
GORAN.
The main division is in four quarters. The beginnings of the second, third and fourth, are marked by brilliant 'Unwans, the two opposite pages being enclosed in a square frame of rich design in gold and colours, while flowery ornaments cover the interlinear spaces. The same was the case with the first quarter; but the second page alone is left. The first page, which contained the Fatihah, is lost. The defect has been sup- plied by a somewhat later hand, with a good imitation of the old writing, fol. 16, but without any ornament. To the same hand is due also fol. 3.
The second quarter begins, fol. 1166, with Surat al-A'raf. An inscription in white on gold, in the illuminated border, designates that point as the end of the first quarter, of the second eighth, and of the third quarter of the second seventh, and as the beginning of the seventh Juz. Similar inscriptions are found at the beginning of the third quarter, fol. 2355, and of the fourth, fol. 3596.
Other divisions are frequently marked in the margins, viz. Hizbs and their quarters, and the tenth parts of the Goran in blue. The Juz and the Sub', or seventh parts, and their subdivisions are indicated, as well as the end of groups of ten verses, by marginal ornaments. Verses are divided by gold roses or interlaced circles, and at the end of every fifth verse is the word u-^- in gold. The titles of the Surahs, including the dis- tinction between the Meccan and Medinese, are written in white on rich borders of gold and colours. The number of words and letters contained in each Surah is written in blue and gold in the margin.
The last three pages, foil. 4846-4856, con- taining the Surahs Tabbat, al-Ikhlas and al- Falak, have rich illuminated borders. Surat al-Nas, which must have faced the third, is wanting.
66.
Or. 1339.— Foil. 48 ; llf in. by 8$ ; 5 lines, 4f in. long ; written in a large and elegant Neskhi, with 'Un wans and gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 14th century.
[SiE CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
Two fragments of a splendid Goran, the writing of which is outlined in black and filled in with gold, the vowels being of a bright blue. They consist of the latter halves of the third and of the twenty-third Juz, as divided in Fliigel's edition. The first, foil, la — 256, extends from the 13th to the 85th verse of Surah iii. The first page contains the following text in three lines, enclosed within a richly illuminated border :
j
lx«T lio\ \jjj wjJyb. The page which faced it, and must have contained the beginning of the verse similarly framed, is lost. In the top and bottom parts of the border is written, in ornamental Kufi : ^j^Jl Aj*\ ^ and
^JL^O t_^ y* ibjjj, which shows that the Goran to which the fragments belonged, was divided into sixty Juz.
The fragment ends with these words : (jej*b\ *J* pk^\ ^ JASU ylj, the last line of the verse being lost.
The second Juz, foil. 266 — 48a, begins : i.,_jxfJI ^j oU-M tiUjM ^jLa-L-lj (Surah xxxvii. 149). There are only three lines in each of the first two opposite pages, enclosed in an illuminated border, partly damaged, in the upper part of which the Juz is designated as the 45th
Some leaves are wanting in the body of the Juz. The contents are : Surah xxxvii. 149—158, 171—179; Surah xxxviii. 4— 25, 28 — 88 ; Surah xxxix. 1 — 17, 20^-22, 25—31.
GORAN.
67.
Or. 2200.— Foil. 369; 2£ in. by 2$, of octagonal shape ; 13 lines, written within a gold-ruled circle, in a minute and neat Neskhi, with all the vowels ; dated Shiraz, the first day of Rajab, A.H. 950 (A.D. 1543). Enclosed between two gilt boards of octagonal shape. [Presented by CLAUDE ERSKINE.]
The Goran.
The first two pages are written on gold ground, and enclosed by a richly illuminated circular border. The verses are divided by gold dots, and the titles of the Surahs are also in gold.
68.
Or. 1405.— Foil. 400 ; 10£ in. by 8 ; 17 lines, 5| in. long ; written in a large and clear Maghribi character, with all the vowels, and profusely illuminated, dated beginning of Ramadan, A.H. 975 (A.D. 1568).
The Goran.
The vowels are marked by horizontal lines in red ink. A yellow dot is used for Hamzah, and a green dot for Waslah. Tashdid and Jazm are also green, the latter a complete circle. The verses are divided by a knot- shaped figure in gold. The margins are covered with tasteful and elaborate orna- ments in gold and colours, with writing indicating a most elaborate division of the Goran into every possible fractional part- halves, thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths, sevenths, eighths, ninths and tenths. There is a further division into sixty Juz, and another into twenty-seven Tajziyahs, the latter being intended for the days of Ramadan, There are also ornaments marking groups of five and ten verses.
The titles of the Surahs are written in a fancifully ornamented Kufi, in gold, with marginal ornaments.
The original writing begins, fol. 13, with: jUJt <->lke. J\ ijkil ^ -&£ tojuii j£ (Surah ii. 120). The twelve preceding folios have been supplied by a modern hand.
The following colophon is written in an elaborate character, white on blue ground, and occupies four successive pages, foil. 397/> — 399«, enclosed within rich borders : c-
Ji.
Maulana Abu Muhammad 'Abd Allah, son of Amir al-Muslimin Abu {Abd Allah Mu- hammad al-Shaikh al-Sharlf, for whom this Goran was written, was the second prince of the Sharifi dynasty of Morocco. He reigned from A.D. 1556 or 1557 to 1574 (A.H. 9(i4 — 982). See G-raberg de Hemso, Specchio Geografico, p. 262, and Leon Godard, Des- cription et histoire du Maroc, 2° Partie, p. 469.
The last two pages, foil. 3996, 400a, are occupied by rich geometrical designs in gold and colours.
69.
Or. 1209.— Foil. 346 ; 6^ in. by 4£ ; 13 lines,
2| in. long ; written on gold-sprinkled paper
in a small and elegant Neskhi, with all the
G 2
44
CORAN.
vowels, with broad illuminated borders en- closing the first two pages, and gold-ruled margins; dated Safar, A.H. 1009 (A.D. 1600).
[ALEXANDHE JABA.] The Goran.
The verses are separated by gilt circles. The divisions called Juz and Hizb, and groups of ten verses, are marked with red ink in the margins.
At the end, foil. 3446 — 346o, is a Persian Mesnevi, beginning: Ul>.^i-J\iljj.li^ti)y>j\ «£ jb, containing directions for Fal, or the mode of drawing omens from the Goran, with a separate 'Unwan.
70.
Or. 4101.— Foil. 174 ; 4fin. by2f; 21 lines, If in. long ; written in neat vocalized Neskhi, with gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 16th century. [BUDGE.]
The Goran complete. Some leaves at beginning and end have been supplied by a later hand.
71.
Or. 1089.— Foil. 382 ; 9| in. by 6£ ; 9 lines, 3f in. long ; written in fair large fully vocalized Neskhi, with red-ruled margins, probably in the 36th century.
[Bequeathed by JOHN NOBLE COLEMAN.]
The latter half of the Goran, beginning with Surat Marvam.
f
72.
Or. 1340.— Foil. 539 ; 10£in.by6i; 10 lines, 3f in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, with all vowels, with 'Unwans, illuminated headings, and gilt margins, apparently in the 16th century. [Sm CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Goran, with an interlinear Persian
version. See the Persian Catalogue, p. 7a. In the titles the distinction between Mecca and Medina Surahs is observed.
73.
STOWE, Or. 1.— Foil. 318; 5f in. by 3f ; 15 lines, 2 in. long; written in a small and neat Turkish Neskhi, with all the vowels, with double-page 'Unwan and gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 17th century. Bound in gilt and stamped leather covers.
The Goran.
The verses are divided by gold dots. The Juz, Hizbs, and Sijdahs, are marked with red ink in the margins. The titles distin- guish the Mecca and Medina Surahs.
On the first page is written : " Ex libris Rev.mi Dom. Card. Nigroni." Joannes Fran- ciscus Nigronus, whose seal is impressed on the same page, was attached to the Propa- ganda. He was created Cardinal in 1686, and died in 1713. See Guarnacci, Vitae et res gestae Pontificum, Romae, 1751, p. 282.
74.
Or. 1341.— Foil. 280 ; 9} in. by6£; 14 lines, 3^ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, with all the vowels, and with a double-page 'Unwan and gilt margins, apparently about the close of the 17th century. Bound in stamped and gilt leather covers.
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Coran ,with an interlinear Persian version, and marginal notes also Persian. See the Persian Catalogue, p. 8a. Foil. 27 7a — 280« contain prayers to be recited after reading the Coran.
75.
Or. 1342.— Foil. 334 ; 10J in. by 6£ ; 12 lines, 3£ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, with all
CORAN.
45
the vowels ; with a double-page 'Unwan and gold-ruled margins ; dated Isfahan, Dul- hijjah, A.H. 1113 (A.D. 1702). Bound in painted and glazed covers.
[SiR CHARLES A. MURRAY.]
The Goran, with an interlinear Persian version and marginal notes. See the Persian Catalogue, p. 8a.
Copyist :
76.
STOWE, Or. 2. — A roll of thin paper 12 feet long, 3 j in. wide ; written in exceedingly minute Neskhi, probably in India, in the 18th century.
The Coran.
The Ayat al-Kursi is written lengthways in large letters outlined in red, and filled in with the minute writing of the text. Floral designs, which alternate with the compart- ments into which the Ayat is divided, contain also portions of the text.
77.
Or. 4102.— Foil. 313 ; 6$ in. by 4 ; 15 lines, 2f in. long ; written in neat vocalized Neskhi, with 'Unwan, gilt headings, and gold-ruled margins, probably in the 17th century.
[BUDGE.]
The Coran complete. At the end is a prayer to be recited after finishing the lecture.
Copyist:
78.
Or. 4248.— Foil. 326 ; 8J- in. by 5J ; 13 lines, 4 in. long ; written in fair, fully vocalized Neskhi, apparently in the 18th century.
[BUDGE.] The Coran.
79.
Or. 4249.— Foil. 271 ; 8f in by 5J ; 16 lines, 3^ in. long ; written in large, fully vocalized Neskhi, with gold-ruled margins, and a broad illuminated border inclosing the first two pages ; dated 22 Muharram, A.H. 1249 (A.D. 1833) ; bound in painted and glazed covers. [BUDGE.]
The Coran.
80.
Or. 4250.— Foil. 305 ; 8 in. by 5J ; 15 lines, 2f in. long ; written in fair vocalized Neskhi, with a rather rude double-page 'Unwan and gold-ruled margins ; dated A.H. 1287 (A.D. 1870). [BODGE.]
The Coran. Copyist :
81.
Or. 2924.— Foil. 239; 9$ in. by 7£; from 10 to 12 lines, 4^ in. long; written in a rude African character, probably in the 19th century.
[Presented by GEN. J. H. LEFROT.]
The first half of the Coran, ending fol. 233J, with the last verse of Surat al-Kahf, or chapter xviii. There is, after fol. 37, a lacuna extending from Surah ii. 284, to the beginning of Surah iv. The vowels, ortho- graphical signs, and Alifs of prolongation omitted in the text, are added throughout in red ink. The sections called Hizb, and their quarters, are marked in the margins.
At the end is written : OxJ.l
O s
^
o^
V> with si* more lines in an African
J •
language.
46
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE GORAN.
Foil. 234« — 239a contain a short life of Muhammad in Rajaz verse, without author's name, beginning :
The title in the superscription is : ^liir' Lffj£\ ^i"5 f& (j) and in the prologue,
PI OOfl/, l"--fcjl ' A U •* • \ *\\ '* "
tOIi Zo\)0 : ,UaC*^ *flj..«3l ^li*^ (j ,1-aJj)' S.J.
The last section extant relates to the Hijrah, the expeditions and pilgrimages of Muham- mad. Of the next-following section, ^U-j
(jila.^ (.5^ ?rU^' the heading alone is extant.
Appended is a letter of the donor, stating that the MS. came from Senne Gambia.
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE CORAN.
82.
Or. 4257.— Foil. 110 ; 7$ in. by 5 ; about 25 lines, 4J in. long ; written in an angular and imperfectly pointed Neskhi ; dated Tus- tar, Khuzistiln, Saturday, nine nights re- maining of Shawwal, A.H. 561 (A.D. 1166).
[BUDGE.]
A work treating of the various readings of the seven recognised Goran - readers, imperfect at the beginning, and without author's name.
It deals exclusively with those words or passages in which the variants occur, the text being mostly introduced by the words
After stating the various readings and their authorities, the author discusses their bearing upon the grammatical construction and the sense of the passage, adding some arguments for or against each. He quotes, at some length, the conflicting opinions of the early
grammarians, and occasionally introduces a poetical quotation. He no w and then addresses his reader in the second person, as in this passage:
The author appears to have lived about the close of the fourth century of the Hijrah. He frequently quotes Ibn Mujahid (Abu Bakr Ahmad B. Musa, who died A.H. 324; v. Fihrist, p. 31, and De Slane, Ibn Khallikan, vol. i., p. 27) ; and the following passage, fol. 1056, shows that he received information from him through the medium of one traditionist : +£- »- *^ «*» ~J^ Jli'
iUJ
JvS \j$\
In another place, fol. 106, he quotes a verse as recited to him by Abu'l-Kasim al- Amidi (al-Hasan B. Bishr, who died in Basrah, A.H. 370 or 371; v. Arabic Cata- logue, p. 748, note b).
The first Coranic text extant is from Surat al-Bakarah, v. 113, and the commentary upon it begins as follows: J— i" "Jj ,Jlx> aJ^'
u
J-J
«*
»**•
The commentary on Surat Al 'Imran, fol. 105, begins: «1JI JW>' «Jy j
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE GORAN.
17
flail-
The last passage discussed is from Surat Tabbat, v. 4, and the commentary concludes with these words: if* J\U J* 2U»-
\jifi
(j U
At the end of most Surahs is a separate section, with the heading UL>\ UN, treating of the pronunciation of the final yti's occurring in them.
There is no means of identifying the work with any of the similar treatises written at the same period, and enumerated in the Berlin Catalogue, p. 244ft.
The MS. has some gaps, and is in a state of great confusion. The following table shows in what order the leaves should be taken :
Surah ii. 113— Surah iii. 27, foil. 95—106.
Surah v. 1— Surah xvi. Ill, foil. 70—74, 25—28, 53—69, 41—52.
Surah xvii. 95— Surah cxiv., foil. 5, 75-76, 10—12,6—9,1—4, 13—24, 79—86,29—40, 87—94, 77-78, 107—110.
Copyist : ^
83.
Or. 3066.— Foil. 66 ; 7± in. by 5± ; 15 lines, 3£ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi ; dated Saturday, 19 Safar, A.H. 872 (A.D. 1467).
[KEEMBE, no. 73.]
A treatise on the orthography of the Goran, by Abu 'Amr 'TJthman B. Sa'id B. 'Uthman al-Mukri al-Dani, who was born
A.H. 371, and died in Denia, A.H. 444. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 694 ; Assila, ed. Codera, p. 398, and Ta'rikh al-Jslam, Or. 49, fol. 2046.
r->-
On the first page is written the following title, by the same hand as the text :
JU3 t&
The contents agree with the analysis of S. de Sacy, Notices et Extraits, vol. viii., pp. 290—332, and with the table of chapters given by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 419.
Copyist : J>jV\ <_i-,^ ^ J* ^ ^^
On the last leaf, fol. 666, is a notice of the author, chiefly after Ibn Bashkuwal, at the end of which the leading dates are given in al-Dani's own words : OjJj j^e- j>\ JIS
Olx> Mi
In the date of the author's death, added at the end, the medial figure is partly obliterated, which accounts for Kremer's reading it 454 instead of 444.
For other copies see the Leyden Catalogue, vol. iv., p. 6 ; the Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 59 ; and De Slane's Paris Catalogue, no. 593. Compare Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 95 ; Suyuti, Itkan, pp. 16, 858 ; and Noldeke, Geschichte des Qorans, p. 243.
48
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE GORAN.
84.
Or. 3068.— Foil. Ill ; 8J in. by 6; 17 lines, 3f in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, dated 19 Safar, A.H. 1008 (A.D. 1599).
[KEEMEE, no. 76.]
A treatise of the same Abu 'Amr 'Uthman B. Sa'Id al-Dani on the various readings of the seven early Goran-readers, with this
title:
\\JA\
See the Arabic Catalogue, pp. 696, 716, and 3786.
Beg. pUttb J,U\ (.\jjJb ajutt /ti cxji J\S
This copy does not contain the author's name. At the end, fol. 109«, is found an additional chapter on the Takbir : j>. > L_A> ju/ ^\ i\ji J jifi&yt (v. Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 582).
Copyist : ^ &\ v_>~
For other copies see Casiri, vol. i., p. 504; the Bodleian Catalogue, vol. ii., p. 87a; the Khedive's Library, vol. i., pp. 34, 40, 43 ; Pertsch, no. 550 ; Loth, no. 41 ; Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, nos. 579 — 589 ; Brill's Catalogue, 1886, no. 319; and Rosen, Mar- sigli Collection, no. 56. Compare Nb'ldeke, Geschichte des Qorans, p. 336.
85.
Or. 4015.— Foil. 112 ; 5 in. by 3£ ; 15 lines, 2f in. long; written in fair Neskhi, probably in the fourteenth century.
[GLASEE, no. 313.]
Various readings of the seven recognised Goran-readers, viz. Nan', Ibn Kathlr, Abu 'Amr, Ibn 'Amir, 'Asim, Hamzah and al- Kisa'i, imperfect at beginning and end.
The author is only designated by his Nisbah Abu 'Ali in the words
which his personal remarks are introduced. By this is probably meant Abu 'Ali al-Hasan B. 'Ali B. Ibrahim B. Yazdad B. Hurmuz al-Ahwazi, who enjoyed as Goran-reader the highest authority in his time. He was born A.H. 362, settled in Damascus A.H. 391, and died there in Dulhijjah, A.H. 446. See Tarikh al-Islam, Or. 49, fol. 210, and Hammer, Literaturgesch, vol. vi., p. 210.
The present work is apparently one of the following three mentioned by Haji Khal, viz. ,j _U$\, vol. i., p. 510 ; j, vol. vi., p, 35 ; and o ib. p. 250.
The author follows the order of the Goran, mentioning briefly the words which are differently read. The MS. begins with Surat al-Bakarah, v. 55, as follows :
Surat Al 'Imran begins, fol. 96, as follows :
*9 -^ibi) CJJ 3^
The MS. breaks off after the first line of Surat al-Tarik (chapter Ixxxvi).
86.
Or. 3069.— Foil. 44 ; 10 in. by 6£ ; 25 lines, 4| in. long ; written in a cursive, but bold and distinct Neskhi, towards the end of the 14th century. [KREMER, no. 77.]
A treatise on the various readings of the ten canonical Coran-readers, by Abu'l-'Izz Muhammad B. al-Husain B. 'Ali B. Bundar al-Mukri al-Kalanisi al-Wasiti, with this title written by the same hand as the text : ^c
J
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE GORAN.
49
iM J\»
ASJ IJA ....
The author, who was called, ' par excellence,' the Mukri, or Cor an -reader, of Irak, died A.H. 521, at the age of eighty-five. See al- 'Ibar, Or. 3006, fol. 264 ; Subki, Add. 23,361, fol. 57a ; and Haj-Khal, vol. i., p. 252. The contents of the work have been stated by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, nos. 654-55. See also Nb'ldeke Geschichte des Qoran's, p. 339. A copy is mentioned, without title or author, in the Gotha Catalogue, no. 549. At the end, fol. 42a, is a Sama' written by the same hand as the text, and stating that the work had been read in Cairo before Tarjuman al-Dm Ibrahim B. Ahmad B. 'Abd al-Wahid al-Shami al-Ba'li al-Shafi'i (an eminent Goran-reader known as Ibn 'Alawan, who died in Cairo, A.H. 800; Durar, Or. 3043, fol. 2a, and Inba al-Ghumr, fol. 1036), in two sittings, the latter of which took place on the 29th of Dulka'dah, A.H. 793 (A.D. 1391).
At the end, foil. 426 — 44«, is a metrical treatise on the articulation of letters -jli*
beginning :
**"
87.
Or. 2810.— Foil. 64; 10 in. by 6f ; 13 lines, 4f in. long ; written in fine Neskhi with all the vowels, with red-ruled margins, illumi- nated titles and gold headings ; dated (fol. 506) Tuesday, 3 Dulka'dah, A.H. 737 (A.D. 1337). [GHANDOUR BEY.]
I. Foil. 2 — 50. A metrical treatise on the seven readings of the Goran, founded on the Taisir of al-Dani (no. 84), and entitled, Hirz al-Amani, but better known as al-Shfitibiyyah, by al-Kasim B. Flrruh (Fierro) B. Khalaf al- Shatibi, who died A.H. 590). See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 726, and Ta'rikh al-Islam, Or. 52, fol. 666.
Beg. ^ i£J ^ — «5M yl
On the first page is written the following inscription in white, upon a richly illuminated ground in blue and gold : sjjuaa3\ **» t
•Ut
Copyist : ^b uJ
For other copies see the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 35, vol. vii., p. 348, Loth, no. 43, and the Catalogues of Munich, no. 101, Bonn, no. 35, Gotha, no. 551, Paris, no. 609, Marsigli, no. 59, Brill, 1886, no. 321, and Berlin, no. 594. Compare Noldeke, Gesch. des Qorans, p. 338.
II. Foil. 51 — 64. A metrical treatise on the proper orthography of the Goran, known as 'Akilat al-Atrab, or al-KasIdat al-R;Viyyah, by the same author. See the Arabic Cata- logue, p. 73«.
Beg.
50
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE CORAN.
On the preceding page is written the following title in gold, on a back ground of
•flowery design in red : ,j joloSM <—>\j>\ LLHc-
t_al»-
For the contents see Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 487 ; S. de Sacy, Memoires de 1'Academie des Inscriptions, vol. v., and Notices et Extraits, vol. viii., p. 333. For other copies see the Bodleian Catalogue, vol. ii., p. 1991; the Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 68 ; Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, no. 555, 2 ; and Brill's Catalogue, 1886, no. 324.
88.
Or. 3774.— Foil. 65 ; 6J in. by 5£ ; from 13 to 15 lines, about 4 in. long ; written in coarse, but distinct, Neskhi, with all the vowels; dated (fol. 495) 26 Dulka'dah, A.H. 904 (A.D. 1499). [GLASEE, no. 58.]
The same two metrical treatises as in the preceding MS., viz. :
I. Foil. 3 — 49. Hirz al-Amiini, with the following title : s^-j
II.
The ceding
Foil. 50— 63. 'AkllatAtrabal-Kasa'id. title is written at the end of the pre- treatise as follows : »
MP
Copyist :
89.
Or. 4252.— Foil. 90 ; 8± in. by 5| ; 21 lines, 4 in. long; written in fair Neskhi ; dated Monday, 9 Shawwal, A.H. 1220 (A.D. 1805).
[BUDGE.]
A commentary upon 'Akilat al-Atrab (no. 87, II.).
Beg.
The commentator, whose name is not found in the MS., is 'Alam al-Dm Abu '1-Hasan 'AH B. Muh. B. 'Abd al-Samad al- Sakhawi, who died A.H. 643. See Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 244, and De Sacy, Notices et Extraits, vol. viii., p. 336.
For other copies see the Vienna Catalogue, no. 1634 ; Berlin, no. 495 ; Paris, no. 610 ; and the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 47.
Copyist : jd
90.
Or. 3071.— Foil'. 76 ; 7 in. by 5J ; 15 lines, 4|- in. long ; written in fair Neskhi ; dated 15 Rabi' II., A.H. 861 (A.D. 1457).
[KEEMEE, no. 79.]
A treatise on the peculiar lessons of the last three of the ten canonical Goran-readers, by Sadakah B. Salam B. Husain al-Masharani (from Mashara, a village near Damascus) al-Darlr.
VARIOUS READINGS AND ORTHOGRAPHY OF THE GORAN.
51
On the first page is written the following title by the same hand as the text : L_>\^
u±o
The author gives his name more fully at
the beginning :
He states further that, after reading the Goran according to the ten versions, travel- ling to Baghdad and Egypt, and studying under the Shaikhs of the former city, Cairo, and Damascus, he determined to compile in a special work the various readings of three of the ten Coran-readers. He extracted them from Kitab al-Irshad (see no. 86), his main authority, and made some additions, derived chiefly from al-Mustanir. The three readers above mentioned are then enumerated, together with their disciples. They are —
1. Abu Ja'far Yazld B. al-Ka'ka' al-Madani, who died (as added in the margin) A.H. 130.
2. Ya'kub B. Ishak al-Hadrami al-Basri, who died A.H. 205. 3. Khalaf B. Hisham al-Bazzar, who died A.H. 229. (See Noldeke, Geschichte des Qorans, pp. 289 — 91, nos. 1, 10 and 9).
In a notice abridged from Kitab al-Nashr (v. Berlin Catalogue, no. 657), and written on the first page of the MS, it is stated that al-Mustanir oiyiJl ^J ..).j:M\\f is the work of Abu Tahir Ahmad B. 'Ali B. 'Abdallah B. 'Umar B. Siwar al-Baghdadi, who died in Baghdad A.H. 496 (v. al-'Ibar, Or. 3006, fol. 250a, and Haj. Khal, vol. v., p. 526).
The author states, fol. 2a, that he had read the works above-mentioned in Cairo,
A.H. 784, before Shams al-Din Muh. B. Ahmad al-'Askalani, Imam of Jfirai' Tulun (who died A.H. 793, Durar al-Kaminah, Or. 3044, fol. 57, and Inba al-Ghumr, fol. 78). He wrote the present work some time before A.H. 816, but was still alive in that year ; for the present MS. was collated, as stated at the end, with a copy which had been read before him at that date, and bore his autograph.
Contents : General remarks beginning with, 'siULu^l »_>\j, fol. 2b. Various readings in the order of the Surahs, beginning: u.»b jjiuJl ijy» cJjjii (_>i/, foil. 19a— 73a.
Two short pieces are appended, viz. 1. A chapter in verse on the anomalies connected with the letters Hamzah in Coranic spelling, (•"iP1 (J o-^i^ (J- j*& u* rj~ ^ ^V> ascribed to Muh. B. Muh. B. Muh.""al-Jazari, foil. 746 — 75a. 2. Extracts from al-Nashr, by the same author (Berlin Catalogue, no. 657), fol. 76a-6.
91.
Or. 3072.— Foil. 26 ; 6J- in. by 4f ; 15 lines, 3f in. long ; written in plain, thick Neskhi, apparently in the 15th century.
[KREMEE, no. 80.]
A treatise against the use of anomalous readings of the Goran, namely, of such as are not sanctioned by any of the ten recog- nised Coran-readers, by Muhammad B. Muh. B. Muh. al-Nuwairi al-Maliki, with the fol- lowing title, written by the copyist : Jyi]\
L j\il
Beg.
laa>.
JJ
Shams al-Din Muh. al-Nuwairi, as he is called in the colophon, was born A.H. 801, and died A.H. 857. He wrote a commentary H 2
52
PRONUNCIATION OF THE CORAN.
upon Tayyibat al-Nashr, which he completed A.H. 832. See Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 173, and the Berlin Catalogue, no. 660.
The present tract contains the following five Fusuls : J Jp
}!j y& U ili.J) ^J ti
The MS. is stated at the end to be a transcript of the author's original MS.
See the definition of Shad by Suyuti, Itkan, p. 182. Works on that subject are mentioned by Noldeke, Gesch. des Qorans, p. 340, and by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, p. 246&.
PRONUNCIATION OF THE CORAN.
92.
Or. 3067.— Foil. 67 ; 7£ in. by 5£ ; 17 lines, 3f in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, apparently in the 15th century.
[KREMEE, no. 75, 1. and II.]
I. Foil. 1—37. JM jj+s. ^ f\*&\ <_>\jS
A treatise on the Idgham, by Abu 'Amr al-Dani (v. no. 83).
&JJ
The scope of the work is set forth as follows : &1M
The Idgham al-Kabir is the coalescence in pronunciation of two identical or similar letters, the first of which had originally a vowel. Abu 'Amr B. al-'Ala is the Imam who especially attended to that subject, and whose rules are expounded in the present work. See al- Suyuti, Itkan, p. 221, and S. de Sacy, Notices et Extraits, vol. viii., p. 318.
The first of several Riwayats stated, fol. 2, ascends from al-Dani to Ibn al-'Ala, through the following five links :
1. Muhammad B. Ahmad B. 'Ali B. al- Husain al-Baghdadi.
2. Ahmad B. Musa B. al-' Abbas B. Mu- jahid.
3. Abu'l-Za'ra 'Abd al-Rahman B. 'Abdus.
4. Abu 'Umar al-Duri.
5. Al-Yazldi (Yahya B. al-Mubarak, d. A.H. 202 ; v. Sam'ani, fol. 599£.
The rubrics are the following :
Fol 9a.
Fol.
Fol. 23a. Fol.
Fol. 28a.
For works on the same subject see Haj. Khal., vol. v., p. 36, and Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, nos. 553, 557.
II. Foil. 38 — 67. A treatise on the read- ings of the Coranic text which are peculiar to Abu 'Amr B. al-'Ala (see art. i.), extracted by Shams al-DIn Muh. B. 'Ali B. Abi
PRONUNCIATION OF THE GORAN.
53
'1-Kiisim B. Abi 'l-'Aziz al-Warrak al-Mausili, from the Taisir of Abu 'Amr al-Dani (see above, no. 84).
On the first page is the following title, in the handwriting of the copyist : j-iV
*fl5
Beg.
bli/
kaJJb
The author appears to have lived in the seventh century of the Hijrah. The work of al-Dani came down to him through a chain of five teachers, who are enumerated in an ascending line as follows : 1. Majd al- Din Abu Ahmad 'Abd al-Samad B. Ahmad B. 'Abd al-Kadir B. Abi '1- Jaish al-Baghdadi. 2. Abu '1-Ma'ali Muh. B. Abi '1-Faraj B. Ma'ali B. Barakah al-Mausili (who was teaching about A.H. 600 ; v. Arabic Cata- logue, p. 378J, and the Berlin Catalogue, p. 226a). 3. Abu Bakr Yahya B. Sa'dun B. Tammam al-Azdi al-Kurtubi. 4. Abu 'Ali al-Hasan B. Khalaf al-Kairawani, called Ibn Balimah. 5. Abu '1-Zawad Mufrij Kati Ikbal al-Daulah s.^ JUS\ Jis B. Mujahid.
After some general remarks on peculiarities of spelling, the various readings are given in the order of the Surahs.
93.
Or. 3881.— Foil. 51 ; 9 in. by 6£ ; 21 lines, 3^ in. long; written in cursive Neskhi ; dated Sunday, 12 Shawwal, A.H. 1111.' (A.D. 1737). [GLAHER, no. 168u.]
A commentary upon the Mukaddimat al- Jazariyyah, or metrical treatise on the correct pronunciation of the Goran, by Abu'l-Khair Muhammad B. Muh. B. Muh. al-.Tazari (see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 3786 III).
Beg. j-ioj . . . . a— M J^U. J Jl«il\ JJ
U
The commentator does not give his name, but he calls the author of the text his father. His name is Shihab al-Din Abu Bakr Ahmad B. Muh. al-Jazari. The father was born in Damascus A.H. 751, and died in Shlraz A.H. 833. The son, who was born in Damascus A.H. 780, lived in Brusa, and afterwards in Cairo. The date of his death is not known. See for the lives of the father and his sons, the Shaka'ik al-Nu'man, foil. 14 — 17, and for other copies of the com- mentary, Uri, no. 1290 ; Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, no. 563 ; the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 35, vol. vii., pp. 215, 221 ; and Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 511-12. In the first of the above works, the commentary is stated to have been composed in Lainnda, A.H. 806.
The commentary includes the entire text, written in red ink. At the end is appended a chapter on the rules to be observed in reading the Goran, foil. 466— 51a. It begins :
A similar appendix is noticed by Ahlwardt, no. 513.
PRONUNCIATION OF THE GORAN.
94.
Or. 4150.— Foil. 140 ; 8 in. by 5f ; 19 and 21 lines, from 3 to 3^ in. long; written in small, fair Neskhi ; dated (fol. 58) Thursday, 25 Rajab, A.H. 974, and (fol. 78) A.H. 991, (A.D. 1567—83).
I. Foil. 1 — 40. A commentary upon the same work, by Tashkupri Zadah.
Beg.
The author is not named in the text, but in this endorsement : idlj jjy (j&lU ^jU ^i>. His full name is 'Isarn al-Din Ahmad B. Mustafa, and he is well-known as the author of al-Shaka'ik al-Nu'maniyyah. He died A.H. 968. See Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 79.
In his preface, the commentator refers to a previous commentary, that of al-Jazari's son (no. 93), which he describes as deficient in some parts, and redundant in others. The text of the poem is included, and dis- by a red line drawn over it.
A copy is noticed in the Khedivial Library, vol. i., p. 37.
II. Foil. 41—58.
Another commentary upon the same work, by Zain al-Din Abu Yahya Zakariyya al- Ansari al-Shafi'i.
Beg.
SUN
Jl
The author, Zakariyya B. Muh. al-Ansari al-Sunaiki, died A.H. 926. See Haj. Khal., ib., and the Arabic Catalogue, p. 769«.
The full title of the commentary is : M*LJ\ pZ, j n^^^ ^3^\ . For other
copies see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 3765» art. iii. ; the Berlin Catalogue, nos. 516 — 521 ; and the Khedive's Library, vol. i., pp. 36, 42, 44, vol. vii., pp. 213, 495, where it is stated that the commentary was written A.H. 883.
III. Foil. 59 — 78. An anonymous com- mentary upon the same work.
It has no preface, and begins with the first verse of the poem, the explanation of
which is as follows: *Jyo»- (.f^>. UJ *-*l»M U-
^jjui\ SU^ tiJ/j i— «i^ (jfr JLaM «.»-»
It is evidently abridged from the commen- tary of the author's son (see no. 93).
IV. Foil. 82—140. ^ J
Wjjii. A very full commentary upon the same work, by Muhammad al-Kadifi al- Halabi al-Hanafi.
Beg-
Jp!
U! . . .
J^
According to Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 79, the author is Radi al-Din Muh. B. Ibrahim al-Halabi, called Ibn al-Hanbali, the historian of Halab, who died A.H. 971 (v. Arabic Catalogue, p. 7706, ad p. 162), and the commentary was completed A.H. 941.
In the preface, the author describes his work as compiled from three previous com- mentaries, namely, 1. al-Hawashi al-Mufah- himah (no. 93) ; 2. al-Daka'ik al-Muhak- kainah (supra, art. ii.) ; and 3. al-Hawa- shi al-Azhariyyah, by Khalid B. 'Abdallah al- Azhari (v. Berlin Catalogue, no. 515). He
PRONUNCIATION OF THE CORAN.
adds that it is also enriched with original comments of his own.
The commentator had read the Jazariyyah, as he states in his preface, with his Shaikh,' Shihab al-Dm Ahmad B. Muh. B. Ibrahim al-Antaki, whose Riwayat he traces up to the author. That Shaikh was, in fact, one of the masters of Ibn al-Hanbali, who devotes to him a long notice in Durr al-Habab, Add. 23,976, fol. 196, and states that he died A.H. 953.
The commentary includes the entire text of the poem, distinguished by a red line drawn over it.
Copyist (fol. 58) : uDjj.
95.
Or. 4253.— Foil. 157 ; 8 in. by 5f ; about 20 lines, 3f in. long ; written in Neskhi, with dates ranging from A.H. 1061 to 1092 (A.D. 1651—1681). [BUDGE.]
Foil. 1—79. Commentary of 'Ali B. Sultan Muhammad al-Kari (d. A.H. 1014) upon the same treatise, al-Jazariyyah.
Beg. L*lLa5\ (J\*J\
V J J'
>, u . . .
For more detail, and other copies, see Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 522; the Khedive's Library, vol. vii., p. 426 ; and for the commentator's life and works, Khulasat al-Athar, vol. iii., p. 185.
II. Foil. 80—97. ^ ^ j ^\ ju)\ A metrical treatise on the pronunciation
60
of the Coran, by Muhammad [B. Mahmud] B. Muh. al-Sharif al-Samarkandi al-Hama- dani, with the author's own commentary, entitled : jj jd\ jjLJ) wi» j o l\
r tf ** "^ &<>
of the Comm. : jii- ^JJI ^
The poem, which rhymes in ^, begins :
JIaji Khal. calls the author Muh. B. Mah- mud B. Muh. al-Samarkandi, and mentions also another work of his on the pronunciation of the Fatihah. See vol. iv., p. 231, and p. 545.
III. Foil. 98—111.
A treatise on the spelling of the copies of the Coran sent by 'Uthman to the chief Muslim cities, by Muh. B. Mahmud B. Muh. al-Kari al-Shlrazi al-Shafi'i.
Beg.
The author, having observed how much the usual spelling of Corans departed from the orthography of 'Uthman's original copy, insists upon the duty of strictly keeping to the latter. He then sets forth in detail, in five and twenty Babs, the special features of the archaic spelling.
IV. Foil. 112—122. A commentary by Ahmad B. 'Ali, known as al-Makini, upon a metrical treatise on the pronunciation of the Fatihah, by al-Ja'bari, entitled : ^
56
PRONUNCIATION OF THE GORAN.
Beg. [y*
.iS ^1=S ^ LJJoJI
The poem begins :
J>J
The commentary was written by desire of the Mufti Shaikh Ibrahim B. Hasan al-Ahsa'i, aiid was completed in al-Ahsa, Jumada II., A.H. 1041.
The author of the poem is Burhan al-DIn Ibrahim B. 'Umar al-Ja'bari, who died A.H. 732. See Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p 416 ; the Berlin Catalogue, no. 542 ; and the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 35.
V. Foil. 123—140.
s>\*
A metrical treatise, Urjiizah, upon doubt- ful readings in the Coran, by 'Ali al-Sakhawi.
Beg. \Ji\5 i> urjUr-N JS
The author, 'Alam al-Dm Abu '1-Hasan 'Ali B. Muh. B. 'Abd al-Samad al-Sakhawi, wrote also a commentary upon the Shati- biyyah, and a Nuniyyah on the pronunciation of the Fatihah. He died A.H. 643. See Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 495 ; the Berlin Catalogue, no. 710 ; and the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 47.
The work is alphabetically arranged. Under each letter are mentioned parallel, but not identical, texts, which may give rise to confusion, with references to the Surahs in which they occur.
VI. Foil. 142—156. A treatise on the correct pronunciation of the Coran, by Mu- hammad B. 'Umar B. Khalid al-Kadlni al-Falluji, Shaikh al-Islam, in Syria : ^
J (.
[corrected to
J J\ a^J
The author treats of the Madd, of which five kinds are distinguished, and, fol. 158a, of the Idghiim. He says at the end, that he followed in this matter the teachings of his Shaikh 'Abd al-Samad, &, ^ >W I* ^
96.
Or. 4254.— Foil. 135 ; 8J by 5f ; 21 lines, 4 in. long ; written in small and fair Neskhi ; dated Dulka'dah, A.H. 1218 (A.D. 1804).
[BUDGE.]
I. Foil. 4 — 13. A short treatise on the correct pronunciation of the Coran, entitled :
Beg.
&)
\L<J
U)*.-
al)
The work treats of Madd, of the articulation of letters, of Tajwld, Idgham and Wakf . The author, whose name does not appear, quotes 'Ala al-DIn al-Tarabulusi's commentary upon al-Jazari. A copy is noticed, also without author's name, in the. Khedive's Library, vol. vii., p. 27.
II. Foil. 14—59. c> J *^ m]j\jU\ &-j£J\. A commentary by 'Abd al-Da'im B. 'Ali al-Azhari, upon the Mukaddimah of Abu '1-Khair Muh. B. Muh. al-Jazari (see no. 93).
PRONUNCIATION OF THE CORAN.
57
U
The commentary includes the full text, •written in red ink. The explanation of the first Bait begins : j,- 9,Ui« J*i
At the end is an appendix on the rules to be observed by the Goran-reader, in the discharge of his office. It begins :
A commentary by Zain al-Din 'Abd al- Da'im B. 'All al-Azhari, who died A.H. 870, is mentioned by Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 79, but without title. Our MS. appears to contain another recension of the commentary described by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 51 4. It has the same appendix ; but, with regard to the beginning of the com- mentary proper, it agrees with that of 'Abd al-Da'im's pupil, Khalil B. 'Abdallah al- Azhari, as given under no. 515.
III. Foil. 60-61. 'Remarks of Abu '1-Hasan 'Ali B. Ja'far B. Muh. al-Razi on the pro- nunciation of J and y in the Goran.
Beg. ^j\}\ *+** y
\4»i? y* j^S ..
IV. Foil. 62—77. A treatise upon Tajwld, and on the readings of Abu 'Amr, by Abu '1- Hasan al-Maliki al-Shadili.
Beg.
>- (_Jii\ . . .
Tlie author had compiled, under the above
title, a work on the seven readings of the Goran, based upon the Taisir (of 'Uthm.m B. Sa'id al-Dani, d. A.H. 444), and the Kflfi (of Isma'Il B. Ahmad al-Sarakhsi al-Hara\vi, d. A.H. 414). He extracted from it subse- quently the present abridgment confined to the reading of Abu 'Amr, as the most current in Egypt. It is divided into the following seven Pasls : 1. •- -*'
2. ,v.j!^ ; 3. ^^, v_iS^ ; 4.
5.. it u • t -* lOJl
; 7.
; 6.
V. Foil. 78—89. A catalogue of the Surahs, showing where each was revealed, in Mecca or Medina, and the number of verses and letters in each.
Beg. ObJ «LM> A £*ij-« Jj ****
VI. Foil. 896—99. A treatise on the correct pronunciation of the Goran according to the seven readers, without author's name.
Beg.
VII. Foil. 100—134. A concordance of the Goran, showing in what Surahs identical or similar groups of words occur, with the heading : w^ j *jlii*N oU£ j
Beg.
It begins with a few verses, and continues in prose.
The transcriber of foil. 4 — 99 is Muh. Amln al-Hafiz B. Mulla 'Abd al-Kadir B. al-Haj 'Umar.
Foil 100 — 134 have been written by al- Haj Abu Bakr, A.H. 1202 (A.D. 1788).
58
COMMENTARIES UPON THE COHAN.
97.
COMMENTARIES UPON THE CORAN.
Or. 2922.— Foil. 127 ; 9f in. by 6| ; 21 lines, 5J in. long ; written in cursive and irregu- lar, but distinct, Neskhi ; dated the 5th of Rajab, A.H. 764 (A.D. 1363).
The second volume of the commentary of Abu' 1-Laith al- Samarkand! upon the Goran.
Abu '1-Laith Nasr B. Muhammad B. Ibra- him al-Samarkandi, a Hanafi jurist, died at Balkh, in the month of Jumada II., A.H. 375, as stated in Ta'rikh al-Islam, Or. 48, fol. 1456, and al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, Add. 23359, fol. 1246. But later dates are assigned by other writers to his death, namely A.H. 393 by Ibn Kutlubugha, p. 58, no. 242, and A.H. 383 by Haj. Khal., vol. iii., p. 136.
The MS. is endorsed : ^~iJ y- JISM ^ d-oAN £\ ; at the end is written: jLs' j-\
*U\ t^j L^W ^ yljHNjJUJJ y* JM>\. But
here the name of the author has been obliterated, although still faintly visible, and the word i_JlS/ written in its place. The text agrees with the extracts from the Tafsir of Abu '1-Laith, given by Ahlwardt in the Berlin Catalogue, no. 724.
The volume wants some leaves at the beginning. The first words of the text are :
>& I* \JJ6
(Surah ix. 35). The com- mentary begins as follows : US^ «jjLi!\ Jli'
\JOjj- 'j'flws- ±^ Ujjc- JUi
Jls
Besides the latter part of Surah ix., the volume contains the following Surahs : x. fol. 7& ; xi. fol. 23a ; xii. fol. 41a ; xiii. fol. 59a ; xiv. fol. 68a ; xv. fol. 756 ; xvi. fol. 826; xvii. fol. 99a; and xviii. foil. 1166— 127o.
Copyist :
For complete copies of the same commen- tary see Casiri, no. 1294, and the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 50. For detached volumes see the Berlin Catalogue, nos. 734 — 36 and 824 — 29, the Ley den Catalogue, vol. iv., p. 17, and Aumer, Munich Catalogue, no. 78.
98.
Or. 2923.— Foil. 198; 8f in. by 6 ; 21 lines, 4Jin. long ; written in rather cursive, but fair, Neshki ; dated Damascus, the 3rd of Jumada I., A.H. 692 (A.D. 1293).
The third volume, eJljM && (colophon), of the same commentary, beginning as follows : ^ ^\ \Js
£ yi,
It comprises the following Surahs : — xix. fol. lb; xx. fol. 136; xxi. fol. 30a ; xxii. fol. 45a ; xxiii. fol. 59a ; xxiv. fol. 70a ; xxv. fol. 89 (after fol. 91 there is a lacuna extend- ing from xxv '. 19, to xxvi. 225); xxvii. fol. 926; xxviii. fol. 1055; xxix. fol. 1186; xxx. fol. 127a ; xxxi. fol. 135a ; xxxii. fol. 141a ; xxxiii. fol. 1456 ; xxxiv. fol. 1646 ; xxxv. fol. 175ft ; xxxvi. fol. 183ft, and xxxvii. fol. 1866.
Copyist:
Three folios, viz. 156, 157, and 195, have been supplied by a later hand.
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
51)
99.
Or. 3999.— Poll. 66 ; 11 in. by 7f ; fragments by various hands, apparently of the 14th and 15th centuries. [GLASER, no. 294.]
I. Foil. 1 — 54; 83 lines, 5^ in. long; written in small, close, very sparely pointed, Neshki.
Fragment of a commentary upon the Goran, without author's name.
The author is Abu '1-Hasan 'AH B. Ahmad B. Muh. al-Wahidi, who died A.H. 468. He composed three commentaries upon the Goran, respectively called lax-Jl or exten- sive, laju»jN or medium, and j*-»-jM or abridged. See Ibn Khallikan, De Slane, vol. ii., p. 246, Suyuti, De Interpretibus Corani, no. 70, and Ta'rikh al-Islam, Or. 50, fol. 114.
Our fragment appears to belong to the second, or intermediate commentary. The text is fuller than the extracts from al-Wajiz given by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 749, and contains the Isnads quoted by him from the Wasit, ib. no. 750. It extends from the 30th verse of Surah xxv. to the first verse of Surah Ixxiv. ; but there are some internal lacunae, and foil. 2 — 5, 31 — 35, are more or less torn at the bottom.
Surah xxxii. begins, fol. 10, as follows :
.,t..,a,!>
U
^-, JS Jli'
A MS. of the Wasit is mentioned by Auuaer, Munich Catalogue, no. 79. See also the Khedive's Library, vol. L, pp. 59 and 112.
II. Fol. 55. The first leaf of an abridg- ment of the Kashshaf of al-Zamakhshari by 'Abdallah B. al-Hadi B. Amir al-Muminin Yahya B. Hamzah, with the following title:
Beg ..... wl
^ JJ1
The author lived in the latter half of the eighth century A.H. His father al-Hadi was the sixth son of Imam al-Muayyad, who died A.H. 749. See al-Tarjuman, fol. 166i.
III. Fol. 56—63 ; 25 lines, 5f in. long. Fragment of a commentary upon a treatise on logic, without author's name.
It is the commentary of Kutb al-Dln Muhammad B. Muh. al-Razi al-Tahtuni (d. A.H. 766) upon the Shamsiyyah of Najm al-Din 'AH B. 'Umar al-Katibi (d. A.H. 675). See Loth, no. 503, Pertsoh, no. 1186, etc.
The contents correspond with pp. 16 — 78 of the Calcutta edition of 1815. The portion of the text included extends from paragraph 3 to the beginning of paragraph 13 of Sprenger's edition of the Shamsiyyah.
Fol. 65 is the first leaf of the second vol. of al-Bahr (Or. 4021). Fol. 66 is a fragment of a commentary upon a legal treatise, relating to the law of marriage.
i 2
60
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
100.
Or. 3065.— Foil. 249 ; 9£ in. by 6f ; 21 lines, 4f in. long ; written in fine Neskhi, with a fair sprinkling of vowels; dated 29 Dulka'dah, A.H. 644 (A.D. 1247).
[KEEMEE, no. 72.]
-Xojl&l)} t— VuJ
A commentary upon the Goran, by Burhan al-Din Taj al-Kurra Mahmud B. Hamzah B. Nasr al-Kirmani.
Beg. j£s* ^ L
The author, who died some time after A.H. 500, wrote two commentaries upon the Goran, one entitled ^UlH <_. >U), ex- plaining the entire text, and another called t_*>yMj i^U?"', confined to such passages as are open to rare and ingenious interpreta- tions. The former, the present work, is described by Haj. Khal., with the above beginning, vol. v.,p. 299, and vol. ii.,p. 377. The second is mentioned, ib., vol. ii., p. 338, vol. iv., p. 309 and vol. v., p. 115. In the first of these three passages, the author is blamed for discarding the authentic exegesis handed down by the Sahabah, and resorting to arbitrary and fanciful interpretations. Al-Suyuti, who did not think him worthy of a place in his Tabakat al-Mufassirm, mentions him as a grammarian, Bughyat al-Wu'at, Or. 3042, fol. 199a, and ascribes to him, besides the ^x->laj3\ ^W, the following gram- matical works: al-Ijaz, abridged from al- Idah (H. Kh., vol. i., p. 515); al-Nizami, abridged from al-Luma' (ib., vol. v., p. 332) ; al-Ifadah (ib., vol. i., p. 370) ; and al-'Unwan (ib., vol. iv., p. 275).
In his Itkan, Calcutta edition, p. 907, the same author taxes al-Kirmani with giving in his work, t— -ol^j c-JU^, reprehensible in- terpretations, which none should adopt or even mention, except to warn others against
them. He mentions, however, with praise, p. 736, another work of the same author, ^yiN aol±^« ,j U\J^>M. The present volume is designated at the end as the first quarter of the TafsTr, ^^\ j*-fl-5 ^ Jj^H gj\, and on the title-page as Jl^b^-U^ »_JjJ ^ Jj^l.
The title does not appear in the text. In a short preamble, the author describes the work as follows : ^ <_;\i£J) \ j* <j
3\
The author's name appears at the be- ginning of Surah i. as follows ; ^J^\ Jls
fjf- s&\ ^jOj The commentary begins :
At the beginning of Surah iii., the author gives again some information as orally re- ceived by him from the same Abu Sahl Muh. B. 'Abd al-Rahman B. Abi'1-Fadl al-Naisaburi al-Kashghari, who had it from 'Ali al-Wahidi, author of JjjJJ^ >-j\~»\. The latter, a well- known commentator, died A.H. 468 ; see Ibn Khallikan, De Slane's translation, vol. ii., p. 246.
The volume contains the following Surahs : i. fol. 2a ; ii. fol. 7a ; iii. fol. lOla ; iv. fol. 156a ; v. fol. 185a ; and vi., fol. 2176. The whole text is given in longer or shorter passages, and is distinguished from the commentary by a larger character.
Copyist : »U~»s> ^ (.
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
101.
Or. 2977.— Foil. 266 ; 8f in. by 6| ; 23 lines, 4£ in. long ; written in cursive, but fair and distinct, Neskhi ; probably in the 13th century. [H. STERN.]
The second volume of the commentary of al-Husain B. Mas'ud al-Farra al-Baghawi, who died A.H. 516 (see the Arabic Catalogue, pp. 61a, 7636; Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, no. 524 ; Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 753) ; the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 105, etc.).
Beg. cJjJ
4*\3? JIS &i*
Ji
The text is distinguished from the com- mentary by a larger character. The volume is endorsed by a later hand : ^ ,J\5-N ^JA t/j*jJJ JjjjjLM |JU*. It contains the follow- ing Surahs : vii. fol. 16 ; viii. fol. 436 ; ix. fol. 636; x. fol. 107a; xi. fol. 1206; xii. fol. 1376 ; xiii. fol. 162a; xiv. fol. 1736; xv. fol. 1826 ; xvi. fol. 191a ; xvii. fol. 206a ; xviii. foil. 2376—2666,
The contents correspond with those of the second volume (Jild) of the edition lithographed in Bombay, A.H. 1295, pp. 334—563, and with those of no. 758 of the Berlin Catalogue.
Defects of the original MS. have been supplied by several hands, viz. foil. 231 — 254, in a handwriting of the 14th century, and foil. 1 and 230, 16—18, and 255—266, by several later hands.
102.
Or. 4002.— Foil. 64; 10 in. by 6£; 25 lines, 5 in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, probably in the 14th century. [GLASEK, no. 297.]
Another portion of the same commentary, imperfect, and slightly damaged at beginning and end. The fragment extends from Surali xxxvi. 69, to Surah Ixiv. 12. It corresponds with the complete copy described in the Arabic Catalogue, p. 62, Add. 7234, from fol. 162a, line 13, to. fol. 238«, line 33.
The commentary on Surah xxxvii. begins, fol. 2, as follows : ^-Uc. ^\ J\* '
lJ U3J1 J jlil
103.
Or. 4255.— Foil. 307; 9f in. by 6J ; from 21 to 23 lines, 5J in. long ; written in large and bold Neskhi, with occasional vowels ; dated Kuds al-Sharif (Jerusalem), middle of Sha'ban, A.H. 715 (A.D. 1315). [Bowm.]
The last volume of the same work, extend- ing from the beginning of Surah xxxix., , to the end of the Goran.
fr b JS
Beg. ^.J
The original, somewhat obliterated, title
s :
under which is written by a later hand :
The MS. consists of two nearly equal parts, the first of which, ending with Surah Ivii., wants a few lines at the end. The second
begins, fol. 1316, with Surah Iviii., ibU?' 5,^-..
104.
Or. 3371.— Foil. 333 ; 10^ in. by 6f ; 25 lines, 4^ in. long ; written in a fine formal Xeskhi,
G2
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
with all vowels, with gold-ruled margins, probably in the 17th century. [JOHN LEE.]
The first volume of the Kashsbaf of Mahmud B. 'Umar al-Zamakhshari (died A.H. 538 ; see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 62, and Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 769).
It is designated in the colophon as the first of three volumes, v.jU^J) ^ J^\ Jfrf* J I^D^ <bj£ ll}*, and extends from the beginning
of the Goran to the end of Surah vii. Its contents correspond with those of the Cal- cutta edition of 1856, vol. i., pp. 2 — 498.
The MS. is described in Dr. Lee's Cata- logue, p. 7, no. 15. Prefixed is a letter of Burggraf to Dr. Lee, dated 'Liege, le 10 Decbre, 1845.' The writer returns the MS. to the latter, and says that he had collated it with two copies in the Bibliotheque Royale, with a view to the editing of the work.
105.
Or. 4256.— Foil. 232 ; 9 in. by 4f ; 26 lines, 3j in. long; written in neat and minute Neskhi, apparently in the 15th century.
[BUDGE.]
A volume of the same commentary, desig- nated on the outer edge and on the fly-leaf as the third quarter of the work.
It extends from the beginning of Surat Maryam, to the end of Surat al-Safat (Surahs xix. — xxxvii.).
Foil. 2—14 and 23—30 have been supplied by a somewhat later hand.
106.
Or. 4010.— Foil. 300 ; 9f in. by 7| ; 27 lines, 5J in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, probably
in the 14th century, with portions supplied by a somewhat later hand ; partly damaged by damp. [GlASEK, no. 308.]
The latter half of the same commentary, imperfect at beginning and end.
It contains Surahs xxxi. — civ. The com- mentary begins : t_*-*lsi? i^HM ^ «U\ l^ c-»b l^lxls- ^j (Calcutta edition, p. 1104, line 21), and ends with ^^^ laLc* ^^ ^\ j^agj JbUN \l£>\ >UJMJ (ib., p. 1646, line 5).
107.
Or. 3914.— Foil. 331 ; 11 in. by 8 ; 26 lines, 5-g- in. long ; written in rather coarse Neskhi ; dated Monday, 16 Dulka'dah, A.H. 968 (A.D. 1561). ' [GrLASEK, no. 208.]
The third and last volume of a Tafsir abridged from the Kashshaf of al-Zamakh- shari, with this title :
Beg.
&jLJjo
The author, whose name does not appear, is Sayyid 'Abdallah B. al-Hadi B. Amir al- Muminln Yahya B. Hamzah, who lived about A.H. 800. See above, no. 99, II.
This volume extends from the beginning of Surah xxix., Oj^M S,.->, to the end of the Goran. The contents correspond with pages 1069—1647 of the Calcutta edition of the Kashshaf.
It was copied at the expense of Fakih Sarim al-Din Ibrahim B. Sulaiman B. Sharah Allah B. 'Umair al-Dlbani al-Habri.
Foil. 328 — 330, written by the same hand, contain a prayer to be recited after complet-
COMMENTARIES UPON THE CORAN.
63
ing the reading of the Goran, by 'Izz al-Dln Muhammad B. al-Hadi B. Amir al-MQminin, apparently a brother of the author of the commentary.
108.
Or. 3864.— Foil. 260; 10 in. by 6£; 24 lines, 4£ in. long ; written in a small and distinct Neskhi, apparently in Persia, in the 15th or 16th century. [GLASER, no. 152.]
A commentary upon the Goran, without title or author's name, comprising Surahs xix. — cxiv.
Beg. (jrjli j\ b
v\ £J°. (J$ ^j**1 *^ sjj
It is evidently abridged from the Kashshaf of al-Zamakhshari. Dr. Glaser calls the author Molla Zada, a name which does not appear in the MS. The text of the Goran is given verse by verse and written in red ink. There are some marginal annotations from the Tafslr of Ibn Kathlr (Isma'Il B. 'Umar, who died A.H. 774; v. Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 349). This abridgment differs from the preceding, Or. 3914. Prefixed to the volume is a notice of the two great commentators, al-Zamakhshari and Ibn 'Atiyyah ('Abd al- Hakk B. Ghalib al-Gharnati ; v. Meursinge, no. 49, and Ahlwardt, no. 800), who died A.H. 541 or 542. It is taken from the preface of al- Bahr al-Muhit .by Abu Hayyan (v. Or. 3863).
109.
Or. 4000.— Foil. 26; 11 in. by 8; 26 lines, 6^ in. long ; written in a small and neat, but sparsely pointed, Neskhi, apparently in the 14th century. [GLASBE, no. 295.]
Fragment of a Tafsir abridged from al- Kashshaf. It extends from the beginning of Surat al-Bakarah to v. 63 of the same Surah.
The contents correspond with those of the Calcutta edition of the Kashsbaf from p. l!i, line 4, to p. 81, line 6.
The commentary upon the first extant words of the text *jj ._-.>., ^, begins as follows :
Foil. 25-26 contain a Kasidah by Fakih Muh. B. 'All B. 'Umar al-L)amadi al-Tihami in answer to the Kasidah of Sayyid Shams al- Din Ahmad B. 'Ali al-Mu'afi. "
110.
Or. 2184.— Foil. 96 ; 61 in. by 45 ; 13 lines, 3f in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, with tbe vowels ; dated al-Salihiyyah, Damascus, 5 Ramadan, A.H. 694 (A.D. 1295).
An explanation of the Mubhamilt in the Coran, to which the following title is prefixed in the handwriting of the copyist :
U.
JU3 «JJ
Abu'l-Kasim 'Abd al-Rahman B. 'Abdallah B. Ahmad al-Khath'ami al-Suhaili, author of the well-known commentary upon the Sirat al-Rasul of Ibn Hisham, died A.H. 581 ; see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 582fc.
~ " . Beg. Jjo uJ^»j U-.^ «jl J* ^&\ al!
The full title of the present work is :
see Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 720. The same title, with a slight variation, is given by al-Suyuti in his Itkan, Calcutta
64
COMMENTARIES UPON THE CORAN.
edition, p. 15, and by Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 319, who quotes also the initial words as above. See further Ibn Khallikan, De Slane's translation, vol. ii., p. 99. In the colophon the work is simply called t-^U^ iU$x»!\ l»*«^. It is mentioned in the Itkan, p. 808, as the earliest work treating especially of the Mubhamat.
The Mubhamat, which form the subject of Suhaili's commentary, are general expres- sions intended by the speaker to designate definite persons or things, the proper names of which have been handed down by tradition. They are taken in the order in which they are found in the text, the names of the respective Surahs forming the rubrics.
After fol. 1 there is a lacuna of some extent ; the latter part of the preface, all that relates to Surahs i. — v. and the first portion of Surah vi. are lost. The first text extant is : 0-i» *J1 -£ ^ J^ ^jl J\i' j\ (Surah vi. 93), the commentary upon which begins :
ajou-* y& Jlib
"— »»
There are also some minor gaps and a few transpositions in the body of the volume.
For other copies see the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 62, and Landberg, no. 504.
111.
Or. 1105.— Foil. 247 ; 12iin.by8; 35 lines, 5^ in. long ; written in a neat and formal Neskhi, apparently in the 16th century.
[WARREN HASTINGS.]
A commentary upon the Goran, by Fakhr al-Dln Abu 'Abdallah Muh. B. 'Umar B. al- ii usain al-Razi, called Ibn Khatlb al-Rai, who died in Herat A.H. 606.
For the author's life see Ibn Abi Usaibi'ah, vol. ii., pp. 23 — 30 ; Wiistenfeld, Arabische Aertzte, no. 200 ; Ibn Khallikan, De Slane's version, vol. ii., p. 652 ; Casiri, vol. i., p. 183 ; Ta'rikh al-Islam, Or. 52, fol. 229; and Suyuti, Tabakat al-Mufassirin, no. 120.
From the above sources we learn that al-Razi's commentary, called also al-Tafsir al-Kablr, consisted of twelve volumes, in- dependently of a separate volume devoted to the Fatihah. Al-Suyuti describes it in his Itkan, Calcutta edition, p. 917, as full of irrelevant philosophical disquisitions, adding that it had been said of it, that it contained all manner of things save one — the explana- tion of the text. The Mafatih al-Ghaib has been printed in eight voll., Bulak, A.H. 1289, and Constantinople, A.H. 1294.
The present MS., which is imperfect at beginning and end, and contains neither title nor author's name, has been identified by comparison with the Bulak edition. It begins abruptly with comments upon Surah x. 20, at a passage corresponding with vol. iv., p. 819, line 28, and breaks off in the com- ments upon Surah xviii. 8 — 11, at a pas- sage corresponding with vol. v., p. 683, line 20. The text is given entire, and in red ink. The first passage occurring in the MS., fol. 2b, is v. 21 of Surah x., and the com-
mentary upon it begins : ^
The next following Surahs begin respec- tively as follows : xi. fol. 30« ; xii. fol. 63a ; xiii. fol. 996 ; xiv. fol. 118a ; xv. fol. 139a ; xvi. fol. 1556 ; xvii. fol. 198a ; xviii. fol. 243^. At the end of Surahs x. — xiv., the author gives dates of composition ranging from Rajab, A.H. 601, to the end of Sha'ban, same year, adding that he was then mourning the premature death of his son Muhammad.
The earlier commentators most frequently
COMMENTARIES UPON THE CORAX.
65
quoted are al-Zajjaj (Ibrahim B. al-Sari, d. A.H. 311), al-Wahidi (<Ali B. Ahmad, d. A.H. 468), and, above all, the author of al- Kashshaf, i.e. al-Zaraakhshari.
The following detached portions of al- Razi's commentary are found in European libraries : Surah i. in Berlin, v. Alilwardt, no. 941 ; Surahs i. — iv. in Paris, De Slane, no. 613 ; Surahs i. — xviii., iii. — ix., and xxxii. — cxiv., in the India Office, v. Loth, nos. 65 — 67 ; Surahs i., ii. — iv., y., and xvi., xvii., in the Bodleian ; Uri, nos. v., xxvi., xiv. and xii. For complete copies and de- tached volumes see the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 106.
112.
Or. 2981.— Foil. 179 ; 10J in. by 7 ; 27 lines, 5-|- in. long ; written in an inelegant, but dis- tinct, Neskhi; dated Halab, Ramadan, A.H. 856 (A.D. 1452). [H. STERN.]
The first volume of an extensive commen- tary upon the Corau, the author of which, not named in the MS., is, according to Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 400, Abu Muh. al-Mu'afa B. Isma'il B. al-Husain Ibn Abi'l-Bayan (or Ibn Abi'l-Sinan). Ibn Kadi Shuhbah, who gives the same name, Add. 7356, fol. 706, but, instead of Ibn Abi '1-Bayan, writes Ibn Abi'l-Sinan, says that he was born in al- Mausil A.H. 551, and died there A.H. 630. Ibn Abi '1-Sinan is also the form adopted by De Slane, Paris Catalogue, no. 732, and by Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, LO. 612. He wrote the following works : 1. »aa)\ Jj J*&\ ;
2. ujJoSiU Lri\ (II. Kh., vol. i., p. 454);
3. _/JJ\ J ^\ CH. Kh., vol. vi., p. 250) :
4. A great Tafsir, called ^boM (apparently an abridged form of the above title), also noticed by Haj. Khal., vol. ii., pp. 81, 379. See also
Tabakat al-Subki, Add. 23,361, fol. 2686, and, for a copy of the present work, the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 111.
J«»
4)
Beg. laii- iufi
After stating that he had found no Tafsir completely satisfactory, the author says that he compiled the present one from a number of works for his own use, and proceeds to describe it as follows : ^J WN ^ wj
V« <^,\*»- . . . . )\ t^
The preface is followed by a Mukaddimah on the excellence of knowledge, fol. 2a, and the following ten preliminary chapters : 1. Excellence of the Goran, fol. 4b. 2. Value of a knowledge of the Coran, fol. 56. 3. Show- ing that every verse has a literal and a spiritual sense, fol. Ga. 4. Condemnation of ignorant comments upon the Coran, fol. 7a.
5. Supernatural character of the Coran, ib.
6. Names of the Coran, fol. 8a. 7. On Surah and verse, fol. 86. 8. On Tafsir and Ta'wil, ib. 9. On the period during which the Coran was revealed, fol. 9a. 10. On the prayer called SJU-.^, fol. 96.
The rest of the volume is taken up with the commentary upon al-Fatihah, fol. 10a, and upon Surat al-Bakarah, down to v. 208, fols. 2:'6— 179a.
K
66
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
The commentary upon the Fatihah begins :
The text is given entire, but in small por- tions or single words introduced by the words JU3 «!y in red ink. Early commen- tators, as Ibn 'Abbas, Mukatil, Mujahid, Katadah, Ibn Mas'ud, etc., are frequently quoted, but hardly any of the more recent writers. The latest appears to be al-Zajjaj, who died A.H. 311.
Colophon :. <_.?
113.
Or. 3862.— Foil. 163 ; 10 J in. by 7| ; 25 lines, 5J in. long ; written in fair, bold Neskhi, with very few diacritical points; dated Sa'dah, the city of al-Hadi lil-Hakh Yahya B. al- Husain, Tuesday, the 20th of Safar, A.H. 709 (A.D. 1309). Bound in ornamental stamped leather covers. [GLASER, no. 150.]
A commentary upon the Goran, by Sabik al-Dm Muhammad B. 'Ali B. Ahmad B. Ya'Ish al-Nahwi. On the first page is the following inscription by the same hand as the text : ^fciL-U u;- [corrected to
The author, who lived in the seventh century A.H., and died apparently before
A.H. 709, the date of the present MS., wrote also a grammatical work, entitled ^>&xM (Or. 3821). The author of the manual of Zaidi law, called al-Tadkirah (Or. 3861), who died A.H. 791, was his great grandson.
The present volume, apparently the second, begins as follows : Jjj
]? U*
It comprises the following Surahs : iv. fol. 26; v. fol. 4la; vi. fol. 716; vii. fol. 1116 ; viii. fol. 144a ; and ix., from the be- ginning to the end of v. 33, foil. 1566—1626.
The whole text is inserted verse by verse, with the words Jjo »5y , and distinguished by a larger character. The commentary is chiefly grammatical, and does not contain any refe- rence to previous commentators, except a few of the earliest. At the beginning of almost every Surah a Hadith is given, on the authority of Ubayy, relating to its excellence and the rewards promised to whosoever shall recite it. At the beginning of Surat al- Bara'at (ix.), the author gives the following account of the occasion on which it was
revealed :
U
J-e
A few lines further is found the following passage, which displays the Shi'ah partisan- ship of the author : J\ 'i\j>
b!
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
67
Copyist :
114.
Or. 4001.— roll. 100 ; 10£ in. by 7$ ; about 25 lines, 5^ in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, with all the vowels, probably in the 14th century. [(TLASER, no. 296.]
Another portion of the same commentary, without author's name, with the following title written on the outer edge:
It begins and ends abruptly, and extends from Surah xii. 33, to Surah xxviii. 85. There is, however, a lacuna after fol. 8. It extends from Surah xii. 106 to Surah xiv. 4.
Surah xv. begins, fol. 15, as follows : t\jj U
* *JI
The passages of the text are written in a large character with black ink, and preceded by the words JU «Jy, in red.
115.
Or. 3865.— Foil. 133; lO^in. by 7£; 15 lines, 4| in. long ; wi'itten in fine large Neskhi ; dated end of Shawwiil, A.H. 700 (A.D. 1301).
[GrLASEB, no. 153].
The first volume of a commentary upon the Coran, by 'All B. Yahya B. Muh. al- Banna.
The title and the author's name are found in the following inscription :
!
Lower down, and by the same hand, evidently that of the author, is the following addition, from which it appears that he had this fair copy written for Shaikh Amin al- Dm Zaid B. 'Ali, of San'a :
iij j.j
*M»
By the side of the above title is written, by another hand, " abridged from al-Bayan by al-Bahrani,"
The following note, written by a later hand under the author's name, states that he was one of the Zaidi 'Ulema, and was once engaged in a dispute with the Imam Ibrahim B. Taj al-Dm (who was proclaimed A.H. 670, and died A.H. 683), as to the in- terpretation of the prayer called al-Tsti'ildah :
4JJI
4Mb
In a short preface the author says that the difficulty experienced by himself and his contemporaries in referring, in case of need, to the great Tafsirs, induced him to compile a commentary of lighter bulk, and confined K 2
G8
COMMENTARIES UPON THE CORAN.
to a limited number of verses, which he and his brethren could consult with ease.
The commentary does not include the entire text, but only detached verses, or group of verses, which are distinguished by a larger character. Authorities are not, as a rule, nominally referred to, but al-Zamakh- shari is occasionally quoted. The present volume comprises the following Surahs : i. fol. 2a ; ii. fol. 3b ; iii. fol. 74a ; iv. foil. 115a — 132&. It breaks off in the comments upon v. 62 of Surah iv. The last page is taken up with the story of a dispute between 'Ammar B. Yasir and Khalid B. al-Walld, upon the occasion on which that verse is said to have been revealed.
A detached leaf at the end contains a prayer in the author's handwriting. It is signed 'Ali B. Yahya, and dated end of Shawwal, A.H. 700.'
116.
Or. 4258.— Foil. 479 ; 8J in. by 6 ; 29 lines, 3f in. long ; written in a very neat and minute Persian Neskhi, with gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 16th century.
[BODGE.]
The well-known commentary of al-Baidawi (Nasir al-Dm 'Abdallah B. 'Umar) ; see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 64b.
The dates, A.H. 685 or 691-2, generally assigned to the author's death, appear to be too early. Hamdullah Mustaufi, a contem- porary writer, states that he died after A.H. 710 (v. Persian Catalogue, p. 823).
In a notice of his life, extracted from Kitab al-Akallm, Or. 3328, fol. 200, and found also in an abridged form in the fly-leaf of the present MS., it is stated that he gave
up worldly pursuits, spent the latter part of his life in seclusion at Tebriz, and died there A.H. 716.
The MS. has lost the first two leaves. It begins abruptly with these words : l»5 «iO *j>s. ^j J-»»u«o ^1 i^as: sds- «_J* (Fleischer's edition, p. 4, last line).
The first few leaves have marginal notes, in a microscopic character. Foil. 378 — 417 have been supplied by a modern hand. For other copies see the Leyden Catalogue, vol. iv., p. 31; Berlin, no. 517, seqq. ; the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 55, etc.
117.
Or. 1193.— Foil. 525; 8 in. by 5£; 21 lines, 3^ in. long; written in a small and close Turkish Nestalik ; apparently in the 17th century. [ALEX. JABA.]
Gloss of 'Isam al-Dm Ibrahim B. Mu- hammad B. 'Arabshah al-Isfara'ini upon the preceding commentary of al-Kadi al-Baidawi.
Beg. JJ
The author, whose name is written in the preface: ^J^a**^ sll^s- ^ ±+^? ^ f**!^' yjjl ,»^o .£ll»^, dedicates his work to Sultan Sulaiman B. Salim, whom he praises as the conqueror of the perverse Shi'ah, and the mighty defender of the Sunnis. He states at the end that he completed that portion of the work in Shawwal, A.H. 940. He died in Samarkand, A.H. 943 ; see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 784, ad. p. 573.
Haj. Khal. states, vol. i., p. 477, that the Hashiyah consists of two parts, the first extending from the beginning of the Goran to the end of Surah vi., the second from Surah Ixxviii. to the end of the Coran. The
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
69
present MS. contains the former; it com- prises notes on al-Baidiiwi's preface, and the gloss to the commentary upon the following Surahs : i. fol. 6«; ii. fol. 29« ; iii. fol. 2886; iv. fol. 355a; v. fol. 497« ; vi. foil. 477—525.
Incomplete copies are described in the Khedive's Library, vol. i., pp. 81 and 96. The first part, down to the end of Surah v., is noticed in the Copenhagen Catalogue, no. 45, and the second part in the Berlin Catalogue, nos. 836-7. Loth mentions, under no. 84, a copy containing apparently the entire work.
The MS. contained a date of transcription at the end of Surah ii., fol. 28 7 a ; but the figures have been obliterated, and A.H. 940, the date of composition, has been written over them.
Copyist : *Jui»
118.
Or. 3863:— Foil. 271 ; 9f in. by 6£ ; 25 lines, 4f in. long ; written in bold Neskhi, want- ing most diacritical points ; dated four days before the end of Ramadan, A.H. 784 (A.D. 1382). ' [GLASER, no. 151.]
A volume of a grammatical commentary upon the Goran, without title or author's name.
It is evidently a portion of the work en- titled LiJL^*51 ^\j^\ i_»y\ J jjis^l by Abu Ishak Ibrahim B. Mull. B. Ibrahim al-Kaisi al- Safakusi al-Milliki. It corresponds with the account given of that work by Haj. Khal., vol. i., p. 353, and vol. v., p. 410. According
to that account the author compiled it from the commentary of his Shaikh Abu Hayyan (entitled I»AS^ ^ ; v. Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 20, and the Berlin Catalogue, no. 882) and from the work of Abu '1-Baka (v^l j (jW y\Jtt by Abu '1-Baka 'Abdallah B. al-Husaiu al-'Ukbari, who died A.H. 616; see Bughyat al-Wu'at, f. 1446, Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 185, and De Slane, Paris Catalogue, no. G20). He designated by « the additions borrowed from the work of his Shaikh and by CJ5 his own observations.
Our 'MS. is in perfect agreement with the above, especially with regard to the last mentioned notations. Abu '1-Baka is quoted on every page, but his interpretations arc frequently disputed or refuted.
The commentary deals only with the grammatical interpretation. It does not contain the entire text, but only detached words, or groups of two or three words, written in red ink. The rubrics of the several Surahs are , and so on.
The volume comprises the following Surahs: v. fol. 16; vi. fol. 426; vii. fol. 916 ; viii. fol. 127a ; ix. fol. 1376 ; x. fol. 1536; xi. fol. 1686; xii. fol. 186a ; xiii. fol. 200a ; xiv. fol. 2076 ; xv. fol. 2156 ; xvi. fol. 221a ; xvii. fol. 234a ; xviii. fol. 2486 ; xix. foil. 2616—2716.
Notices of the author, and of his Shaikh, Abu Hayyan Muh. B. Yusuf B. 'Ali al- Gharnati, called Athir al-Dm, will be found in al-Durar al-Kaminah, Or. 3043, fol. 106, and Or. 3044, fol. 137a. The former studied first in Bijayah, and then in Cairo under Abu Hayyan ; he was born A.H. 697 and died 18 Dulka'dah, A.H. 742. His Shaikh, Abu Hayyan, who was born A.H. 654, sur- vived him, dying 28 Safar, A.H. 745.
70
COMMENTARIES UPON THE GORAN.
Two volumes of the same commentary comprising Surahs i. — xviii. have been de- scribed by Ahlwardt, Berlin Catalogue, no. 881. See also the Khedive's Library, vol. i., p. 94.
119.
Or. 3948.— Foil. 203 ; 9J in. by 7 ; about 33 lines, 5 in. long ; written in small, and almost unpointed Neskhi, apparently in the 15th century. [GLASEB, no. 242. J
A commentary upon the Goran, without title or author's name.
Beg.
LibV
U,
The above is followed by a short introduc- tion on the meaning of Tafsir, and its distinction from Ta'wil. The commentary extends over the whole of the Goran, but includes only those words of the text which require explanation.
The author does not use the Shi'ah formula after the names of Hasan or
• &j^ aer e names
Husain, and quotes Sunni authorities, such as Ibn al-Jauzi in the above introduction, and al-Zamakhshari at the beginning of Surat al-Bakarah ; but, in the body of the work,